Appendices

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Appendices

Appendix I: Signers of the Declaration of Independence
	State	Birthdate	Birthplace	Age at Signing	Occupation	Death Date	Age at Death
Adams, John	MA	10/30/1735	Quincy, MA	40	Lawyer	7/4/1826	90
Adams, Samuel	MA	9/27/1722	Boston, MA	53	Politician	10/2/1803	81
Bartlett, Josiah	NH	11/21/1729	Amesbury, MA	46	Physician	5/19/1795	65
Braxton, Carter	VA	9/10/1736	Newington, VA	39	Planter Merchant, Planter	10/10/1797	61
Carroll, Charles (of Carrollton)	MD	9/19/1737	Annapolis, MD	38		11/14/1832	95
Chase, Samuel	MD	4/17/1741	Somerset Co., MD	35	Lawyer	6/19/1811	70
Clark, Abraham	NJ	2/15/1726	Elizabethtown, NJ	50	Surveyor	9/15/1794	68
Clymer, George	PA	3/16/1739	Philadelphia, PA	37	Merchant	1/24/1813	73
Ellery, William	RI	12/22/1727	Newport, RI	48	Lawyer, Merchant	2/15/1820	92
Floyd, William	NJ	12/17/1734	Brookhaven, NY	41	Land Speculator	8/4/1821	86
Franklin, Benjamin	PA	1/17/1706	Boston, MA	70	Printer, scientist	4/17/1790	84
Gerry, Elbridge	MA	7/17/1744	Marblehead, MA	32	Merchant	11/23/1814	70
Gwinnett, Button	GA	1735	Gloucester, England	41	Merchant, Planter	5/15/1777	42
Hall, Lyman	GA	4/12/1724	Wallingford, CT	52	Physician, Minister	10/19/1790	66
Hancock, John	MA	1/12/1737	Quincy, MA	40	Merchant	10/8/1793	56
Harrison, Benjamin	VA	4/7/1726	Charles City Co., VA	65	Planter	4/24/1791	65
Hart, John	NJ	1714	Hopewell, NJ	62	Landowner	5/11/1779	65
Hewes, Joseph	NY	1/23/1730	Kingston, NJ	46	Merchant	10/10/1779	49
Heyward, Thomas	SC	7/28/1746	St. Helena Parish, SC	30	Lawyer, Planter	3/6/1809	62
Hooper, William	NC	6/17/1742	Boston, MA	34	Lawyer	10/14/1790	48
Hopkins, Stephen	RI	3/7/1707	Providence, RI	69	Merchant	4/13/1785	78
Hopkinson, Francis	NJ	10/2/1737	Philadelphia, PA	38	Lawyer, Composer	5/9/1791	53
Huntington, Samuel	CT	7/3/1731	Windham, CT	45	Lawyer	1/5/1796	64
Jefferson, Thomas	VA	4/13/1743	Albemarle Co., VA	33	Lawyer, Planter	7/4/1826	83
Lee, Francis Lightfoot	VA	10/14/1734	Mt. Pleasant, VA	41	Planter	1/11/1797	62
Lee, Richard Henry	VA	1/20/1732	Stratford, VA	44	Planter	6/19/1794	62
Lewis, Francis	NY	3/21/1713	Llandaff, Wales	63	Merchant	12/30/1802	89
Livingston, Philip	NY	1/15/1716	Albany, NY	60	Merchant	6/12/1778	62
Lynch, Thomas, Jr.	SC	8/5/1749	Winyah, SC	26	Lawyer	1779	30
McKean, Thomas	DE	3/19/1735	Chester Co., PA	42	Lawyer	6/24/1817	83
Middleton, Arthur	SC	6/26/1742	Charleston, SC	34	Planter	1/1/1787	44
Morris, Lewis	NY	4/8/1726	Westchester Co., NY	50	Landowner	1/22/1798	71
Morris, Robert	PA	1/31/1734	Liverpool, England	42	Merchant	5/8/1806	72
Morton, John	PA	1725	Tinicum, PA	51	Farmer, Lawyer	4/1/1777	52
Nelson, Thomas, Jr.	VA	12/26/1738	Yorktown, VA	37	Merchant, Planter	1/4/1789	50
Paca, William	MD	10/31/1740	Abington, MD	35	Lawyer, Planter	10/13/1799	58
Paine, Robert Treat	MA	3/11/1731	Boston, MA	45	Lawyer	5/12/1814	83
Penn, John	NC	5/6/1740	Carolina Co., VA	36	Lawyer	9/14/1788	48
Read, George	DE	9/18/1733	Cecil Co., MD	42	Lawyer	9/21/1798	65
Rodney, Caesar	DE	10/7/1728	Dover, DE	47	Landowner	6/29/1784	55
Ross, George	PA	5/10/1730	New Castle, DE	46	Lawyer	7/14/1779	49
Rush, Benjamin	PA	1/4/1746	Philadelphia, PA	30	Physician	4/19/1813	67
Rutledge, Edward	SC	11/23/1749	Christ Church Parish, SC	26	Lawyer, Planter	1/23/1800	50
Sherman, Roger	CT	4/19/1721	Newton, MA	55	Surveyor, Merchant	7/23/1793	72
Smith, James	PA	9/17/1719	Ireland	57	Lawyer	7/11/1806	87
Stockton, Richard	NJ	10/1/1730	Princeton, NJ	45	Lawyer	2/28/1781	50
Stone, Thomas	MD	1743	Durham Parish, MD	33	Lawyer	10/5/1787	44
Taylor, George	PA	1716?	Ireland	60	Ironmaster	2/23/1781	65
Thornton, Matthew	NH	1714?	Ireland	62	Physician	6/24/1803	89
Walton, George	GA	1749?	Cumberland Co., VA?	27	Lawyer	2/2/1804	55
Whipple, William	NH	1/14/1730	Kittery, ME	46	Merchant	11/28/1785	55
Williams, William	CT	3/18/1731	Lebanon, CT	45	Merchant	8/2/1811	80
Wilson, James	PA	9/14/1742	Carskerdo, Scotland	33	Lawyer	8/21/1798	55
Witherspoon, John	NJ	2/5/1723	Gifford, Scotland	53	Minister	11/15/1794	71
Wolcott, Oliver	CT	11/20/1726	Windsor, CT	49	Lawyer	12/1/1797	71
Wythe, George	VA	1726?	Elizabeth City Co., VA	50	Lawyer	6/8/1806	80

Appendix II: Delegates to the Continental Congress
Member	Years served
CONNECTICUT
Andrew Adams	1778–1782
Josiah P. Cooke	1784–1785, 1787–1788
Silas Deane	1774–1776
Eliphalet Dyer	1774–1779, 1782–1783
Pierrepont Edwards	1788
Oliver Ellsworth	1778–1783
Titus Hosmer	1778
Benjamin Huntington	1780, 1782–1783, 1788
Samuel Huntington	1776, 1778–1781, 1783
William S. Johnson	1785–1787
Richard Law	1781–1782
Stephen M. Mitchell	1785–1788
Jesse Root	1778–1782
Roger Sherman	1774–1782, 1784
Joseph Spencer	1779
Jonathan Sturges	1786
James Wadsworth	1784
Jeremiah Wadsworth	1788
William Williams	1776–1777
Oliver Wolcott	1776–1778, 1781–1783
Elected from Connecticut but did not serve: Joseph Trumbull, Erastus Wolcott, Jedediah Strong, John Treadwell, William Pitkin, William Hillhouse, John Canfield, Charles Church Chandler, John Chester.
DELAWARE
Gunning Bedford, Jr.	1783–1785
John Dickinson	1779
Philemon Dickinson	1782–1783
Dyre Kearny	1787–1788
Eleazer McComb	1783–1784
Thomas McKean	1774–1776, 1778–1782
Nathaniel Mitchell	1787–1788
John Patten	1786
William Peery	1786
George Read	1774–1777
Caesar Rodney	1774–1776
Thomas Rodney	1781–1782, 1786
James Tilton	1783–1784
Nicholas Van Dyke	1777–1781
John Vining	1784–1785
Samuel Wharton	1782–1783
Elected from Delaware but did not serve: John Evans, James Sykes, Henry Latimer, John McKinly, Samuel Patterson, Isaac Grantham.
GEORGIA
Abraham Baldwin	1785, 1787–1788
Nathan Brownson	1777
Archibald Bulloch	1775
William Few	1780–1782, 1786–1787
William Gibbons	1784
Button Gwinnett	1776
John Habersham	1785
Lyman Hall	1775–1777
John Houstoun	1775
William Houstoun	1784–1786
Richard Howley	1781
Noble Wymberly Jones	1781–1782
Edward Langworthy	1777–1779
William Pierce	1787
Edward Telfair	1778, 1780–1782
George Walton	1776–1777, 1780–1781
John Walton	1777
Joseph Wood	1777–1778
John J. Zubly	1775
Elected from Georgia but did not serve: Joseph Clay, Benjamin Andrew, Samuel Stirk, Lachlan Mclntosh.

Member	Years served
MARYLAND
Robert Alexander	1776
William Carmichael	1778–1779
Charles Carroll of Carrollton	1776–1778
Daniel Carroll	1781–1783
Jeremiah T. Chase	1783–1784
Samuel Chase	1774–1778
Benjamin Contee	1788
James Forbes	1778–1780
Uriah Forrest	1787
Robert Goldsborough	1774–1776
John Hall	1775
John Hanson	1780–1782
William Harrison	1786
William Hemsley	1782–1783
John Henry	1778–1780, 1785–1786
William Hindman	1785–1786
John E. Howard	1788
Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer	1779–1781
Thomas Johnson	1774–1776
Thomas Sim Lee	1783
Edward Lloyd	1783–1784
James McHenry	1783–1785
Luther Martin	1785
William Paca	1774–1779
George Plater	1778–1780
Richard Potts	1781
Nathaniel Ramsey	1786–1787
John Rogers	1775–1776
David Ross	1787–1789
Benjamin Rumsey	1777
Joshua Seney	1788
William Smith	1777
Thomas Stone	1775–1778, 1784
Matthew Tilghman	1774–1776
Turbutt Wright	1782
Elected but did not serve: Richard Ridgely, Gustavus Scott, Edward Giles
MASSACHUSETTS
John Adams	1774–1778
Samuel Adams	1774–1782
Thomas Cushing	1774–1776
Francis Dana	1777–1778, 1783–1784
Nathan Dane	1785–1788
Elbridge Gerry	1776–1780, 1783–1785
Nathaniel Gorham	1783, 1786–1788
John Hancock	1775–1778
Stephen Higginson	1783
Samuel Holten	1778–1780, 1783–1785, 1787
Jonathan Jackson	1781–1782
Rufus King	1784–1787
James Lovell	1777–1782
John Lowell	1782
Samuel Osgood	1781–1784
Samuel A. Otis	1787–1789
Robert Treat Paine	1774–1776
George Partridge	1779–1782, 1787
Theodore Sedgwick	1785–1786, 1788
George Thatcher	1788–1789
Artemas Ward	1781
Elected from Massachusetts but did not serve: James Sullivan, James Bowdoin, Timothy Edwards, Caleb Strong, Timothy Danielson, Tristram Dalton.
NEW HAMPSHIRE
Josiah Bartlett	1775–1778
Jonathan Blanchard	1783–1784
Nathaniel Folsom	1774, 1777–1780

Member	Years served
NEW HAMPSHIRE [CONTINUED]
Abiel Foster	1783–1785
George Frost	1777–1779
John Taylor Gilman	1782–1783
Nicholas Gilman	1787–1789
John Langdon	1775–1776, 1786–1787
Woodbury Langdon	1779–1780
Samuel Livermore	1780–1783, 1785–1786
Pierse Long	1784–1786
Nathaniel Peabody	1779–1780
John Sullivan	1774–1775, 1780–1781
Matthew Thornton	1776–1777
John Wentworth, Jr.	1777
William Whipple	1776–1779
Phillips White	1782–1783
Paine Wingate	1788–1789
Elected from New Hampshire but did not serve: Ebenezer Thompson, Timothy Walker, Jr., Joshua Wentworth, George Adkinson, Benjamin Bellows, Moses Dow, Elisha Payne.
NEW JERSEY
John Beatty	1783–1785
Elias Boudinot	1778, 1781–1783
William Burnet	1780–1781
Lambert Cadwalader	1784–1787
Abraham Clark	1776–1778, 1780–1783, 1786–1788
Silas Condict	1781–1783
Stephen Crane	1774–1776
Jonathan Dayton	1787–1788
John De Hart	1774–1776
Samuel Dick	1783–1785
Jonathan Elmer	1777–1778, 1781–1783, 1787–1788
John Fell	1777–1780
Frederick Frelinghuysen	1779, 1783
John Hart	1776
Francis Hopkinson	1776
Josiah Hornblower	1785–1786
William C. Houston	1779–1781, 1784–1785
James Kinsey	1774–1775
William Livingston	1774–1776
James Schureman	1786–1787
Nathaniel Scudder	1778–1779, 1781
Jonathan D. Sergeant	1776–1777
Richard Smith	1774–1776
John Stevens	1784
Charles Stewart	1784–1785
Richard Stockton	1776
John C. Symmes	1785–1786
John Witherspoon	1776–1782
Elected from New Jersey but did not serve: John Cooper, John Neilson, William Paterson.
NEW YORK
John Alsop	1774–1776
Egbert Benson	1784, 1787–1788
Simon Boerum	1774–1775
George Clinton	1775–1776
Charles De Witt	1784
James Duane	1774–1779, 1781–1783
William Duer	1777–1778
William Floyd	1774–1776, 1779–1783
Leonard Gansevoort	1788
David Gelston	1789
Alexander Hamilton	1782–1783, 1788
John Haring	1774, 1785–1787
John Jay	1774–1779, 1784

Member	Years served
NEW YORK [CONTINUED]
John Lansing, Jr.	1785
John Lawrance	1785–1787
Francis Lewis	1775–1779, 1781–1783
Ezra L'Hommedieu	1779–1783, 1788
Philip Livingston	1775–1778
Robert R. Livingston	1775–1776, 1779–1781, 1785
Walter Livingston	1784–1785
Isaac Low	1774
Gouverneur Morris	1778–1779
Lewis Morris	1775–1777
Alexander McDougall	1781
Ephraim Paine	1784
Philip Pell	1789
Zephaniah Platt	1785–1786
Philip Schuyler	1775, 1777, 1779–1780
John Morin Scott	1780–1782
Melancton Smith	1785–1787
Henry Wisner	1775–1776
Abraham Yates	1787–1788
Peter W. Yates	1786
Elected from New York but did not serve: none.
NORTH CAROLINA
John B. Ashe	1787
Timothy Bloodworth	1786
William Blount	1783, 1786–1787
Thomas Burke	1777–1781
Robert Burton	1787
Richard Caswell	1774–1775
William Cumming	1785
Cornelius Harnett	1777–1779
Benjamin Hawkins	1782–1783, 1787
Joseph Hewes	1774–1777, 1779
Whitmill Hill	1778–1780
William Hooper	1774–1777
Samuel Johnston	1780–1782
Allen Jones	1779–1780
Willie Jones	1780–1781
Abner Nash	1782–1783
John Penn	1775–1780
William Sharpe	1779–1781
John Sitgreaves	1784–1785
Richard D. Spaight	1783–1785
John Swann	1787–1788
James White	1786–1788
John Williams	1777–1779
Hugh Williamson	1782–1785, 1787–1788
Elected from North Carolina but did not serve: Ephraim Brevard, Adlai Osborn, Thomas Person, Charles Johnson, Joseph McDowell, Nathaniel Macon, Alexander Martin, Thomas Polk, Benjamin Smith, John Stokes.
PENNSYLVANIA
Andrew Allen	1775–1776
John Armstrong	1779–1780, 1787–1788
Samuel J. Atlee	1778–1782
John B. Bayard	1785–1786
Edward Biddle	1775
William Bingham	1786–1788
William Clingan	1777–1779
George Clymer	1776–1778, 1780
Tench Coxe	1788–1789
John Dickinson	1774–1776
Thomas FitzSimons	1782–1783
Benjamin Franklin	1775–1776
Joseph Galloway	1774
Joseph Gardner	1784–1785

Member	Years served
PENNSYLVANIA [CONTINUED]
Edward Hand	1784–1785
William Henry	1784–1785
Charles Humphreys	1774–1776
Jared Ingersoll	1780
William Irvine	1787–1788
David Jackson	1785
James McClene	1779–1780
Timothy Matlack	1781
Samuel Meredith	1786–1788
Thomas Mifflin	1774–1775, 1783–1784
John Montgomery	1782–1784
Joseph Montgomery	1781–1782
Cadwalader Morris	1783–1784
Robert Morris	1776–1778
John Morton	1774–1776
Frederick Muhlenberg	1778–1780
Richard Peters	1782–1783
Charles Pettit	1785–1787
Joseph Reed	1778
James R. Reid	1787–1789
Samuel Rhoads	1774
Daniel Roberdeau	1777–1779
George Ross	1774–1777
Benjamin Rush	1776–1777
Arthur St. Clair	1786–1787
James Searle	1778–1780
William Shippen	1779–1780
James Smith	1776–1778
Jonathan B. Smith	1777–1778
Thomas Smith	1781–1782
George Taylor	1776
Thomas Willing	1775–1776
James Wilson	1775–1777, 1783, 1785–1787
Henry Wynkoop	1779–1782
Elected from Pennsylania but did not serve: Matthew Clarkson, William Montgomery.
RHODE ISLAND
Jonathan Arnold	1782–1784
Peleg Arnold	1787–1789
John Collins	1778–1783
Ezekiel Cornell	1780–1782
William Ellery	1776–1785
John Gardiner	1788–1789
Jonathan J. Hazard	1788
Stephen Hopkins	1774–1777
David Howell	1782–1785
James Manning	1785–1786
Henry Marchant	1777–1779
Nathan Miller	1785–1786
Daniel Mowry, Jr.	1781
James M. Varnum	1781, 1787
Samuel Ward	1774–1776
Elected from Rode Island but did not serve: none.
SOUTH CAROLINA
Robert Barnwell	1788–1789
Thomas Bee	1780–1782
Richard Beresford	1783–1784
John Bull	1784–1787
Pierce Butler	1787–1788
William H. Drayton	1778–1779
Nicholas Eveleigh	1781–1782
Christopher Gadsden	1774–1776
John L. Gervais	1782–1783
Thomas Heyward, Jr.	1776–1778

Member	Years served
SOUTH CAROLINA [CONTINUED]
Daniel Huger	1786–1788
Richard Hutson	1778–1779
Ralph Izard	1782–1783
John Kean	1785–1787
Francis Kinloch	1780
Henry Laurens	1777–1780
Thomas Lynch, Sr.	1774–1776
Thomas Lynch, Jr.	1776
John Mathews	1778–1782
Arthur Middleton	1776–1777, 1781–1782
Henry Middleton	1774–1776
Isaac Motte	1780–1782
John Parker	1786–1788
Charles Pinckney	1784–1787
David Ramsay	1782–1783, 1785–1786
Jacob Read	1783–1785
Edward Rutledge	1774–1776
John Rutledge	1774–1775, 1782–1783
Thomas T. Tucker	1787–1788
Elected from South Carolina but did not serve: Paul Trapier, Rawlins Lowndes, Alexander Gillon, William Moultrie, Thomas Sumter.
VIRGINIA
Thomas Adams	1778–1779
John Banister	1778
Richard Bland	1774–1775
Theodorick Bland	1781–1783
Carter Braxton	1776
John Brown	1787–1788
Edward Carrington	1785–1787
John Dawson	1788
William Fitzhugh	1779
William Fleming	1779–1780
William Grayson	1785–1787
Cyrus Griffin	1778–1780, 1787–1788
Samuel Hardy	1783–1785
Benjamin Harrison	1774–1777
John Harvie	1777–1779
James Henry	1780–1781
Patrick Henry	1774–1775
Thomas Jefferson	1775–1776, 1783–1784
Joseph Jones	1780–1783
Arthur Lee	1782–1784
Francis Lightfoot Lee	1775–1779
Henry Lee	1786–1788
Richard Henry Lee	1774–1780, 1784–1787
James Madison	1780–1783, 1787–1788
James Mercer	1779–1780
John F. Mercer	1783–1784
James Monroe	1783–1786
Thomas Nelson, Jr.	1775–1777, 1779
Mann Page	1777
Edmund Pendleton	1774–1775
Edmund Randolph	1779, 1781–1782
Peyton Randolph	1774–1775
Meriwether Smith	1778–1781
John Walker	1780
George Washington	1774–1775
George Wythe	1775–1776
Elected from Virginia but did not serve: Gabriel Jones, John Blair.

Appendix III: Members of the British Cabinet
	Period of service
First Lord off the Treasury (Prime Minister)
Thomas Holles, Duke of Newcastle	June 1757–May 1762
John Stuart, Earl of Bute	May 1762–April 1763
George Grenville	April 1763–July 1765
Charles Wentworth, Marquis of Rockingham	July 1765–July 1766; March–July 1782
William Pitt, Earl of Chatham	August 1766–October 1768
Augustus FitzRoy, Duke of Grafton	October 1768–January 1770
Frederick, Lord North	February 1770–March 1782
William Petty, Earl of Shelburne	July 1782–March 1783
William Bentinck, Duke of Portland	April–December 1783
Lord President of the Council
John Carteret, Earl Granville	1751–January 1763
John Russell, Duke of Bedford	September 1763–July 1765
Daniel Finch, Earl of Winchilsea and Nottingham	July 1765–July 1766
Robert Henley, Earl of Northington	July 1766–December 1767
Granville, Lord Gower	December 1767–November 1779
Henry, Earl Bathurst	November 1779–March 1782
Charles Pratt, Lord Camden	March 1782–March 1783
David Murray, Viscount Stormont	April-December 1783
Secretary of State for the Northern Department
Robert D'Arcy, Earl of Holderness	1754–March 1761
John Stuart, Earl of Bute	March 1761–May 1762
George Grenville	May-October 1762
George Dunk, Earl of Halifax	October 1762–September 1763; January-June 1771
John Montagu, Earl of Sandwich	September 1763–July 1765
Augustus FitzRoy, Duke of Grafton	July-May 1765
General Henry S. Conway	May 1766–January 1768
Thomas Thynne, Viscount Weymouth	January-October 1768
William van Zuylestein, Earl of Rochford	October 1768–December 1770
Henry Howard, Earl of Suffolk	June 1771–March 1779
David Murray, Viscount Stormont	October 1779–March 1782
Secretary of State for the Southern Department
William Pitt, Earl of Chatham	1757–October 1761
Charles Wyndham, Earl of Egremont	October 1761–August
George Dunk, Earl of Halifax	September 1763–July 1765
General Henry S. Conway	July 1765–May 1766
Charles Lennox, Duke of Richmond	May-July 1766
William Petty, Earl of Shelburne	August 1766–October 1768
Thomas Thynne, Viscount Weymouth	October 1768–December 1770; November 1775–November 1779
William van Zuylestein, Earl of Rochford	December 1770–October 1775
Wills Hill, Earl of Hillsborough	November 1779–March 1782
Secretary of State for the American Colonies
Wills Hill, Earl of Hillsborough	January 1768–August 1772
William Legge, Earl of Dartmouth	August 1772–Novermber 1775
George Germain, Viscount Sackville	November 1775–February 1782
Welbore Ellis	February-March 1782
Secretary of State for Home and Colonial Affairs
William Petty, Earl of Shelburne	March-July 1782
Thomas Townshend, Baron Sydney	July 1782–April 1783
Frederick, Lord North	April-December 1783
"Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs"
Charles James Fox	March-July 1782; April-December 1783
Thomas Robinson, Baron Grantham	July 1782–April 1783
Lord Chancellor
Robert Henley, Earl of Northington	1757–July 1766
Charles Pratt, Lord Camden	July 1766–January 1770
Charles Yorke	January 1770
Henry, Earl Bathurst	January 1771–April 1778
Edward, Lord Thurlow	June 1778–1792
Chancellor of the Exchequer
Henry B. Leffe	1757–March 1761
William, Viscount Barrington	March 1761–May 1762
Francis Dashwood, Baron Le Despencer	May 1762–April 1763
George Grenville	April 1763–July 1765
William Dowdeswell	July 1765–July 1766
Charles Townshend	July 1766–September 1767
William Murray, Earl of Mansfield	September-October 1767
Frederick, Lord North	October 1767–March 1782
Lord John Cavendish	April-July 1782; April-December 1783
William Pitt	July 1782–April 1783
First Lord of the Admiralty
George, Baron Anson	March 1761–June 1762
George Dunk, Earl of Halifax	June 1762–January 1763
George Grenville	January-April 1763
John Montagu, Earl of Sandwich	April-September 1763; January 1771–March 1782
John Perceval, Earl of Egmont	September 1763–September 1766
Sir Charles Saunders	September-December 1766
Sir Edward Hawke	December 1766–January 1771
Augustus, Viscount Keppel	March-December 1782; April-December 1783
Richard, Earl Howe	January-April 1783
Commander in Chief
John, Earl of Ligonier	1759–August 1766
John Manners, Marquess of Granby	August 1766–January 1770
Jeffrey, Baron Amherst	January 1778–March 1782
General Henry S. Conway	March 1782–December 1783
Master General of the Ordnance
John, Earl of Ligonier	1759–1763
John Manners, Marquess of Granby	July 1763–January 1770
George, Marquess Townshend	1772–March 1782
Charles Lennox, Duke of Richmond	March 1782–1795
Secretary at War
William, Viscount Barrington	1755–March 1761; July 1765–December 1778
Charles Townshend	March 1761–December 1762
Welbore Ellis	January 1763–July 1765
Charles Jenkinson	December 1778–March 1782
Thomas Townshend, Viscount Sydney	March-July 1782
Sir George Yonge	July 1782–April 1783
Richard Fitzpatrick	April-December 1783
President of the Board of Trade
George Dunk, Earl of Halifax	October 1757–March 1761
Samuel, Baron Sandys	March 1761–March 1763
Charles Townshend	March-April 1763
William Petty, Earl of Shelburne	April-September 1763
Wills Hill, Earl of Hillsborough	September 1763–July 1765; August-December 1766; January 1768–August 1772
William Legge, Earl of Dartmouth	July 1765–August 1766; August 1772–November 1775
Robert C. Nugent, Viscount Clare	December 1766–January 1768
George Germain, Viscount Sackville	November 1775–November 1779
Frederick Howard, Earl of Carlisle	November 1779–September 1780
Thomas Robinson, Baron Grantham	December 1780–June 1782

Appendix IV: Continental Army, General Offices
		Appointed	End of Service
General in Chief
Washington, George	Virginia	15-Jun-75	23-Dec-83	resign
Major Generals
1. Ward, Artemas	Massachusetts	17-Jun 75	23-Apr 76	resign
2. Lee, Charles	Virginia	17-Jun 75	10-Jan 80	resign
3. Schuyler, Philip John	New York	19-Jun 75	19-Apr 79	resign
4. Putnam, Israel	Connecticut	19-Jun 75	3 Jun 83	resign
5. Montgomery, Richard	New York	9 Dec 75 from 3 bg	31-Dec 75	killed
6. Thomas, John	Massachusetts	6 Mar 76 from 2 bg	2 Jun 76	died
7. Gates, Horatio	Virginia	16-May 76 from 1 bg	3 Nov 83	resign
8. Heath, William	Massachusetts	9 Aug 76 from 5 bg	3 Nov 83	resign
9. Spencer, Joseph	Connecticut	9 Aug 76 from 6 bg	13-Jan 78	resign
10. Sullivan, John	New Hampshire	9 Aug 76 from 7 bg	30-Nov 79	resign
11. Greene, Nathanael	Rhode Island	9 Aug 76 from 8 bg	3 Nov 83	resign
12. Arnold, Benedict	Connecticut	17-Feb 77 from 10 bg	25-Sep 80	traitor
13. Alexander, William (Lord Stirling)	New York	19-Feb 77 from 15 bg	15-Jan 83	resign
14. Mifflin, Thomas	Pennsylvania	19-Feb 77 from 18 bg	25-Feb 79	resign
15. St. Clair, Arthur	Pennsylvania	19-Feb 77 from 22 bg	3 Nov 83	resign
16. Stephen, Adam	Virginia	19-Feb 77 from 26 bg	20-Nov 77	resign
17. Lincoln, Benjamin	Massachusetts	19-Feb 77	29-Oct 83	resign
18. Lafayette, Marquis De	France	31-Jul 77	3 Nov 83	resign
19. Tronson de Coudray, Philippe	France	11-Aug 77	15-Sep 77	drowned
20. De Kalb, Johann	France	15-Sep 77	19-Aug 80	killed
21. Howe, Robert	North Carolina	20-Oct 77 from 16 bg	3 Nov 83	resign
22. McDougall, Alexander	New York	20-Oct 77 from 23 bg	3 Nov 83	resign
23. Conway, Thomas	France	13-Dec 77 from 50 bg	28-Apr 78	resign
24. Steuben, Friedrich	Germany	5 May 78	15-Apr 84	resign
25. Smallwood, William	Maryland	15-Sep 80 from 31 bg	3 Nov 83	resign
26. Parsons, Samuel Holden	Connecticut	23-Oct 80 from 24 bg	22-Jul 82	resign
27. Knox, Henry	Massachusetts	15-Nov 81 from 34 bg	20-Jun 84	resign
28. LeBegue DePresle Duportail, Louis	France	16-Nov 81 from 53 bg	10-Oct 83	resign
29. Moultrie, William	South Carolina	15-Oct 82 from 28 bg	3 Nov 83	resign
Brigadier Generals
1. Gates, Horatio	Virginia	17-Jun 75	16-May 76	to 7 mg
2. Thomas, John	Massachusetts	22-Jun 75	6 Mar 76	to 6 mg
3. Montgomery, Richard	New York	22-Jun 75	9 Dec 75	to 3 mg
4. Wooster, David	Connecticut	22-Jun 75	2 May 77	died
5. Heath, William	Massachusetts	22-Jun 75	9 Aug 76	to 8 mg
6. Spencer, Joseph	Connecticut	22-Jun 75	9 Aug 76	to 9 mg
7. Sullivan, John	New Hampshire	22-Jun 75	9 Aug 76	to 10 mg
8. Greene, Nathanael	Rhode Island	22-Jun 75	9 Aug 76	to 11 mg
9. Frye, Joseph	Massachusetts	10-Jan 76	23-Apr 76	resign
10. Arnold, Benedict	Connecticut	10-Jan 76	17-Feb 77	to 12 mg
11. Armstrong, John Sr.	Pennsylvania	1 Mar 76	4 Apr 77	resign
12. Thompson, William	Pennsylvania	1 Mar 76	3 Sep 1781	died
13. Lewis, Andrew	Virginia	1 Mar 76	15-Apr 77	resign
14. Moore, James	North Carolina	1 Mar 76	9 Apr 77	died
15. Alexander, William (Lord Stirling)	New York	1 Mar 76	19-Feb 77	to 13 mg
16. Howe, Robert	North Carolina	1 Mar 76		to 21 mg
17. Woedtke, Frederick, Baron De	France
18. Mifflin, Thomas	Pennsylvania			to 14 mg
19. Mercer, Hugh	Virginia
20. Reed, James	New Hampshire
21. Nixon, John	Massachusetts
22. St. Clair, Arthur	Pennsylvania			to 15 mg
23. McDougall, Alexander	New York			to 22 mg
24. Parsons, Samuel Holden	Connecticut			to 26 mg
25. Clinton, James	New York
26. Stephen, Adam	Virginia			to 16 mg
27. Gadsden, Christopher	South Carolina
28. Moultrie, William	South Carolina			to 29 mg
29. McIntosh, Lachlan	Georgia
30. Maxwell, William	New Jersey
31. Smallwood, William	Maryland			to 25 mg

Appendix IV: Continental Army, General Offices [CONT]
		Appointed	End of Service
Note: mg = Major General, bg = Brigadier General
32. Fermoy, Matthias	France
33. Preudhomme DeBorre, Phillipe	France
34. Knox, Henry	Massachusetts			to 27 mg
35. Nash, Francis	North Carolina
36. Poor, Enoch	New Hampshire
37. Glover, John	Massachusetts
38. Paterson, John	Massachusetts
39. Wayne, Anthony	Pennsylvania
40. Varnum, James Mitchell	Rhode Island
41. deHaas, John P.	Pennsylvania
42. Woodford, William	Virginia
43. Muhlenberg, John Peter Gabriel	Virginia
44. Weedon, George	Virginia
45. Clinton, George	New York
46. Hand, Edward	Pennsylvania
47. Scott, Charles	Virginia
48. Learned, Ebenezer	Massachusetts
49. Huntington, Jedidiah	Connecticut
50. Conway, Thomas	France			to 23 mg
51. Pulaski, Casimir	Poland
52. Stark, John	New Hampshire
53. LeBegue DePresle Duportail, Louis	France			to 28 mg
54. Sumner, Jethro	North Carolina
55. Hogun, James	North Carolina
56. Huger, Isaac	South Carolina
57. Gist, Mordecai	Maryland
58. Irvine, William	Pennsylvania
59. Morgan, Daniel	Virginia
60. Williams, Otho Holland	Maryland
61. Greaton, John	Massachusetts
62. Putnam, Rufus	Massachusetts
63. Dayton, Elias	New Jersey
64. Armand, Charles	France

Appendix V: British Regiments
Unit	Alternate unit name	Date	Year	Location	Date	Fate/Destination
¹Part not interned at Yorktown left Charleston in 1782: 23rd, 33rd, and 71st.			SOURCE: Anthony D. Darling, Red Coat and Brown Bess, Museum Restorationn Service (Ottawa, Ontario), 1970, pp. 55-57
Guards (single battalion drawn from the three Guards regiments)
1st Gds		July	1776	New York	1781	interned, Yorktown
2nd Gds	Coldstream	July	1776	New York	1781	interned, Yorktown
3rd Gds		July	1776	New York	1781	interned, Yorktown
Regiments of Foot
3rd	Buffs	June	1781	Charleston	1782	West Indies
4th	King's Own	June	1774	Boston	1778	West Indies
5th		July	1774	Boston	1778	West Indies
6th		October	1776	New York	1776	drafted
7th	Royal Fusiliers	July	1773	Canada	1783	British Isles
8th	King's		1768	Canada	1785	British Isles
9th		May	1776	Canada	1777	interned, Saratoga
10th			1767	Canada	1778	drafted
14th			1766	Halifax	1777	drafted
15th		May	1776	Cape Fear	1778	West Indies
16th			1767	New York	1782	drafted
17th		December	1775	Boston	1781	interned, Yorktown
18th	Royal Irish		1767	Philadelphia	1775	drafted
19th		June	1781	Charleston	1782	West Indies
20th		May	1776	Quebec	1777	interned, Saratoga
21st	Royal North British Fusiliers	May	1776	Quebec	1777	interned, Saratoga
22nd		July	1775	Boston	1783	British Isles
23rd	Royal Welsh Fusiliers		1773	New York	1781	interned, Yorktown¹
24th		May	1776	Quebec	1777	interned, Saratoga
26th	Cameronians		1767	New Jersey	1779	drafted
27th	Enniskillens	October	1775	Boston	1778	West Indies
28th		May	1776	Cape Fear	1778	West Indies
29th		May	1776	Quebec	1787	British Isles
30th		June	1781	Charleston	1782	West Indies
31st		May	1776	Quebec	1787	British Isles
33rd		May	1776	Cape Fear	1781	interned, Yorktown¹
34th		May	1776	Quebec	1786	British Isles
35th		June	1775	Boston	1778	West Indies
37th		May	1776	Cape Fear	1783	left New York
38th		July	1774	Boston	1783	left New York
40th		1. June	1775	Boston	1778	West Indies
		2. September	1781	New York	1783	left New York
42nd	Royal Highland Regiment	July	1776	New York	1783	left New York
43rd		June	1774	Boston	1781	interned, Yorktown
44th		June	1775	Boston	1780	Canada
45th		July	1775	Boston	1778	drafted
46th		May	1776	Cape Fear	1778	West Indies
47th			1773	New Jersey	1777	interned, Saratoga
49th		June	1775	Boston	1778	West Indies
52nd		October	1774	Boston	1778	drafted
53rd		May	1776	Cape Fear	1777	interned, Saratoga
54th		May	1776	Cape Fear	1783	left New York
55th		December	1775	Boston	1778	West Indies
57th		May	1776	Cape Fear	1783	left New York
59th			1765	Halifax	1775	drafted
60th	Royal American Regiment: 1st Battalion 2nd Battalion 3rd Battalion, raised 1775 4th Battalion, raised 1775
62nd		May	1776	Quebec	1777	interned, Saratoga
63rd		June	1775	Boston	1782	West Indies
64th			1768	Boston	1782	West Indies
65th			1768	Boston	1776	drafted
69th		September	1781	New York (6wks)	1781	West Indies
70th		August	1778	Halifax

Appendix V: British Regiments [CONT]
Unit	Alternate unit name	Date	Year	Location	Date	Fate/Destination
¹Part not interned at Yorktown left Charleston in 1782: 23rd, 33rd, and 71st.			SOURCE: Anthony D. Darling, Red Coat and Brown Bess, Museum Restorationn Service (Ottawa, Ontario), 1970, pp. 55-57
Newly Raised
71st	Fraser's Highlanders	1776	July	New York	1781	interned, Yorktown¹
74th	Argyll Highlanders	1778	August	Halifax
76th	MacDonald's Highlanders	1779		New York	1781	interned, Yorktown
80th	Royal Edinburgh Volunteers	1779		New York	1781	interned, Yorktown
82nd	Duke of Hamilton's Regiment	1778	August	Halifax	1781	interned, Yorktown 1co
					1782	left Charleston 3 cos
Newly Raised in America
84th=1779	Royal Highland Emigrants 1st Battalion 2nd Battalion	1775		CANADA
105th=1782	King's Irish Regiment	1778		AMERICA	1782	left Charleston
Light Dragoons
16th LD	Queen's Light Dragoons	1776	July	New York	1778	drafted
17th LD		1775	June	Boston	1783	British Isles