NAICS 424480 - Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Merchant Wholesalers

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NAICS 424480 - Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Merchant Wholesalers*

*Equivalent to SIC 5148.

GENERAL STATISTICS
Year	Establishments (number)	Employment (number)	Payroll ($ million)	Sales ($ million)	Employees per Establishment (number)	Sales per Establishment ($)	Payroll per Employee ($)
Sources: Economic Census of the United States, 1992, 1997 and 2002. Establishment counts, employment, and payroll are from County Business Patterns for non-Census years. Values followed by a ‘p’ are projections by the editors. Sales data for non-Census years are extrapolations, marked by an ‘e’.
1990	4,980	92,682	2,099.5	35,287.3 e	18.6	7,085,803.2	22,652.7
1991	4,848	89,811	2,098.6	36,899.8 e	18.5	7,611,344.9	23,366.8
1992	6,003	101,372	2,372.1	38,512.3	16.9	6,415,508.9	23,400.0
1993	5,770	101,764	2,488.7	40,078.0 e	17.6	6,945,927.2	24,455.6
1994	5,662	105,908	2,629.0	41,643.7 e	18.7	7,354,945.2	24,823.4
1995	5,422	107,572	2,713.5	43,209.4 e	19.8	7,969,273.3	25,225.0
1996	5,460 e	105,495 e	2,785.6 e	44,775.1 e	19.3 e	8,200,567.8 e	26,405.0 e
1997	6,121	109,771	3,021.2	46,340.8	17.9	7,570,789.1	27,522.8
1998	5,979	105,047	3,190.1	47,018.5 e	17.6	7,863,937.1	30,368.3
1999	5,880	106,582	3,285.1	47,696.2 e	18.1	8,111,591.8	30,822.3
2000	5,829	108,650	3,539.9	48,373.8 e	18.6	8,298,823.1	32,580.8
2001	5,753	113,100	3,753.3	49,051.5 e	19.7	8,526,250.7	33,185.7
2002	5,376	110,578	3,569.9	49,729.2	20.6	9,250,223.2	32,284.0
2003	5,253	104,632	3,649.1	52,913.3 p	19.9	10,072,967.4	34,875.6
2004	5,016	99,805	3,634.0	53,731.8 p	19.9	9,401,697.6 p	36,411.4
2005	4,934	101,304	3,771.1	54,976.8 p	20.5	9,595,467.2 p	37,225.1
2006	5,436 p	109,363 p	4,068.6 p	56,221.7 p	20.2 p	9,789,236.8 p	37,803.6 p
2007	5,427 p	109,994 p	4,189.9 p	57,466.6 p	20.3 p	9,983,006.5 p	38,827.5 p
2008	5,417 p	110,624 p	4,311.2 p	58,711.5 p	20.5 p	10,176,776.1 p	39,851.4 p
2009	5,408 p	111,255 p	4,432.4 p	59,956.5 p	20.7 p	10,370,545.8 p	40,875.4 p
2010	5,398 p	111,885 p	4,553.7 p	61,201.4 p	20.8 p	10,564,315.4 p	41,899.3 p

INDICES OF CHANGE
Year	Establishments (number)	Employment (number)	Payroll ($ million)	Sales ($ million)	Employees per Establishment (number)	Sales per Establishment ($)	Payroll per Employee ($)
Sources: Same as General Statistics. The values shown reflect change from the base year, 2002. Values above 100 mean greater than 2002, values below 100 mean less than 2002, and a value of 100 in the 1990-2001 or 2003-2010 period means same as 2002. Values followed by a ‘p’ are projections by the editors; ‘e’ stands for extrapolation. Data are the most recent available at this level of detail.
1990	92.6	83.8	58.8	71.0 e	90.3	76.6	70.2
1992	111.7	91.7	66.4	77.4	82.0	69.4	72.5
1997	113.9	99.3	84.6	93.2	86.9	81.8	85.3
1998	111.2	95.0	89.4	94.5 e	85.4	85.0	94.1
1999	109.4	96.4	92.0	95.9 e	87.9	87.7	95.5
2000	108.4	98.3	99.2	97.3 e	90.3	89.7	100.9
2001	107.0	102.3	105.1	98.6 e	95.6	92.2	102.8
2002	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
2003	97.7	94.6	102.2	106.4 p	96.6	108.9	108.0
2004	93.3	90.3	101.8	108.0 p	96.6	101.6 p	112.8
2005	91.8	91.6	105.6	110.6 p	99.5	103.7 p	115.3
2006	101.1 p	98.9 p	114.0 p	113.1 p	98.1 p	105.8 p	117.1 p
2007	100.9 p	99.5 p	117.4 p	115.6 p	98.5 p	107.9 p	120.3 p
2008	100.8 p	100.0 p	120.8 p	118.1 p	99.5 p	110.0 p	123.4 p
2009	100.6 p	100.6 p	124.2 p	120.6 p	100.5 p	112.1 p	126.6 p
2010	100.4 p	101.2 p	127.6 p	123.1 p	101.0 p	114.2 p	129.8 p

SELECTED RATIOS
For 2002	Avg. of All Wholesale	Analyzed Industry	Index	For 2002	Avg. of All Wholesale	Analyzed Industry	Index
Sources: Same as General Statistics. The ‘Average of All’ column, Wholesale or Retail, represents the average of the sector reported for the most recent complete year available. The Index shows the relationship between the Average and the Analyzed Industry. For example, 100 means that they are equal; 500 that the Analyzed Industry is five times the average; 50 means that the Analyzed Industry is half the national average. The abbreviation ‘na’ is used to show that data are ‘not available’.
Employees per Establishment	15	21	138	Sales per Employee	791,325	449,721	57
Payroll per Establishment	626,122	664,044	106	Sales per Establishment	12,012,387	9,250,223	77
Payroll per Employee	41,161	32,284	78	Expenses per Establishment	na	na	na

LEADING COMPANIES Number shown: 75 Total sales ($ mil): 65,068 Total employment (000): 89.3
Company Name	Address				CEO Name	Phone	Co. Type	Sales ($ mil)	Empl. (000)
Source: Ward's Business Directory of U.S. Private and Public Companies, Volumes 1 and 2, 2007. The company type code used is as follows: P - Public, R - Private, S - Subsidiary, D - Division, J - Joint Venture, A -Affiliate, G - Group. Sales are in millions of dollars, employees are in thousands. An asterisk (*) indicates an estimated sales volume. The symbol < stands for ‘less than’. Company names and addresses are truncated, in some cases, to fit into the available space.
SYSCO Corp.	1390 Enclave Pkwy.	Houston	TX	77077		281-584-1390	P	35,042	50.9
C.H. Robinson Worldwide Inc.	8100 Mitchell Rd.	Eden Prairie	MN	55344		952-937-8500	P	7,316	7.3
Performance Food Group Co.	12500 W Creek Pky.	Richmond	VA	23238		804-484-7700	P	6,305	7.2
Nash Finch Co.	PO Box 355	Minneapolis	MN	55440	Alec C Covington	952-832-0534	P	4,533	4.6
Services Group of America Inc.	4025 Delridge	Seattle	WA	98106	Thomas J Stewart	206-933-5000	R	2,200*	3.5
Shamrock Foods Co.	2540 N 29th Ave.	Phoenix	AZ	85009		602-233-6400	R	1,566	2.5
Associated Food Stores Inc.	PO Box 30430	Salt Lake City	UT	84130	Richard A Parkinson	801-973-4400	R	907*	1.4
Affiliated Foods Midwest	PO Box 1067	Norfolk	NE	68702	Martin Arter	402-371-0555	R	687*	0.6
R.D. Offutt Co.	PO Box 7160	Fargo	ND	58106	Ronald D Offutt	701-237-6062	R	575*	2.0
A Duda and Sons Inc.	PO Box 620257	Oviedo	FL	32762		407-365-2111	R	476*	0.1
Sunkist Growers Inc.	PO Box 7888	Van Nuys	CA	91409	Tim Lindgren	818-986-4800	R	463*	0.3
DiMare Florida	PO Box 11128	Tampa	FL	33680		813-238-7981	S	319*	0.1
DNE World Fruit Sales Inc.	1900 Old Dixie	Fort Pierce	FL	34946	Greg Nelson	772-465-7555	S	270*	<0.1
Standard Fruit and Vegetable	PO Box 225027	Dallas	TX	75222		214-428-3600	S	243*	0.5
Bland Farms Inc.	PO Box 2299	Reidsville	GA	30453	Delbert Bland	912-654-1426	R	225*	<0.1
Tripifoods Inc.	PO Box 1107	Buffalo	NY	14240	Joseph C Tripi	716-853-7400	R	218*	0.3
G and S Packing Company Inc.	PO Box 157	Weirsdale	FL	32195	Earl Scales	352-821-2251	R	201*	0.5
Magi Inc.	PO Box 157	Brewster	WA	98812		509-689-2511	R	194*	0.3
Sanson Co.	3716 Croton Ave.	Cleveland	OH	44115	Jeffrey Sanson	216-431-8560	R	191*	<0.1
Fresh Point Inc.	8801 Exchange Dr.	Orlando	FL	32809	Sturgeon Sturgeon	407-857-3930	S	169*	0.3
Albert's Organics Inc.	PO Box 624	Bridgeport	NJ	08014	Barclay Hope	856-241-9090	R	163*	0.5
Pancho's Management Inc.	2855 Lamb Pl.	Memphis	TN	38118	Brenda O’Brien	901-362-9691	R	129*	0.1
Coop. Reg./Organic Prod Pools	1 Organic Way	La Farge	WI	54639		608-625-2602	R	123*	0.3
Freshway Foods Inc.	601 Stolle Ave.	Sidney	OH	45365	Frank Gilardi	937-498-4664	R	120*	0.3
Inland Fruit Co.	300 N Frontage Rd.	Wapato	WA	98951	Susan Putman	509-877-2126	R	111*	0.5
Costa Fruit and Produce Co.	PO Box 290574	Boston	MA	02129	Manuel R Costa	617-241-8007	R	105*	0.2
H. Smith Packing Corp.	99 Fort Rd., Ste. 1	Presque Isle	ME	04769	Greg Smith	207-764-4540	R	103*	<0.1
Paramount Export Co.	175 Filbert St.	Oakland	CA	94607	Nick Kukulan	510-839-0150	R	98*	<0.1
John H. Burrows Inc.	PO Box 604	Sparks	NV	89431	John H Burrows	775-358-2442	R	82*	0.2
Gargiulo Inc.	15000 Old 41 N	Naples	FL	34110	Christian Leleu	239-597-3131	R	74*	<0.1
Custom Cuts Inc.	2842 S 5th Ct.	Milwaukee	WI	53207	Brad Beckman	414-483-0491	R	72*	0.2
IF and P Foods Inc.	4501 Massachusetts	Indianapolis	IN	46218	Michael Mascari	317-546-2425	R	70*	0.2
Maine Potato Growers Inc.	PO Box 271	Presque Isle	ME	04769		207-764-3131	R	69*	<0.1
International Food Group Inc.	2401 Williamette Dr	Plant City	FL	33566	Joseph Blanato	813-707-6161	S	68*	<0.1
Community Suffolk Inc.	304 2nd St.	Everett	MA	02149	Joe Piazza	617-389-5200	R	57*	<0.1
Jac Vandenberg Inc.	100 Corporate Blvd.	Yonkers	NY	10701	David Schiro	914-964-5990	R	56*	<0.1
Johnson Foods Inc.	PO Box 916	Sunnyside	WA	98944	Gary Johnson	509-837-4214	R	56*	<0.1
Lee Ray-Tarantino Company Inc.	PO Box 2408	S San Francisco	CA	94083	Paul Tarantino	650-871-4323	S	55*	0.1
Flavor 1st Growers and Packers	PO Box 609	Horse Shoe	NC	28742	Brian Rose	828-890-3630	R	51*	0.1
Progressive Produce Co.	5790 Peachtree St.	Los Angeles	CA	90040	James K Leimkuhler	323-890-8100	R	50*	0.2
Krisp Pak Company Inc.	835 Southampton	Norfolk	VA	23510	Paul Battaglia	757-622-8440	R	49*	0.1
Hickenbottom and Sons Inc.	301 Warehouse Ave.	Sunnyside	WA	98944	Jerry Hickenbottom	509-837-4100	R	49*	<0.1
Nor-Cal Produce Inc.	PO Box 980188	W Sacramento	CA	95798	Dan Achondo	916-373-0830	R	47*	0.1
Country Fresh Mushroom Co.	PO Box 489	Avondale	PA	19311	Mickey Brosius	610-268-3033	R	45*	0.1
Caro Foods Inc.	2324 Bayou Blue	Houma	LA	70364	Ralph Boudreau	985-872-1483	S	44*	0.3
Blue Mountain Meats Inc.	333 S 2nd E	Monticello	UT	84535	Scott Frost	435-587-2289	R	43*	<0.1
Bergin Fruit Company Inc.	740 Kasota Cir. SE	Minneapolis	MN	55414	Thomas Bergin	612-378-1234	R	43*	<0.1
Earth Brothers Ltd.	Rt. 103	Proctorsville	VT	05153	Steve Birge	802-226-7484	R	42*	0.1
Muir Enterprises	951 S 3600 W	Salt Lake City	UT	84104	Phillip R Muir	801-908-6091	R	41*	<0.1
Paragon Wholesale Foods Corp.	55 36th St.	Pittsburgh	PA	15201	Elaine Bellin	412-621-2626	R	40*	<0.1
Texas Citrus Exchange	702 E Expy. 83	Mission	TX	78572	Verle Creay	956-585-8321	R	40*	0.2
Frieda's Inc.	4465 Corporate Ctr.	Los Alamitos	CA	90720	Frieda Caplan	714-826-6100	R	38*	0.1
Garden-Fresh Foods Inc.	726 S 12th St.	Milwaukee	WI	53204	Thomas Hughes	414-645-1000	R	38*	<0.1
Leroy Smith and Sons Inc.	PO Box 716	Vero Beach	FL	32961	Elson Smith	772-567-3421	R	38*	<0.1
Idaho Supreme Potatoes Inc.	PO Box 246	Firth	ID	83236	Wilford Chapman	208-346-6841	R	38*	0.3
Marjon Specialty Foods Inc.	3508 Sydney Rd.	Plant City	FL	33567	John Miller	813-752-3482	R	38*	<0.1
Hollar and Greene Produce Co.	PO Box 3500	Boone	NC	28607	Dale Greene	828-264-2177	R	36*	<0.1
Consumers Produce Co.	1 21st St.	Pittsburgh	PA	15222	Alan Siger	412-281-0722	R	36*	<0.1
Del Monte Fresh Produce N.A.	14 Stuart Dr.	Kankakee	IL	60901	Warren Ouwenga	815-936-7400	R	36*	<0.1
Vinyard Fruit and Vegetable	804 SW 2nd St.	Oklahoma City	OK	73109	Roy Vinyard	405-272-0339	R	36*	<0.1
Schaefer Packing Co.	416 Morris Ave.	Mundelein	IL	60060	Craig Schaefer	847-949-2820	R	35*	<0.1
D’Arrigo Brothers of MA	105 New Eng Prdc	Chelsea	MA	02150	Peter A D’Arrigo, Jr	617-884-1800	R	34*	<0.1
HPC Foods Ltd.	288 Libby St.	Honolulu	HI	96819	Ernest Tottori	808-848-2431	R	34*	0.2
Sunny Dell Foods Inc.	135 N 5th St.	Oxford	PA	19363	Gary Caligiuri	610-932-5164	R	34*	<0.1
General Produce Company Ltd.	PO Box 308	Sacramento	CA	95812	Daniel Chan	916-441-6431	R	32*	0.3
Chiquita Fresh, North America	3403 Macintosh Rd.	Fort Lauderdale	FL	33316	Cyrus F Freldhelm Jr	513-784-8935	R	31*	0.1
DiMare Brothers Inc.	84 New Engl Prod	Chelsea	MA	02150	Charles Dolan	617-889-3800	R	31*	0.1
Federal Fruit and Produce Co.	1890 E 58th Ave.	Denver	CO	80216	Stan Kouba	303-292-1303	R	30*	<0.1
Mission Produce Inc.	PO Box 5267	Oxnard	CA	93031	Steve Barnard	805-981-3650	R	28*	0.1
Roberts Sysco Foods Inc.	1 Sysco Dr.	Lincoln	IL	62656	Dean Robert Jr		S	28*	<0.1
Brady Farms Inc.	14786 Winans St.	West Olive	MI	49460	Robert Brady	616-842-3916	R	28*	0.1
Adams Brothers Produce Co.	PO Box 2474	Tuscaloosa	AL	35403		205-758-2891	R	25*	0.2
J and G Food Products Inc.	1631 Auburn St.	Columbia	SC	29204	George Allawos	803-256-1608	R	25*	<0.1
B Del Toro and Sons Inc.	393 Harris Ave.	Providence	RI	02909	Michael Deltoro	401-421-5820	R	24*	<0.1
Page's Produce Co.	4601 Pacific Blvd.	Vernon	CA	90058	Gene Page	323-277-3660	R	23*	<0.1

OCCUPATIONS EMPLOYED BY GROCERY & RELATED PRODUCTS WHOLESALE
Occupation	% of Total 2006	Change to 2016	Occupation	% of Total 2006	Change to 2016
Source: Industry-Occupation Matrix, Bureau of Labor Statistics, December 4, 2007. These data are reported based on 4-digit NAICS categories but have been matched to corresponding 6-digit NAICS industry codes. The change reported for each occupation to the year 2016 is a percent of growth or decline as estimated by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The abbreviation nec stands for ‘not elsewhere classified’.
Sales reps, wholesale & manufacturing, exc tech	13.0	9.4	Bookkeeping, accounting, & auditing clerks	1.8	9.4
Laborers & freight, stock, & material movers, hand	10.4	-1.6	Office clerks, general	1.8	7.7
Driver/sales workers	9.2	-1.6	Customer service representatives	1.7	20.3
Truck drivers, heavy & tractor-trailer	8.7	9.4	Packaging & filling machine operators & tenders	1.5	-1.6
Stock clerks & order fillers	5.4	-8.5	General & operations managers	1.5	-1.6
Truck drivers, light or delivery services	5.3	9.4	First-line supervisors/managers of non-retail sales work	1.3	4.4
Industrial truck & tractor operators	3.7	-1.6	First-line supervisors/managers of transportation work	1.2	9.4
Packers & packagers, hand	2.7	-12.5	Wholesale & retail buyers, exc farm products	1.1	-1.6
Shipping, receiving, & traffic clerks	2.4	5.2	Order clerks	1.1	-28.9

INDUSTRY DATA BY STATE
State	Establishments		Employment			Payroll		Sales
State	Total (number)	% of U.S.	Total (number)	% of U.S.	Per Estab.	Total ($ mil.)	Per Empl. ($)	Total ($ mil.)	% of U.S.	Per Estab. ($)
California	1,106	20.5	26,091	23.6	24	989.4	37,920	15,795.6	31.8	14,281,765
Florida	566	10.5	11,800	10.7	21	293.2	24,847	3,888.7	7.8	6,870,565
New York	523	9.7	5,812	5.3	11	224.6	38,637	3,304.3	6.7	6,317,946
Texas	338	6.3	7,733	7.0	23	214.5	27,739	2,842.1	5.7	8,408,589
New Jersey	221	4.1	2,543	2.3	12	106.3	41,820	2,032.8	4.1	9,198,281
Pennsylvania	228	4.2	4,145	3.7	18	145.8	35,169	1,970.4	4.0	8,642,110
Washington	171	3.2	6,563	5.9	38	177.5	27,048	1,946.2	3.9	11,381,544
Illinois	200	3.7	2,258	2.0	11	104.8	46,391	1,367.3	2.8	6,836,740
Massachusetts	151	2.8	2,371	2.1	16	106.9	45,071	1,365.9	2.7	9,045,940
Georgia	143	2.6	3,373	3.1	24	103.4	30,650	1,361.6	2.7	9,521,741
Arizona	158	2.9	4,784	4.3	30	87.8	18,343	1,356.0	2.7	8,582,411
Ohio	134	2.5	3,011	2.7	22	111.8	37,125	1,320.6	2.7	9,855,149
Michigan	150	2.8	1,849	1.7	12	63.3	34,243	938.6	1.9	6,257,493
Idaho	58	1.1	2,525	2.3	44	46.4	18,382	855.6	1.7	14,751,086
Maryland	71	1.3	1,907	1.7	27	68.6	35,954	808.9	1.6	11,392,859
Minnesota	68	1.3	1,542	1.4	23	64.7	41,986	789.6	1.6	11,611,485
Oregon	90	1.7	2,728	2.5	30	77.8	28,504	736.8	1.5	8,186,556
Colorado	77	1.4	2,140	1.9	28	60.0	28,043	705.4	1.4	9,161,091
Oklahoma	43	0.8	815	0.7	19	21.4	26,202	636.8	1.3	14,810,209
North Carolina	87	1.6	1,633	1.5	19	41.6	25,454	505.2	1.0	5,807,241
Indiana	35	0.6	1,186	1.1	34	45.3	38,212	469.1	0.9	13,403,400
Wisconsin	56	1.0	1,070	1.0	19	36.0	33,688	445.9	0.9	7,962,964
Tennessee	65	1.2	1,571	1.4	24	52.9	33,682	431.9	0.9	6,644,015
Connecticut	41	0.8	699	0.6	17	25.8	36,864	357.1	0.7	8,709,341
Missouri	58	1.1	677	0.6	12	25.6	37,826	341.2	0.7	5,882,086
Hawaii	51	0.9	824	0.7	16	23.1	28,076	234.9	0.5	4,606,490
Virginia	62	1.1	1,089	1.0	18	28.3	25,946	229.8	0.5	3,707,097
Kentucky	45	0.8	694	0.6	15	20.9	30,146	220.1	0.4	4,892,044
Louisiana	41	0.8	945	0.9	23	24.2	25,579	216.8	0.4	5,286,951
Arkansas	19	0.4	273	0.2	14	9.4	34,260	177.0	0.4	9,314,316
Nevada	20	0.4	622	0.6	31	18.8	30,289	168.6	0.3	8,432,200
Alabama	31	0.6	473	0.4	15	14.3	30,258	168.4	0.3	5,433,290

INDUSTRY DATA BY STATE - Continued
State	Establishments		Employment			Payroll		Sales
State	Total (number)	% of U.S.	Total (number)	% of U.S.	Per Estab.	Total ($ mil.)	Per Empl. ($)	Total ($ mil.)	% of U.S.	Per Estab. ($)
Source: 2002 Economic Census. The states are in descending order of sales or establishments (if sales data are missing for the majority). The symbol (D) appears when data are withheld to prevent disclosure of competitive information. States marked with (D) are sorted by number of establishments. A dash (-) indicates that the data element cannot be calculated. Shaded states on the state map indicate those states which have a proportionately greater representation in the industry than would be indicated by the state's population; the ratio is based on total sales or number of establishments. Shaded regions indicate where the industry is regionally most concentrated.
South Carolina	39	0.7	434	0.4	11	12.0	27,604	167.7	0.3	4,300,256
Kansas	26	0.5	358	0.3	14	13.8	38,492	158.4	0.3	6,090,423
Iowa	17	0.3	395	0.4	23	14.7	37,089	151.3	0.3	8,902,353
Utah	27	0.5	280	0.3	10	9.4	33,732	148.2	0.3	5,487,074
Maine	29	0.5	271	0.2	9	8.3	30,668	133.8	0.3	4,613,207
West Virginia	19	0.4	629	0.6	33	13.0	20,704	124.9	0.3	6,571,684
New Mexico	23	0.4	258	0.2	11	8.8	33,926	91.5	0.2	3,979,522
Mississippi	23	0.4	274	0.2	12	6.7	24,518	75.9	0.2	3,301,217
North Dakota	12	0.2	242	0.2	20	4.1	17,050	69.1	0.1	5,759,417
Vermont	6	0.1	208	0.2	35	5.7	27,625	36.9	0.1	6,142,333
Alaska	5	0.1	79	0.1	16	3.7	46,633	27.1	0.1	5,413,600
Nebraska	6	0.1	202	0.2	34	4.0	19,713	25.8	0.1	4,301,000
New Hampshire	9	0.2	119	0.1	13	3.1	26,378	23.3	-	2,590,222
Wyoming	3	0.1	19	-	6	0.4	22,947	3.8	-	1,267,333
Rhode Island	17	0.3	100-249	-	-	(D)	-	(D)	-	-
D.C.	13	0.2	250-499	-	-	(D)	-	(D)	-	-
Delaware	7	0.1	20-99	-	-	(D)	-	(D)	-	-
Montana	6	0.1	250-499	-	-	(D)	-	(D)	-	-
South Dakota	3	0.1	20-99	-	-	(D)	-	(D)	-	-