| National Parks and Monuments |
| BF
|
Battlefield
|
| BP
|
Battlefield Park
|
| BS
|
Battlefield Site
|
| HP
|
Historical Park
|
| HS
|
Historic Site
|
| HT
|
Historic Trail
|
| IS
|
International Historic Site
|
| LS
|
Lakeshore
|
| MM
|
Memorial
|
| MO
|
Monument
|
| MP
|
Military Park
|
| MR
|
Monument and Preserve
|
| NR
|
Reserve
|
| NP
|
Park
|
| PA
|
Preserve and Addition
|
| PE
|
Park and Expansion
|
| PO
|
Park, other
|
| PP
|
Park and Preserve
|
| PS
|
Preserve
|
| PW
|
Parkway
|
| RA
|
Recreation Area
|
| RI
|
River
|
| RR
|
River and Recreation Area
|
| SS
|
Seashore
|
| ST
|
Scenic Trail
|
| WS
|
Wild or Scenic River or Riverway
|
|
| National Parks |
| Name
|
Type
|
Location
|
Year authorized
|
Sizeacres (hectares)
|
Description
| |
| Acadia
|
NP
|
SE Maine
|
1919
|
48,419 (19,603)
|
Mountain and coast scenery.
|
| American Samoa
|
NP
|
American Samoa
|
1988
|
9,000 (3,645)
|
Two rain forest preserves and a coral reef.
|
| Arches
|
NP
|
E Utah
|
1929
|
76,519 (30,979)
|
Giant arches formed by erosion; designated a national park in 1971.
|
| Badlands
|
NP
|
SW S.Dak.
|
1929
|
242,756 (98,316)
|
Gullies, ridges, and other erosional landforms; fossils. See badlands.
|
| Big Bend
|
NP
|
W Tex.
|
1935
|
801,163 (324,471)
|
Canyons and desert plain on the Rio Grande; Chisos Mts. Designated a national park in 1944.
|
| Biscayne
|
NP
|
SE Fla.
|
1968
|
172,924 (70,010)
|
Aquatic park encompassing 25 islands. Example of a living coral reef; includes part of Biscayne Bay. Enlarged and designated a national park in 1980.
|
| Black Canyon of the Gunnison
|
NP
|
W Colo.
|
1933
|
30,300 (12,272)
|
Deep, narrow canyon of the Gunnison River, named for its dark-colored walls, which are always in shadow; designated a national park in 1999.
|
| Bryce Canyon
|
NP
|
SW Utah
|
1924
|
35,835 (14,513)
|
Canyon with colored walls and rock formations.
|
| Canyonlands
|
NP
|
SE Utah
|
1964
|
337,598 (136,679)
|
Rocks, spires, and mesas; Native American rock art and ruins.
|
| Capitol Reef
|
NP
|
S Utah
|
1937
|
241,904 (97,971)
|
Highly colored sandstone cliffs dissected by gorges; named for a white, dome-shaped rock.
|
| Carlsbad Caverns
|
NP
|
SE N.Mex.
|
1923
|
46,766 (18,940)
|
Great limestone caverns. Designated a national park in 1930.
|
| Cuyahoga Valley
|
NP
|
NE Ohio
|
1974
|
32,950 (13,334)
|
Preserves rural character of Cuyahoga River Valley.
|
| Channel Islands
|
NP
|
SW Calif.
|
1938
|
249,354 (100,988)
|
Part of the Santa Barbara Islands. Nesting sea birds, sea lions, and unique plants.
|
| Crater Lake
|
NP
|
SW Oreg.
|
1902
|
183,224 (74,206)
|
Blue lake in a volcanic crater.
|
| Congaree
|
NP
|
Central S.C.
|
1976
|
21,888 (8,862)
|
Last significant tract of southern bottomland hardwood forest in the United States.
|
| Death Valley
|
NP
|
SE Calif., SW Nev.
|
1933
|
3,367,628 (1,363,412)
|
Lowest point in Western Hemisphere; desert environment.
|
| Denali
|
PP
|
S Alaska
|
1917
|
6,075,690 (2,459,794)
|
Contains Mt. McKinley (Denali), North America's highest mountain (20,237 ft/6,168 m); wildlife preserve.
|
| Dry Tortugas
|
NP
|
S Fla.
|
1935
|
64,701 (26,195)
|
Contains Fort Jefferson, the largest all-masonry fort in the Western Hemisphere, built 1846. See Dry Tortugas.
|
| Everglades
|
PE
|
S Fla.
|
1934
|
1,508,580 (610,761)
|
Subtropical wilderness with prairies, mangroves, great variety of birds. See Everglades.
|
| Gates of the Arctic
|
PP
|
N Alaska
|
1978
|
8,472,527 (3,430,173)
|
Vast wilderness within the Arctic Circle.
|
| Glacier
|
NP
|
NW Mont.
|
1910
|
1,013,572 (410,497)
|
Glaciers, forests, and lakes; on the Continental Divide.
|
| Glacier Bay
|
PP
|
SE Alaska
|
1925
|
3,283,246 (1,329,249)
|
Glaciers, ice displays.
|
| Grand Canyon
|
NP
|
NW Ariz.
|
1908
|
1,217,403 (492,876)
|
Great gorge of the Colorado River. See Grand Canyon.
|
| Grand Teton
|
NP
|
NW Wyo.
|
1929
|
309,993 (125,503)
|
Scenic portion of the Teton Range; Jackson Hole.
|
| Great Basin
|
NP
|
Nev.
|
1986
|
77,180 (31,258)
|
Features Lehman Caves, an ice field on Wheeler Peak, ancient bristlecone pines, and a limestone arch. See Great Basin.
|
| Great Sand Dunes
|
PP
|
S Colo.
|
1932
|
84,670 (34,257)
|
Large, high sand dunes in the Sangre de Cristo Mts.
|
| Great Smoky Mountains
|
NP
|
N.C., Tenn.
|
1926
|
521,621 (211,183)
|
Wild, beautiful area in the Great Smoky Mountains.
|
| Guadalupe Mountains
|
NP
|
W Tex.
|
1966
|
86,416 (34,998)
|
Mountain region; contains a limestone fossil reef.
|
| Haleakala
|
NP
|
Maui Island, Hawaii
|
1916
|
29,824 (12,074)
|
Haleakala crater; rare and endangered species.
|
| Hawaii Volcanoes
|
NP
|
Hawaii Island, Hawaii
|
1916
|
209,695 (84,926)
|
Volcanic region; lush vegetation.
|
| Hot Springs
|
NP
|
W central Ark.
|
1921
|
5,549 (2,247)
|
Mineral springs.
|
| Isle Royale
|
NP
|
NW Mich.
|
1931
|
571,790 (231,575)
|
Forested island in Lake Superior.
|
| Joshua Tree
|
NP
|
S Calif.
|
1936
|
1,022,703 (414,050)
|
Rare Joshua trees, or
"praying plants"
; named by Mormons because of upstretched arms.
|
| Katmai
|
PP
|
SE Alaska
|
1918
|
4,093,229 (1,657,178)
|
Deep forest with lakes and active volcanoes.
|
| Kenai Fjords
|
NP
|
S Alaska
|
1978
|
669,983 (271,248)
|
Wilderness preserve, vast ice fields, fjords, and outflowing glaciers.
|
| Kings Canyon
|
NP
|
E central Calif.
|
1890
|
461,901 (187,070)
|
Canyons, peaks, sequoias.
|
| Kobuk Valley
|
NP
|
NW Alaska
|
1978
|
1,750,737 (709,048)
|
A wildlife preserve north of the Arctic Circle; archaeological remnants of 10,000 years of human habitation.
|
| Lake Clark
|
PP
|
S Alaska
|
1978
|
4,030,058 (1,631,602)
|
Waterfalls, tundra, and active volcanoes.
|
| Lassen Volcanic
|
NP
|
N Calif.
|
1907
|
106,372 (43,081)
|
Volcanic peaks and lava formations.
|
| Mammoth Cave
|
NP
|
Central Ky.
|
1926
|
52,830 (21,396)
|
Longest recorded cave system in the world.
|
| Mesa Verde
|
NP
|
SW Colo.
|
1906
|
52,122 (21,109)
|
Prehistoric cliff dwellings.
|
| Mount Rainier
|
NP
|
SW Wash.
|
1899
|
235,625 (95,395)
|
Volcanic peak and glaciers; subalpine meadows.
|
| North Cascades
|
NP
|
N Wash.
|
1968
|
504,781 (204,436)
|
Area of noted alpine scenery in the Cascade Range; bisected by Ross Lake National Recreation Area.
|
| Olympic
|
NP
|
NW Wash.
|
1909
|
922,651 (373,674)
|
Rain forests and glaciers in the Olympic Mountains.
|
| Petrified Forest
|
NP
|
E Ariz.
|
1906
|
93,533 (37,881)
|
Petrified logs; portions of the Painted Desert.
|
| Pinnacles
|
NP
|
W Calif.
|
1908
|
26,006 (10,524)
|
Rock spires from 500 to 1,200 ft (150 to 365 m) high; caves.
|
| Redwood
|
NP
|
NW Calif.
|
1968
|
112,430 (45,518)
|
Coastal redwood forests.
|
| Rocky Mountain
|
NP
|
Central Colo.
|
1915
|
265,723 (107,580)
|
Scenic Rocky Mountains region on the Continental Divide; many high, snowcapped peaks.
|
| Saguaro
|
NP
|
SE Ariz.
|
1933
|
91,443 (37,021)
|
Saguaro, other cacti, varied desert growth.
|
| Sequoia
|
NP
|
E Calif.
|
1890
|
402,510 (162,960)
|
Groves of giant sequoias.
|
| Shenandoah
|
NP
|
N Va.
|
1926
|
198,081 (80,195)
|
Forested region of the Blue Ridge Mts.
|
| Theodore Roosevelt
|
NP
|
W N.Dak.
|
1947
|
70,447 (28,531)
|
Part of Roosevelt's Elkhorn Ranch; badlands along the Little Missouri River.
|
| Virgin Islands
|
NP
|
Virgin Islands, on St. John
|
1956
|
14,689 (5,949)
|
Unusual scenery, marine life, coral gardens; ruins of Danish colonial sugar plantations.
|
| Voyageurs
|
NP
|
N Minn.
|
1971
|
218,200 (88,340)
|
Scenic northern lakes region; interesting glacial features and history.
|
| Wind Cave
|
NP
|
SW S.Dak.
|
1903
|
28,295 (11,459)
|
Limestone caverns in the Black Hills.
|
| Wrangell–St. Elias
|
PP
|
SW Alaska
|
1978
|
13,176,371 (5,334,563)
|
Largest unit in the National Park System; numerous peaks over 16,000 ft (4,900 m), abundant wildlife.
|
| Yellowstone
|
NP
|
Wyo., Mont., Idaho
|
1872
|
2,219,791 (899,015)
|
Geysers and hot springs, Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone; first national park.
|
| Yosemite
|
NP
|
E Central Calif.
|
1890
|
761,266 (308,205)
|
Mountain region with Yosemite Valley.
|
| Zion
|
NP
|
SW Utah
|
1909
|
146,592 (59,349)
|
Multicolored canyon in a desert region.
|
|
| National Monuments |
| Name
|
Type
|
Location
|
Year authorized
|
Sizeacres (hectares)
|
Description
| |
| Agate Fossil Beds
|
MO
|
NW Nebr.
|
1965
|
3,055 (1,237)
|
World-famous quarries containing numerous well-preserved Miocene mammal fossils; museum of Native American artifacts.
|
| Agua Fria
|
MO
|
Central Ariz.
|
2000
|
71,100 (28,796)
|
A Native American settlement system dating to AD 1250–1450, spread over two mesas and the Agua Fria River canyon; more than 450 sites with pueblos, stone forts, and petroglyphs.
|
| Alibates Flint Quarries
|
MO
|
NW Tex.
|
1965
|
1,371 (555)
|
Flint quarries, first worked by Native Americans c.10,000 years ago; rich archaeological and historic area.
|
| Aniakchak
|
MR
|
SW Alaska
|
1978
|
602,779 (244,040)
|
Volcano; wilderness and wildlife preserve.
|
| Aztec Ruins
|
MO
|
NW N.Mex.
|
1923
|
319 (129)
|
Ruins of a Pueblo town.
|
| Bandelier
|
MO
|
N N.Mex.
|
1916
|
33,677 (13,634)
|
Ruins of 13th-century Pueblo cliff dwellings.
|
| Booker T. Washington
|
MO
|
Central Va.
|
1956
|
224 (91)
|
Birthplace and childhood home of Booker T. Washington.
|
| Buck Island Reef
|
MO
|
Virgin Islands, on Buck Island
|
1961
|
880 (356)
|
One of the finest marine gardens in the Caribbean; bird rookeries and grottoes.
|
| Cabrillo
|
MO
|
SW Calif.
|
1913
|
137 (55)
|
Memorial to Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo.
|
| California Coastal
|
MO
|
W Calif.
|
2000
|
…
|
Thousands of islands, rocks, and reefs within 12 mi (19 km) of California's 840-mi (1,350-km) coastline as well as Point Arena-Stornetta on the mainland; includes nesting grounds of seabirds and marine mammals.
|
| Canyon de Chelly
|
MO
|
NE Ariz.
|
1931
|
83,840 (33,955)
|
Ruins of prehistoric Native American villages.
|
| Canyons of the Ancients
|
MO
|
SW Colo.
|
2000
|
164,000 (66,420)
|
Rugged landscape that is archaeologically rich, with some sites dating to 10,000 years ago; later pit houses, cliff dwellings, and pueblos.
|
| Cape Krusenstern
|
MO
|
Alaska
|
1978
|
649,182 (262,828)
|
Archaeological sites of indigenous communities dating back 4,000 years.
|
| Capulin Volcano
|
MO
|
NE N.Mex.
|
1916
|
793 (321)
|
Huge cinder cone of inactive volcano.
|
| Carrizo Plain
|
MO
|
W central Calif.
|
2001
|
204,000 (82,560)
|
Grasslands and wetlands, including akali Soda Lake, in Central Valley. Home to threatened or endangered species.
|
| Casa Grande
|
MO
|
S Ariz.
|
1892
|
473 (191)
|
Huge building built c.600 years ago, in the ruins of a Native American pueblo.
|
| Cascade-Siskiyou
|
MO
|
S central Oregon
|
2000
|
52,000 (21,060)
|
A biologically diverse and ecologically unique area that also includes Soda Mountain, Pilot Rock, and Siskiyou Pass.
|
| Castillo de San Marcos
|
MO
|
NE Fla.
|
1924
|
20 (8)
|
Old Spanish masonry fort in Saint Augustine, Fla.
|
| Castle Clinton
|
MO
|
SE N.Y.
|
1946
|
1 (.4)
|
See Battery, the.
|
| Cedar Breaks
|
MO
|
SW Utah
|
1933
|
6,155 (2,493)
|
Amphitheater (2,000 ft/610 m deep) formed by erosion.
|
| Chiricahua
|
MO
|
SE Ariz.
|
1924
|
11,985 (4,854)
|
Odd-shaped rock formations.
|
| Colorado
|
MO
|
W Colo.
|
1911
|
20,534 (8,313)
|
Huge monoliths and other unusual erosional features.
|
| Craters of the Moon
|
MO
|
S Idaho
|
1924
|
53,440 (21,636)
|
Volcanic cones, craters, fissures, lava flows.
|
| Devils Postpile
|
MO
|
E Calif.
|
1911
|
798 (323)
|
Basaltic columns, some 60 ft (18 m) high.
|
| Devils Tower
|
MO
|
NE Wyo.
|
1906
|
1,347 (546)
|
Volcanic rock tower; first national monument.
|
| Dinosaur
|
MO
|
Colo., Utah
|
1915
|
210,278 (85,133)
|
Rich quarries of well-preserved fossils.
|
| Effigy Mounds
|
MO
|
NE Iowa
|
1949
|
1,481 (600)
|
Outstanding examples of prehistoric Native American mounds.
|
| El Malpais
|
MO
|
N.Mex.
|
1987
|
114,277 (46,282)
|
In English,
"the badlands"
; volcanic area; also rich in Pueblo history.
|
| El Morro
|
MO
|
W N.Mex.
|
1906
|
1,279 (518)
|
Sandstone monolith with inscriptions of Spanish explorers and American pioneers.
|
| Florissant Fossil Beds
|
MO
|
Central Colo.
|
1969
|
5,998 (2,429)
|
Well-preserved insect, seed, and leaf fossils of the Oligocene period; petrified sequoia tree stumps.
|
| Fort Frederica
|
MO
|
SE Ga.
|
1936
|
241 (98)
|
Ruins of a fort built by James Oglethorpe on one of the Sea Islands.
|
| Fort McHenry
|
MO
|
N Md.
|
1925
|
43 (17)
|
See Fort McHenry.
|
| Fort Matanzas
|
MO
|
NE Fla.
|
1924
|
228 (92)
|
Spanish fort in Saint Augustine, Fla.
|
| Fort Pulaski
|
MO
|
SE Ga.
|
1924
|
5,623 (2,277)
|
Fort on Cockspur Island. See Fort Pulaski.
|
| Fort Stanwix
|
MO
|
Central N.Y.
|
1935
|
16 (6)
|
See Fort Stanwix.
|
| Fort Sumter
|
MO
|
SE S.C.
|
1948
|
195 (79)
|
Scene of the engagement that opened the Civil War. See Fort Sumter.
|
| Fort Union
|
MO
|
NW N.Mex.
|
1954
|
721 (292)
|
Ruins of a U.S. army fort on the Santa Fe Trail.
|
| Fossil Butte
|
MO
|
W Wyo.
|
1972
|
8,198 (3,320)
|
Area containing Paleocene-Eocene fossil fish.
|
| George Washington Birthplace
|
MO
|
E Va.
|
1930
|
627 (254)
|
Estate and reconstructed mansion. See Wakefield.
|
| George Washington Carver
|
MO
|
SW Mo.
|
1943
|
210 (85)
|
Birthplace and boyhood home of George Washington Carver.
|
| Giant Sequoia
|
MO
|
E Calif.
|
2000
|
328,000 (132,742)
|
Last remaining 34 groves of ancient sequoia trees within Sequoia National Forest.
|
| Gila Cliff Dwellings
|
MO
|
SW N.Mex.
|
1907
|
533 (216)
|
Well-preserved dwellings built by the Pueblo into a 150-ft (46-m) cliff.
|
| Governors Island
|
MO
|
SE N.Y.
|
2003
|
22 (9)
|
Early 1800s fortifications in New York harbor and their surroundings.
|
| Grand Canyon–Parashant
|
MO
|
NW Ariz.
|
2000
|
1,014,000 (410,670)
|
Canyons, mountains, and buttes on the W portion of the Grand Canyon's north rim. Prehistoric and 19th-century remains; rare condors and tortoises.
|
| Grand Portage
|
MO
|
NE Minn.
|
1951
|
710 (288)
|
9-mi (14-km) portage on the route to the Northwest used by explorers, missionaries, and fur traders.
|
| Grand Staircase-Escalante
|
MO
|
S Utah
|
1996
|
1,700,000 (688,000)
|
Rock formations; natural arches and bridges; prehistoric dwellings and rock art; fossil sites.
|
| Hagerman Fossil Beds
|
MO
|
S Idaho
|
1988
|
4,351 (1,762)
|
Fossils dating from the Pliocene era.
|
| Hanford Reach
|
MO
|
S central Wash.
|
2000
|
195,000 (78,975)
|
Free-flowing nontidal stretch of the Columbia River with salmon spawing grounds and the shrub-steppe ecosystem originally typical of the river basin.
|
| Hohokam Pima
|
MO
|
Central Ariz.
|
1972
|
1,690 (684)
|
Archaeological remains of the Hohokam culture.
|
| Homestead
|
MO
|
SE Nebr.
|
1936
|
195 (79)
|
Site of the first farm claimed under the Homestead Act.
|
| Honouliuli
|
MO
|
Oahu, Hawaii
|
2015
|
…
|
Site of a World War II internment and prisoner of war camp that held Japanese and European American citizens and immigrants.
|
| Hovenweep
|
MO
|
Utah, Colo.
|
1923
|
785 (318)
|
Prehistoric Native American pueblos and cliff dwellings.
|
| Ironwood Forest
|
MO
|
S Ariz.
|
2000
|
129,000 (52,245)
|
Mountainous desert landscape with large stands of ironwood trees; saguaro forests and bighorn sheep; historic Hohokam sites.
|
| Jewel Cave
|
MO
|
SW S.Dak.
|
1908
|
1,274 (516)
|
Limestone caves with chambers connected by narrow passages; in the Black Hills.
|
| John Day Fossil Beds
|
MO
|
N central Oregon
|
1974
|
14,014 (5,676)
|
Consists of Sheep Rock, Painted Hills, and Clarno locations. Its rich fossil remains extend over four prehistoric periods.
|
| Kasha-Katuwe Tent Rocks
|
MO
|
N central N.Mex.
|
2001
|
4,114 (1,665)
|
Canyons, cliffs, and cone-shaped rock formations with nesting birds.
|
| Lava Beds
|
MO
|
N Calif.
|
1925
|
46,560 (18,857)
|
Examples of volcanism; scene of Modoc uprising.
|
| Little Bighorn Battlefield
|
MO
|
SE Mont.
|
1879
|
765 (310)
|
Site of the battle between five companies of the Seventh Cavalry, commanded by George Armstrong Custer, and the Sioux and Cheyenne.
|
| Minidoka Internment
|
MO
|
S Idaho
|
2001
|
73 (30)
|
Site of a World War II internment camp for Japanese Americans. See relocation center.
|
| Montezuma Castle
|
MO
|
Central Ariz.
|
1906
|
858 (347)
|
Well-preserved prehistoric cliff dwellings.
|
| Muir Woods
|
MO
|
W Calif.
|
1908
|
554 (224)
|
Virgin stand of coastal redwoods.
|
| Natural Bridges
|
MO
|
SE Utah
|
1908
|
7,636 (3,093)
|
Three huge natural sandstone bridges.
|
| Navajo
|
MO
|
NE Ariz.
|
1909
|
360 (146)
|
Ruins of large cliff dwellings.
|
| Newberry
|
MO
|
Central Oregon
|
1990
|
50,500 (20,453)
|
Caldera of a 500 sq mi (1,300 sq km) volcano, with lava flows, cinder cones, and the Lava Cast Forest.
|
| Ocmulgee
|
MO
|
Central Ga.
|
1934
|
702 (284)
|
Remains of prehistoric temple mounds.
|
| Oregon Caves
|
MO
|
SW Oreg.
|
1909
|
488 (198)
|
Limestone caverns with four levels; rock formations.
|
| Organ Pipe Cactus
|
MO
|
S Ariz.
|
1937
|
330,689 (133,929)
|
Unique Sonoran Desert plants and animals.
|
| Petroglyph
|
MO
|
N.Mex.
|
1990
|
7,232 (2,928)
|
More than 15,000 prehistoric and historic Native American and Hispanic petroglyphs and rock art carvings.
|
| Pipe Spring
|
MO
|
NW Ariz.
|
1923
|
40 (16)
|
Spring first visited by the Mormons; old fort.
|
| Pipestone
|
MO
|
SW Minn.
|
1937
|
282 (114)
|
Quarry that was a source for Native American peace pipes; park includes Upper Midwest Indian Cultural Center.
|
| Pompeys Pillar
|
MO
|
S central Mont.
|
2001
|
51 (21)
|
Large sandstone butte on Yellowstone River with inscription by William Clark.
|
| Poverty Point
|
MO
|
NE La.
|
1988
|
911 (369)
|
Remains of a 2d millenium BC culture.
|
| President Lincoln and Soldier's Home
|
MO
|
Washington, D.C.
|
2000
|
2.3 (.9)
|
Historic Anderson Cottage, used as a summer retreat by Lincoln and other presidents.
|
| Pullman
|
MO
|
Chicago, Ill.
|
2015
|
203 (82)
|
America's first planned industrial town; factories and buildings associated with the Pullman Palace Car Company.
|
| Rainbow Bridge
|
MO
|
S Utah
|
1910
|
160 (65)
|
Pink sandstone arch.
|
| Russell Cave
|
MO
|
NE Ala.
|
1961
|
310 (126)
|
Cave containing a nearly continuous archaeological record of human habitation from about 7000 BC to AD 1650.
|
| Salinas Pueblo Missions
|
MO
|
Central N.Mex.
|
1909
|
1,071 (434)
|
Four 17th-century mission churches and ruins of three Pueblo villages.
|
| Scotts Bluff
|
MO
|
W Nebr.
|
1919
|
3,003 (1,216)
|
Landmark on the Oregon Trail.
|
| Sonoran Desert
|
MO
|
SW Ariz.
|
2001
|
486,000 (196,684)
|
Biologically diverse desert with mountain ranges and lowland valleys. Historical and archaeological remains.
|
| Statue of Liberty
|
MO
|
SE N.Y.
|
1924
|
58 (23)
|
See Liberty, Statue of.
|
| Sunset Crater Volcano
|
MO
|
N Ariz.
|
1930
|
3,040 (1,231)
|
Volcanic cinder cone with multicolored crater.
|
| Timpanogos Cave
|
MO
|
N Utah
|
1922
|
250 (101)
|
Limestone cavern on Mt. Timpanogos.
|
| Tonto
|
MO
|
Central Ariz.
|
1907
|
1,120 (454)
|
Well-preserved 14th-century cliff dwellings built by Native Americans in the Salt River valley.
|
| Tuzigoot
|
MO
|
Central Ariz.
|
1939
|
801 (324)
|
Excavated ruins of a large Native American pueblo.
|
| Upper Missouri River Breaks
|
MO
|
N central Mont.
|
2001
|
377,346 (152,825)
|
Rugged, remote ecosystem paralleling the Upper Missouri National Wild and Scenic River; explored by Lewis and Clark.
|
| U.S. Virgin Islands Coral Reef
|
MO
|
Virgin Islands, off St. John
|
2001
|
12,000 (4,856)
|
Mangroves, sea grass beds, and coral reefs, home to many sea animals and birds.
|
| Vermilion Cliffs
|
MO
|
N Ariz.
|
2000
|
293,000 (118,577)
|
Remote cliffs, plateaus, canyons, and desert grasslands; fossilized dinosaur footprints.
|
| Walnut Canyon
|
MO
|
N Ariz.
|
1915
|
3,579 (1,449)
|
12th-century Sinagua cliff dwellings.
|
| White Sands
|
MO
|
S N.Mex.
|
1933
|
143,733 (58,212)
|
Wind-drifted gypsum sands.
|
| Wupatki
|
MO
|
N Ariz.
|
1924
|
35,422 (14,341)
|
Several prehistoric pueblos.
|
| Yucca House
|
MO
|
SW Colo.
|
1919
|
34 (14)
|
Unexcavated ruins of a prehistoric Native American village.
|
|
| National and International Historic Sites and Historical Parks |
| Name
|
Type
|
Location
|
Year authorized
|
Sizeacres (hectares)
|
Description
| |
| Abraham Lincoln Birthplace
|
HS
|
Central Ky.
|
1916
|
117 (47)
|
Traditional birthplace cabin in memorial building on site of Lincoln's birthplace.
|
| Adams
|
HP
|
E Mass.
|
1946
|
14 (6)
|
Home of Presidents John Adams, John Quincy Adams, and other members of the family.
|
| Allegheny Portage Railroad
|
HS
|
SW Pa.
|
1964
|
1,249 (506)
|
Inclined-plane railroad that lifted passengers and cargoes of boats on the Pennsylvania Canal over the Allegheny Mts.
|
| Andersonville
|
HS
|
SW Ga.
|
1970
|
495 (200)
|
Civil War prison camp and national prisoner of war memorial. See under Andersonville.
|
| Andrew Johnson
|
HS
|
NE Tenn.
|
1935
|
17 (7)
|
Home, shop, and grave of President Andrew Johnson; site includes Andrew Johnson National Cemetery.
|
| Appomattox Court House
|
HP
|
S central Va.
|
1930
|
1,775 (719)
|
Site of Lee's surrender to Grant. See under Appomattox, Va.
|
| Bent's Old Fort
|
HS
|
SE Colo.
|
1960
|
799 (323)
|
Fur-trading post and rest station on the Santa Fe Trail; built c.1830 by Charles Bent and William Bent. See Bent's Fort.
|
| Boston
|
HP
|
E Mass.
|
1974
|
41 (17)
|
Many sites include Old South Meeting House, the home of Paul Revere, obelisk commemorating the Battle of Bunker Hill, and part of the Charlestown Navy Yard.
|
| Boston African American
|
HS
|
E Mass.
|
1980
|
.38 (.15)
|
Site features oldest African-American church in the United States and the Black Heritage Trail.
|
| Brown v. Board of Education
|
HS
|
NE Kansas
|
1992
|
2 (.8)
|
See Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kans. |
| Cane River Creole
|
HP
|
SE La.
|
1994
|
207 (84)
|
Plantations and other sites associated with the development of creole culture.
|
| Carl Sandburg Home
|
HS
|
SW N.C.
|
1968
|
264 (107)
|
Farm home of author Carl Sandburg.
|
| Chaco Culture
|
HP
|
NW N.Mex.
|
1907
|
33,974 (13,759)
|
13 pre-Columbian ruins of the Ancestral Pueblo peoples. Ruins representing the highest point of Pueblo prehistoric civilization (AD 900–1000).
|
| Charles Pinckney
|
HS
|
SE S.C.
|
1988
|
28 (11)
|
Home and estate of American diplomat and framer of the Constitution.
|
| Chesapeake and Ohio Canal
|
HP
|
D.C., Md., W.Va.
|
1938
|
19,236 (7,791)
|
See Chesapeake and Ohio Canal. Proclaimed a national monument in 1961, a national historical park in 1971.
|
| Christiansted
|
HS
|
Virgin Islands, on St. Croix
|
1952
|
27 (11)
|
Commemorates the Virgin Islands' colonial development, especially under Danish rule in the 18th and 19th cent.
|
| Clara Barton
|
HS
|
S Md.
|
1974
|
9 (4)
|
Home and offices of the founder of the American Red Cross.
|
| Colonial
|
HP
|
SE Va.
|
1930
|
9,350 (3,785)
|
Historic Yorktown, Jamestown, and Cape Henry. Colonial Parkway connects some sites with Williamsburg.
|
| Cumberland Gap
|
HP
|
Ky., Tenn., Va.
|
1940
|
20,454 (8,281)
|
Mountain pass of the Wilderness Road. See Cumberland Gap.
|
| Dayton Aviation Heritage
|
HP
|
W Ohio
|
1992
|
86 (35)
|
Site honors life and work of the Wright brothers, as well as poet Paul Laurence Dunbar.
|
| Edgar Allan Poe
|
HS
|
SE Pa.
|
1978
|
.52 (.21)
|
In 1843, Poe lived here and wrote several of his most famous stories.
|
| Edison
|
HS
|
NE N.J.
|
1962
|
21 (9)
|
Buildings and equipment used by Thomas A. Edison.
|
| Eisenhower
|
HS
|
S Pa.
|
1969
|
690 (279)
|
Home and farm of President Dwight D. Eisenhower.
|
| Eleanor Roosevelt
|
HS
|
S N.Y.
|
1977
|
181 (73)
|
Her personal retreat including two restored buildings, tennis court, rose garden, and playhouse.
|
| Eugene O'Neill
|
HS
|
N Calif.
|
1976
|
13 (5)
|
Restored home of the playwright.
|
| Ford's Theatre
|
HS
|
Washington, D.C.
|
1970
|
.29 (.12)
|
Site of President Abraham Lincoln's assassination and death; includes the Lincoln Museum.
|
| Fort Bowie
|
HS
|
SE Ariz.
|
1964
|
1,000 (405)
|
Ruins of a fort (est. 1862) that was the base of military operations against Geronimo and his followers.
|
| Fort Davis
|
HS
|
W Tex.
|
1961
|
474 (192)
|
Key post in the defensive system of W Texas, guarding (1854–91) the San Antonio–El Paso road through the Davis Mts.
|
| Fort Laramie
|
HS
|
SE Wyo.
|
1938
|
833 (337)
|
Buildings of an old fort on the Oregon Trail.
|
| Fort Larned
|
HS
|
Central Kansas
|
1964
|
718 (291)
|
Protected the Santa Fe Trail; served as a military base during the Plains War (1860s) and later as an Indian Bureau administrative center.
|
| Fort Point
|
HS
|
W Calif.
|
1970
|
29 (12)
|
Brick and granite mid-19th-century coastal fortification.
|
| Fort Raleigh
|
HS
|
NE N.C.
|
1941
|
513 (208)
|
Site of the first attempted settlement by the English in North America. See Roanoke Island.
|
| Fort Scott
|
HS
|
SE Kansas
|
1965
|
17 (7)
|
Commemorates historic events in Kansas prior to and during the Civil War.
|
| Fort Smith
|
HS
|
NW Ark.
|
1961
|
75 (30)
|
One of the first U.S. military posts in the Louisiana Purchase; maintained law and order in the Oklahoma Territory. See Fort Smith, Ark.
|
| Fort Union Trading Post
|
HS
|
N.Dak., Mont.
|
1966
|
442 (179)
|
American Fur Company trading post during the 19th cent.
|
| Fort Vancouver
|
HS
|
SW Wash.
|
1948
|
209 (85)
|
Site of a Hudson's Bay Company post (1825–49) and later of a U.S. army fort.
|
| Frederick Douglass
|
HS
|
Washington, D.C.
|
1962
|
9 (4)
|
Home of the abolitionist and writer; contains original furnishings, photographs, lithographs, and his library.
|
| Frederick Law Olmsted
|
HS
|
E Mass.
|
1979
|
7 (2.8)
|
Site of Olmsted's home and business containing lithographs and original furnishings.
|
| Friendship Hill
|
HS
|
SW Pa.
|
1978
|
675 (273)
|
Home of Albert Gallatin, U.S. secretary of the treasury under Presidents Jefferson and Madison.
|
| George Rogers Clark
|
HP
|
SW Ind.
|
1966
|
26 (11)
|
Memorial near the site of old Fort Sackville, seized from the British by General G. R. Clark in 1779.
|
| Golden Spike
|
HS
|
N Utah
|
1957
|
2,735 (1,108)
|
Site where the Union Pacific RR and the Central Pacific RR joined to form the first transcontinental railroad.
|
| Grant-Kohrs Ranch
|
HS
|
W Mont.
|
1972
|
1,618 (655)
|
Headquarters of one of the largest 19th-century range ranches.
|
| Hampton
|
HS
|
NE Md.
|
1948
|
62 (25)
|
Late-18th-century Georgian mansion.
|
| Harpers Ferry
|
HP
|
Md., W.Va.
|
1944
|
2,343 (949)
|
See Harpers Ferry.
|
| Harry S. Truman
|
HS
|
Mo.
|
1983
|
7 (3)
|
Home of Harry S. Truman from 1919 until 1972.
|
| Herbert Hoover
|
HS
|
E Iowa
|
1965
|
187 (76)
|
Birthplace, childhood home, and burial place of President Herbert Hoover.
|
| Home of Franklin D. Roosevelt
|
HS
|
SE N.Y.
|
1944
|
349 (141)
|
Home,
"Summer White House,"
and burial place of Franklin D. and Eleanor Roosevelt. See Hyde Park.
|
| Hopewell Culture
|
HP
|
S Ohio
|
1923
|
1,245 (504)
|
Prehistoric burial mounds of Hopewell people.
|
| Hopewell Furnace
|
HS
|
SE Pa.
|
1938
|
848 (343)
|
19th-century iron-making site with reconstructed buildings and furnished cottages.
|
| Hubbell Trading Post
|
HS
|
NE Ariz.
|
1965
|
160 (65)
|
Example of a late-19th-century trading post in the Southwest.
|
| Independence
|
HP
|
SE Pa.
|
1948
|
45 (18)
|
Historic points of interest and the Liberty Bell; site of the signing of the Declaration of Independence. See Independence Hall.
|
| James A. Garfield
|
HS
|
NE Ohio
|
1980
|
8 (3)
|
Home of the 20th president and site of the first presidential memorial library.
|
| Jean Lafitte
|
HP
|
SE La.
|
1939
|
20,020 (8,108)
|
Includes New Orleans' French Quarter, the Chalmette Battlefield, and the Barataria and Acadian units.
|
| Jimmy Carter
|
HS
|
SW Georgia
|
1987
|
71 (29)
|
Buildings and exhibits associated with the 39th president's life.
|
| John Fitzgerald Kennedy
|
HS
|
E Mass.
|
1967
|
.09 (.04)
|
Birthplace and early boyhood home of President John F. Kennedy.
|
| John Muir
|
HS
|
W Calif.
|
1964
|
345 (140)
|
John Muir House and Martínez Adobe, commemorating contributions of John Muir to conservation and literature.
|
| Kalaupapa
|
HP
|
N Molokai Island, Hawaii
|
1980
|
10,779 (4,365)
|
Site of former leper colony separated from the island by 2,000-ft (610-m) cliff; there are ruins of 300 Hawaiian structures.
|
| Kaloko-Honokohau
|
HP
|
Hawaii Island, Hawaii
|
1978
|
1,161 (470)
|
Site of important pre-European settlements.
|
| Keweenaw
|
HP
|
NW Mich.
|
1992
|
1,870 (757)
|
Preserves features relevant to the first significant copper mining in the United States.
|
| Klondike Gold Rush
|
HP
|
SW Alaska, NW Wa.
|
1976
|
13,191 (5,342)
|
Sites connected with the 1898 Klondike gold rush including Seattle's Pioneer Square, the miners' point of departure.
|
| Knife River Indian Villages
|
HS
|
Central N.Dak.
|
1974
|
1,758 (712)
|
Ruins of villages of Hidasta and Mandan Native Americans.
|
| Lewis and Clark
|
HP
|
NW Oreg., SW Wash.
|
1958
|
1,481 (599)
|
Fort Clatsop, site of the winter encampment of the Lewis and Clark expedition, and other sites associated with it. Jointly managed with nearby state historical parks.
|
| Lincoln Home
|
HS
|
Central Ill.
|
1971
|
12 (5)
|
Only private home owned by Abraham Lincoln; he was living there when he was elected president.
|
| Little Rock Central High School
|
HS
|
Central Ark.
|
1998
|
18 (7)
|
Site commemorating the
"Little Rock Nine"
and the fight for desegregation in the schools.
|
| Longfellow
|
HS
|
E Mass.
|
1972
|
2 (.8)
|
Home of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1837–82) in Cambridge; also George Washington's headquarters during the siege of Boston (1775–76).
|
| Lowell
|
HP
|
NE Mass.
|
1978
|
141 (57)
|
Restored site of cotton mill traces the history of the Industrial Revolution.
|
| Lyndon B. Johnson
|
HP
|
SE Tex.
|
1969
|
1,570 (636)
|
Sites of the birthplace, boyhood home, and ranch of President Lyndon B. Johnson.
|
| Maggie L. Walker
|
HS
|
E Central Va.
|
1978
|
1 (.4)
|
Home of African-American bank president and early leader in the women's movement.
|
| Manzanar
|
HS
|
E Calif.
|
1992
|
814 (330)
|
Site of World War II internment of Japanese Americans. See relocation center.
|
| Marsh-Billings
|
HP
|
Vt.
|
1992
|
643 (260)
|
Home of pioneer conservationist George Perkins Marsh.
|
| Martin Luther King, Jr.
|
HS
|
N Ga.
|
1980
|
39 (16)
|
Birthplace, church, and grave of the civil-rights leader.
|
| Martin Van Buren
|
HS
|
SE N.Y.
|
1974
|
40 (16)
|
Home of the 8th president.
|
| Mary McLeod Bethune Council House
|
HS
|
Washington, D.C.
|
1982
|
.07 (.03)
|
Home and political headquarters of the educator and activist; the carriage house contains the Bethune Archives.
|
| Minute Man
|
HP
|
E Mass.
|
1959
|
965 (391)
|
Scene of fighting on the opening day of the Revolutionary War; includes North Bridge, Minute Man statue, Battle Road (see Lexington and Concord, battles of), and the home of Nathaniel Hawthorne.
|
| Morristown
|
HP
|
N N.J.
|
1933
|
1,698 (687)
|
Site of military encampments during the Revolution; Washington's headquarters, 1779–80.
|
| Natchez
|
HP
|
SW Miss.
|
1988
|
108 (44)
|
Melrose plantation and other antebellum buildings.
|
| New Bedford Whaling
|
HP
|
SE Mass.
|
1996
|
34 (14)
|
Commemorates the whaling heritage of New Bedford; includes a whaling museum.
|
| New Orleans Jazz
|
HP
|
SE La.
|
1994
|
…
|
Preserves and interprets jazz as it has evolved in New Orleans.
|
| Nez Percé
|
HP
|
Idaho, Mont., Oreg., Wash.
|
1965
|
2,123 (860)
|
38 sites that preserve and commemorate the history and culture of the Nez Percé.
|
| Nicodemus
|
HS
|
NW Kansas
|
1996
|
161 (65)
|
Site of town established by African Americans during Reconstruction.
|
| Ninety Six
|
HS
|
NW S.C.
|
1976
|
989 (401)
|
A frontier trading post and Revolutionary War stronghold.
|
| Palo Alto Battlefield
|
HS
|
S Tex.
|
1978
|
3,357 (1,360)
|
Site of the first major battle of the Mexican War.
|
| Pecos
|
HP
|
N N.Mex.
|
1965
|
6,671 (2,702)
|
15th-century ruins of Pecos Pueblo, once the largest Native American settlement in the Southwest.
|
| Pennsylvania Avenue
|
HS
|
Washington, D.C.
|
1965
|
…
|
Portion of Pennsylvania Ave. and adjacent area between the Capitol and the White House.
|
| Pu'uhonua o Honaunau
|
HP
|
SW Hawaii Island, Hawaii
|
1955
|
182 (74)
|
Ancient Hawaiian sanctuary and royal residence.
|
| Puukohola Heiau
|
HS
|
Hawaii Island, Hawaii
|
1972
|
86 (35)
|
Ruins of temple built (1791) by King Kamehameha the Great.
|
| Sagamore Hill
|
HS
|
SE N.Y.
|
1962
|
83 (34)
|
Estate and Victorian-style home of President Theodore Roosevelt.
|
| Saint Croix Island
|
IS
|
E Maine
|
1949
|
45 (18)
|
Commemorates the French settlement on the island in the Saint Croix River.
|
| Saint-Gaudens
|
HS
|
W N.H.
|
1964
|
148 (60)
|
Memorial to the American sculptor Augustus Saint-Gaudens; contains his home studios, gardens.
|
| Saint Paul's Church
|
HS
|
SE N.Y.
|
1943
|
6 (2)
|
18th-century church associated with the events leading to the arrest of John Peter Zenger; includes Bill of Rights museum.
|
| Salem Maritime
|
HS
|
NE Mass.
|
1938
|
9 (4)
|
Wharves and buildings important during Salem's seafaring days.
|
| Salt River Bay
|
HP
|
Virgin Islands, on St. Croix
|
1992
|
945 (383)
|
Fort Sale; upland watersheds, mangrove forests, estuarine and marine environments.
|
| San Antonio Missions
|
HP
|
S central Tex.
|
1978
|
819 (332)
|
Four missions situated on the San Antonio River; important examples of Spanish cultural influence.
|
| San Francisco Maritime
|
HP
|
N Calif.
|
1988
|
50 (20)
|
Largest collection of historic ships in the United States; exhibits on maritime history.
|
| San Juan
|
HS
|
NE Puerto Rico
|
1949
|
75 (30)
|
Oldest fortification within the limits of U.S. territory, built (16th cent.) by the Spanish to protect the harbor guarding the sea lanes to the New World.
|
| San Juan Island
|
HP
|
NW Wash.
|
1966
|
1,752 (710)
|
Dedicated to the peaceful relationship between the United States, Britain, and Canada since the San Juan Boundary Dispute.
|
| Saratoga
|
HP
|
E N.Y.
|
1938
|
3,392 (1,373)
|
Scene of a famous battle in the American Revolution. See Saratoga campaign.
|
| Saugus Iron Works
|
HS
|
E Mass.
|
1968
|
9 (4)
|
Reconstruction of the 17th-century Colonial ironworks.
|
| Sitka
|
HP
|
SE Alaska
|
1910
|
107 (43)
|
Site of the Tlingit peoples' defeat by Russian settlers in 1804. See Sitka.
|
| Springfield Armory
|
HS
|
Mass.
|
1974
|
55 (22)
|
Large weapons museum housed in former arsenal.
|
| Steamtown
|
HS
|
NE Pa.
|
1986
|
62 (25)
|
A railyard containing America's largest collection of steam-era locomotives and railroad cars.
|
| Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace
|
HS
|
SE N.Y.
|
1962
|
.11 (.04)
|
Birthplace and boyhood home of President Theodore Roosevelt.
|
| Theodore Roosevelt Inaugural
|
HS
|
W N.Y.
|
1966
|
1 (.4)
|
Ansley Wilcox House, where Theodore Roosevelt took the oath of office (1901) as president.
|
| Thomas Stone
|
HS
|
S Md.
|
1978
|
328 (133)
|
Georgian-style home, Habre-de-Ventre, of a signatory of the Declaration of Independence.
|
| Tumacacori
|
HP
|
S Ariz.
|
1908
|
46 (19)
|
Mission founded by Father Eusebio F. Kino; rebuilt by the Franciscans.
|
| Tuskegee Airmen
|
HS
|
SE Ala.
|
1999
|
90 (36)
|
Site commemorating the African-American Tuskegee Airmen of World War II.
|
| Tuskegee Institute
|
HS
|
S Ala.
|
1974
|
58 (23)
|
First institution of higher learning for the vocational training of African Americans; founded in 1881.
|
| Ulysses S. Grant
|
HS
|
Missouri
|
1989
|
10 (4)
|
Pre–Civil War home of Ulysses S. Grant.
|
| Valley Forge
|
HP
|
SE Pa.
|
1976
|
3,466 (1,404)
|
Soldiers' huts and preserved buildings re-create the 1777–78 encampment of the Continental Army.
|
| Vanderbilt Mansion
|
HS
|
E N.Y.
|
1940
|
212 (86)
|
19th-century palatial Victorian residence of a grandson of Cornelius Vanderbilt.
|
| War in the Pacific
|
HP
|
Central Guam
|
1978
|
2,031 (822)
|
Artifacts of World War II in the Pacific theater.
|
| Washita Battlefield
|
HS
|
Okla.
|
1848
|
315 (128)
|
Site of a Southern Cheyenne village attacked by General Custer on Nov. 27, 1868.
|
| Weir Farm
|
HS
|
Conn.
|
1990
|
74 (30)
|
Home and studio of the American impressionist painter J. Alden Weir.
|
| Whitman Mission
|
HS
|
SW Wash.
|
1936
|
98 (40)
|
Site of the mission of Dr. Marcus Whitman.
|
| William Howard Taft
|
HS
|
SW Ohio
|
1969
|
3 (1)
|
Birthplace and early home of President William Howard Taft.
|
| Women's Rights
|
HP
|
W N.Y.
|
1980
|
6 (2)
|
Includes Wesleyan Methodist Chapel, site of first women's rights convention (1848), and the home of Elizabeth Cady Stanton.
|
|
| National Memorials |
| Name
|
Type
|
Location
|
Year authorized
|
Sizeacres (hectares)
|
Description
| |
| Arkansas Post
|
MM
|
SE Ark.
|
1960
|
747 (302)
|
Site of the first permanent French settlement in the lower Mississippi valley. See Arkansas Post.
|
| Arlington House, The Robert E. Lee Memorial
|
MM
|
NE Va.
|
1925
|
28 (11)
|
Former home of the Custis and Lee families; memorial to Robert E. Lee.
|
| Chamizal
|
MM
|
W Tex.
|
1966
|
55 (22)
|
Memorializes the peaceful settlement of the 99-year border dispute between the United States and Mexico.
|
| Coronado
|
MM
|
SE Ariz.
|
1952
|
4,750 (1,924)
|
Area near Francisco Vásquez de Coronado's point of entry (1540) into the United States.
|
| De Soto
|
MM
|
W Fla.
|
1948
|
27 (11)
|
Commemorates the landing (1539) of Hernando De Soto in Florida and his exploration of the S United States.
|
| Federal Hall
|
MM
|
SE N.Y.
|
1939
|
.45 (.18)
|
Site of the first seat of the federal government and George Washington's inauguration (1789).
|
| Fort Caroline
|
MM
|
NE Fla.
|
1950
|
138 (56)
|
Area overlooking the site of Fort Caroline.
|
| Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial
|
MM
|
Washington, D.C.
|
1997
|
8 (3)
|
Monument to Roosevelt on the Mall in the nation's capital.
|
| General Grant
|
MM
|
SE N.Y.
|
1958
|
.76 (.31)
|
Tomb of President Ulysses S. Grant and his wife, Julia.
|
| Hamilton Grange
|
MM
|
SE N.Y.
|
1962
|
.11 (.04)
|
Home of Alexander Hamilton.
|
| Jefferson National Expansion Memorial
|
MM
|
E Mo.
|
1935
|
193 (78)
|
Area commemorating westward exploration and settlement; includes Gateway Arch. See Saint Louis, Mo.
|
| Johnstown Flood
|
MM
|
SE Pa.
|
1964
|
164 (66)
|
Memorializes the Johnstown flood of 1889. See Johnstown, Pa.
|
| Korean War Veterans Memorial
|
MM
|
Washington, D.C.
|
1986
|
2 (.8)
|
Grouping of 19 infantry soldiers standing before a polished granite wall.
|
| Lincoln Boyhood
|
MM
|
SW Ind.
|
1962
|
200 (81)
|
Site of the farm where Abraham Lincoln was raised and the burial place of his mother, Mary Hanks Lincoln.
|
| Lincoln Memorial
|
MM
|
Washington, D.C.
|
1911
|
107 (45)
|
See Lincoln Memorial.
|
| Lyndon Baines Johnson Memorial Grove on the Potomac
|
MM
|
NE Va.
|
1973
|
17 (7)
|
Grove of 500 white pines overlooking Potomac River vista of the capital.
|
| Mount Rushmore
|
MM
|
SW S.Dak.
|
1925
|
1,278 (518)
|
Carvings of Washington, Jefferson, Lincoln, and Theodore Roosevelt on the granite face of Mt. Rushmore.
|
| Oklahoma City
|
MM
|
Okla.
|
1997
|
6 (2)
|
Site honoring the rescuers and victims killed in the Apr. 19, 1995, bombing of the Federal Building.
|
| Perry's Victory and International Peace Memorial
|
MM
|
N Ohio
|
1936
|
25 (10)
|
Scene of the victory near Put-in Bay of Oliver H. Perry in the War of 1812.
|
| Roger Williams
|
MM
|
E R.I.
|
1965
|
5 (2)
|
Memorial to Roger Williams, the founder of the Rhode Island colony and a pioneer of religious freedom.
|
| Thaddeus Kosciuszko
|
MM
|
SE Pa.
|
1972
|
.02 (.01)
|
Commemorates the life and work of Thaddeus Kosciusko.
|
| Thomas Jefferson
|
MM
|
Washington, D.C.
|
1934
|
18 (7)
|
See Thomas Jefferson Memorial.
|
| USS Arizona Memorial
|
MM
|
S Honolulu, Hawaii
|
1980
|
…
|
A memorial to American losses at Pearl Harbor.
|
| Vietnam Veterans Memorial
|
MM
|
Washington, D.C.
|
1980
|
2 (.8)
|
See Vietnam Veterans Memorial.
|
| Washington Monument
|
MM
|
Washington, D.C.
|
1848
|
106 (43)
|
555-ft (169-m) high obelisk honoring Washington.
|
| Wright Brothers
|
MM
|
NE N.C.
|
1927
|
428 (173)
|
Scene of the first (1903) successful flight of the Wright brothers.
|
|
| National Battlefields, Battlefield Parks, Battlefield Sites, and Military Parks |
| Name
|
Type
|
Location
|
Year authorized
|
Sizeacres (hectares)
|
Description
| |
| Antietam
|
BF
|
Central Md.
|
1890
|
3,223 (1,305)
|
See Antietam campaign. Antietam (Sharpsburg) National Cemetery adjoins the park.
|
| Big Hole
|
BF
|
SW Mont.
|
1910
|
656 (266)
|
Scene of 1877 battle between U.S. troops and Nez Percé led by Chief Joseph.
|
| Brices Cross Roads
|
BS
|
NE Miss.
|
1929
|
1 (.4)
|
Site of a rout of Union troops by Confederate cavalry under General N. B. Forrest (June 10, 1864).
|
| Chickamauga and Chattanooga
|
MP
|
Ga., Tenn.
|
1890
|
8,129 (3,291)
|
Civil War battle sites; first national military park.
|
| Cowpens
|
BF
|
NW S.C.
|
1929
|
932 (377)
|
Site of an American militia victory over British infantry and cavalry forces in the Revolutionary War battle of Cowpens (Jan. 17, 1781).
|
| Fort Donelson
|
BF
|
NW Tenn.
|
1928
|
552 (224)
|
Site of first Union Army victory; Civil War cemetery.
|
| Fort Necessity
|
BF
|
SW Pa.
|
1931
|
903 (366)
|
George Washington's troops defeated here in 1754.
|
| Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania County Battlefields Memorial
|
MP
|
NE Va.
|
1927
|
7,924 (3,208)
|
Contains portions of four major Civil War battlefields (see Fredericksburg, battle of) and a national cemetery.
|
| Gettysburg
|
MP
|
S Pa.
|
1895
|
5,984 (2,423)
|
Civil War battlefield and cemetery; site of President Lincoln's Gettysburg Address. See Gettysburg, Pa.
|
| Guilford Courthouse
|
MP
|
N N.C.
|
1917
|
223 (90)
|
See Guilford Courthouse, battle of.
|
| Horseshoe Bend
|
MP
|
E Ala.
|
1956
|
2,040 (826)
|
See Horseshoe Bend.
|
| Kennesaw Mountain
|
BP
|
NW Ga.
|
1917
|
2,884 (1,168)
|
Site of Sherman's attack on the Confederate forces in the Atlanta campaign.
|
| Kings Mountain
|
MP
|
N S.C.
|
1931
|
3,945 (1,598)
|
Site of a crucial American victory (Oct. 7, 1780) over the British during the Revolution.
|
| Manassas
|
BP
|
NE Va.
|
1940
|
5,072 (2,054)
|
See Bull Run.
|
| Monocacy
|
BF
|
W Md.
|
1976
|
1,647 (667)
|
Site commemorates the first successful defense of Washington, D.C. during the Civil War.
|
| Moores Creek
|
BF
|
SE N.C.
|
1926
|
88 (36)
|
Site of a battle between Patriots and Loyalists.
|
| Pea Ridge
|
MP
|
NW Ark.
|
1956
|
4,300 (1,742)
|
Site of the Civil War battle of Pea Ridge, which saved Missouri for the Union.
|
| Petersburg
|
BF
|
SE Va.
|
1926
|
2,659 (1,077)
|
Scene of the Battle of the Crater and a 10-month Union campaign (1864–65) to seize Petersburg, Va.
|
| Richmond
|
BP
|
E Va.
|
1936
|
1,718 (696)
|
Commemorates Civil War battles of Cold Harbor, Drewry's Bluff, Gaines Mill, Malvern Hill, and Beaver Dam Creek.
|
| Shiloh
|
MP
|
SW Tenn.
|
1894
|
3,973 (1,609)
|
Site of the Civil War battle of Shiloh. Shiloh National Cemetery is there.
|
| Stones River
|
BF
|
Central Tenn.
|
1927
|
713 (289)
|
See Murfreesboro, Tenn. Site of Stones River National Cemetery.
|
| Tupelo
|
BF
|
NE Miss.
|
1929
|
1 (.4)
|
See Tupelo, Miss.
|
| Vicksburg
|
MP
|
W Miss.
|
1899
|
1,740 (704)
|
Site of the Vicksburg campaign of the Civil War and Vicksburg National Cemetery.
|
| Wilson's Creek
|
BF
|
Missouri
|
1960
|
1,750 (709)
|
Site of first major Civil War engagement west of the Mississippi.
|
|
| National Preserves and Reserves |
| Name
|
Type
|
Location
|
Year authorized
|
Sizeacres (hectares)
|
Description
| |
| Bering Land Bridge
|
PS
|
NW Alaska
|
1978
|
2,697,639 (1,092,162)
|
Remnant of land bridge that connected Alaska with Asia.
|
| Big Cypress
|
PA
|
S Fla.
|
1974
|
720,570 (291,729)
|
Subtropical plant and animal life; ancestral home of Seminole and Miccosukee peoples.
|
| Big Thicket
|
PS
|
SE Tex.
|
1974
|
97,191 (39,349)
|
Large number of plant and animal species.
|
| City of Rocks
|
NR
|
Idaho
|
1988
|
14,107 (5,711)
|
Granite spires, sculptured rock formations.
|
| Ebey's Landing
|
NR
|
Whidbey Island, Wash.
|
1978
|
19,000 (7,695)
|
Records exploration and settlement of Puget Sound.
|
| Little River Canyon
|
PS
|
NE Ala.
|
1992
|
13,633 (5,519)
|
Rock expanses, benches, and bluffs; kayaking and rock climbing.
|
| Mojave
|
PS
|
S Calif.
|
1994
|
1,508,045 (610,545)
|
Dunes, cinder cones, historic mining scenes; protects fragile habitat of the desert tortoise.
|
| Noatak
|
PS
|
Alaska
|
1978
|
6,569,904 (2,660,811)
|
Mountain-ringed river basin.
|
| Tallgrass Prairie
|
PS
|
E Kansas
|
1996
|
10,894 (4,411)
|
Preserve protecting surviving remnant of the tallgrass ecosystem.
|
| Timucan Ecological and Historic Preserve
|
PS
|
Fla.
|
1988
|
46,019 (18,631)
|
Atlantic coastal marshes, islands, tidal creeks.
|
| Yukon-Charley Rivers
|
PS
|
E central Alaska
|
1978
|
2,526,512 (1,022,879)
|
Peregrine falcons, 1898 Gold Rush relics.
|
|
| National Recreation Areas |
| Name
|
Type
|
Location
|
Year authorized
|
Sizeacres (hectares)
|
Description
| |
| Amistad
|
RA
|
S Tex.
|
1965
|
58,500 (23,693)
|
U.S. part of Amistad Reservoir, on the Rio Grande.
|
| Bighorn Canyon
|
RA
|
Mont., Wyo.
|
1966
|
120,296 (48,720)
|
Yellowtail Dam and spectacular Bighorn Canyon, on the Bighorn River.
|
| Boston Harbor Islands
|
RA
|
E Mass.
|
1996
|
1,482 (600)
|
More than 30 islands off the Greater Boston coast.
|
| Chattahoochie River
|
RA
|
Georgia
|
1978
|
9,260 (3,750)
|
Series of historic and recreational sites along the Chattahoochie River.
|
| Chickasaw
|
RA
|
S Okla.
|
1976
|
9,889 (4,005)
|
Mineral springs, streams, and lakes. Name honors Chickasaw Nation; combination of former Platt National Park and Arbuckle National Recreation Area.
|
| Curecanti
|
RA
|
E Colo.
|
1965
|
41,972 (16,993)
|
Blue Mesa, Morrow Point, and Crystal reservoirs in the upper Black Canyon of the Gunnison.
|
| Delaware Water Gap
|
RA
|
N.J., Pa.
|
1965
|
66,756 (27,027)
|
Scenic Delaware Water Gap.
|
| Gateway
|
RA
|
N.Y., N.J.
|
1972
|
26,610 (10,773)
|
Beaches, marshes, islands, and waters in and around New York City. One of the first two national urban recreation areas.
|
| Gauley River
|
RA
|
W Va.
|
1988
|
11,342 (4,592)
|
Passes through scenic valleys and gorges; whitewater boating.
|
| Glen Canyon
|
RA
|
Ariz., Utah
|
1958
|
1,254,306 (507,816)
|
Lake Powell, formed by the Glen Canyon Dam.
|
| Golden Gate
|
RA
|
W Calif.
|
1972
|
73,688 (29,833)
|
Beaches, forests, marshes, San Francisco's Presidio, and Alcatraz Island. One of the first two national urban recreation areas.
|
| Lake Chelan
|
RA
|
N Wash.
|
1968
|
61,958 (25,084)
|
Located in the Stehekin Valley and in the northern part of fjordlike Lake Chelan.
|
| Lake Mead
|
RA
|
Ariz., Nev.
|
1936
|
1,495,666 (605,745)
|
Lake Mead, formed by Hoover Dam, and Lake Mohave, formed by Davis Dam; the first national recreation area established by Congress.
|
| Lake Meredith
|
RA
|
NW Tex.
|
1965
|
44,978 (18,216)
|
Includes Lake Meredith, on the Canadian River, a popular water-sports area.
|
| Lake Roosevelt
|
RA
|
NE Wash.
|
1946
|
100,390 (40,658)
|
Franklin D. Roosevelt Lake, formed by the Grand Coulee Dam in the Columbia River; interesting geology.
|
| Ross Lake
|
RA
|
N Wash.
|
1968
|
117,575 (47,618)
|
Extends along the Skagit River canyon; bisects North Cascades National Park.
|
| Santa Monica Mountains
|
RA
|
SW Calif.
|
1978
|
153,824 (62,277)
|
Rugged, chaparral-covered landscape fronting on sandy beaches.
|
| Whiskeytown-Shasta-Trinity
|
RA
|
N Calif.
|
1965
|
42,503 (17,214)
|
Reservoirs, forestland, and Whiskeytown Falls; the National Park Service runs the Whiskeytown unit, and the Forest Service administers the Shasta and Trinity units.
|
|
| National Rivers |
| Name
|
Type
|
Location
|
Year authorized
|
Sizeacres (hectares)
|
Description
| |
| Alagnak
|
WS
|
SW Alaska
|
1980
|
30,665 (12,415)
|
White water and salmon fishing.
|
| Big South Fork
|
RR
|
Ky., Tenn.
|
1976
|
125,242 (50,705)
|
Scenic gorges and valleys.
|
| Bluestone
|
WS
|
SW W.Va.
|
1988
|
4,310 (1,745)
|
Fishing, hiking, boating, and scenery.
|
| Buffalo
|
RI
|
NW Ark.
|
1972
|
94,292 (38,175)
|
136-mi (219-km) stretch of the Buffalo River and its valley; the first national river.
|
| Delaware
|
WS
|
N.J.-Pa.
|
1978
|
1,973 (799)
|
Swimming, boating, and fishing on Delaware River through the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area.
|
| Great Egg Harbor
|
WS
|
SW N.J.
|
1992
|
…
|
129 mi (208 km) long; largest canoeing river in the Pine Barrens.
|
| Lower St. Croix
|
WS
|
E Minn., NW Wis.
|
1972
|
25,279 (10,234)
|
First river segment added by Congress to the National Wild and Scenic Rivers Program.
|
| Mississippi River
|
RR
|
Minn.
|
1988
|
53,775 (21,779)
|
Cultural, historical, and industrial features of the Mississippi River.
|
| Missouri
|
WS
|
S.Dak. to Neb.
|
1978
|
…
|
Two free-flowing portions of Missouri River with islands, bars, and chutes; native floodplain forest.
|
| New River Gorge
|
RI
|
W Va.
|
1978
|
69,834 (28,273)
|
Rugged whitewater river flows through deep canyons.
|
| Niobrara
|
WS
|
N Nebr.
|
1991
|
…
|
Ecological crossroads between eastern woodlands and western grasslands.
|
| Obed
|
WS
|
E Tenn.
|
1976
|
5,173 (2,094)
|
Numerous streams and rugged scenery.
|
| Ozark
|
WS
|
Mo.
|
1964
|
80,786 (32,707)
|
Scenic parts of the Current and Jacks Fork rivers; the first national scenic river.
|
| Rio Grande
|
WS
|
S Tex.
|
1978
|
9,600 (3,888)
|
191-mi (307-km) strip of land on the U.S. shore of the Rio Grande in the Chihuahuan Desert.
|
| Saint Croix
|
WS
|
Minn., Wis.
|
1968
|
67,483 (27,321)
|
200 mi (322 km) of the St. Croix River and its Namekagon tributary; trails, camping, boating.
|
| Upper Delaware
|
WS
|
Pa., N.Y.
|
1978
|
75,005 (30,366)
|
Fishing and boating.
|
|
| National Lakeshores and Seashores |
| Name
|
Type
|
Location
|
Year authorized
|
Sizeacres (hectares)
|
Description
| |
| Apostle Islands
|
LS
|
NW Wis.
|
1970
|
69,372 (28,096)
|
Apostle Islands and a strip of the Bayfield Peninsula, on the south shore of Lake Superior.
|
| Assateague Island
|
SS
|
Md., Va.
|
1965
|
39,723 (16,082)
|
37-mi (60-km) barrier island; beaches; wildlife refuge including wild ponies.
|
| Canaveral
|
SS
|
E Fla.
|
1975
|
57,662 (23,353)
|
Barrier island dunes and marshland that includes a wildlife refuge.
|
| Cape Cod
|
SS
|
SE Mass.
|
1961
|
43,685 (17,686)
|
See Cape Cod.
|
| Cape Hatteras
|
SS
|
E N.C.
|
1937
|
30,321 (12,276)
|
The first national seashore. See under Hatteras, Cape.
|
| Cape Lookout
|
SS
|
E N.C.
|
1966
|
28,243 (11,438)
|
Three barrier islands with beaches, sand dunes, and salt marshes; Cape Lookout Lighthouse.
|
| Cumberland Island
|
SS
|
SE Ga.
|
1972
|
36,415 (14,748)
|
Largest island off Georgia; beaches, sand dunes, marshes, and lakes.
|
| Fire Island
|
SS
|
SE N.Y.
|
1964
|
19,579 (7,929)
|
Covers section of Fire Island.
|
| Gulf Islands
|
SS
|
Fla., Miss.
|
1971
|
137,458 (55,651)
|
Historic forts and white sand beaches near Pensacola, Fla.; Fort Massachusetts and primitive offshore islands in S Miss.
|
| Indiana Dunes
|
LS
|
NW Ind.
|
1966
|
15,138 (6,129)
|
200-ft (60-m) sand dunes, beaches, and marshes along the south shore of Lake Michigan.
|
| Padre Island
|
SS
|
S Tex.
|
1962
|
130,434 (52,826)
|
See Padre Island, Tex.
|
| Pictured Rocks
|
LS
|
N Mich.
|
1966
|
73,228 (29,657)
|
Sandstone cliffs, marshes, dunes, and waterfalls along Lake Superior; the first national lakeshore.
|
| Point Reyes
|
SS
|
W Calif.
|
1962
|
71,068 (28,772)
|
Coastal area with beaches and steep bluffs.
|
| Sleeping Bear Dunes
|
LS
|
W central Mich.
|
1970
|
71,196 (28,824)
|
Section of the Lake Michigan shoreline and the North and South Manitoulin islands; beaches, sand dunes, forests.
|
|
| Other Areas |
| Name
|
Type
|
Location
|
Year authorized
|
Sizeacres (hectares)
|
Description
| |
| Appalachian
|
ST
|
Maine, N.H., Vt., Mass., Conn., N.Y., N.J., Pa., Md., W.Va., Va., Tenn., N.C., Ga.
|
1968
|
214,528 (86,853)
|
See Appalachian Trail.
|
| Blue Ridge
|
PW
|
Va., N.C.
|
1936
|
88,689 (35,906)
|
Scenic route in the Blue Ridge Mts. between Shenandoah and Great Smoky Mts. national parks; many roadside parks, lookouts, and trails; the first national parkway.
|
| California
|
HT
|
Missouri River to Calif. and Oreg.
|
1992
|
…
|
Former migration route extending 5,600 mi (9,010 km) from the Missouri River to California and Oregon.
|
| Catoctin Mountain Park
|
PO
|
NW Md.
|
1936
|
5,770 (2,337)
|
Campgrounds, trails, and scenic drive located in the Catoctin Mts.; Camp David, the presidential retreat, is there.
|
| Constitution Gardens
|
PO
|
Washington, D.C.
|
1978
|
52 (21)
|
Memorial to the signers of the Declaration of Independence.
|
| Continental Divide
|
ST
|
Mont., Idaho, Wyo., Colo., N.Mex.
|
1978
|
3,200 (1,296)
|
Runs the length of the Rocky Mountains.
|
| Florida
|
ST
|
S Fla.
|
1983
|
…
|
Subtropical plant and animal life along 1,300-mi (2,092-km) trail.
|
| Fort Washington Park
|
PO
|
Washington, D.C.
|
1930
|
341 (138)
|
19th-century fort.
|
| George Washington Memorial Parkway
|
PW
|
Va., D.C., Md.
|
1930
|
7,248 (2,935)
|
Parkway connecting landmarks associated with the life of George Washington along both sides of the Potomac River from Mt. Vernon to Great Falls.
|
| Greenbelt
|
PO
|
N Md.
|
1950
|
1,176 (476)
|
Woodland park.
|
| Ice Age
|
ST
|
S Wis.
|
1980
|
…
|
100-mi (161-km) trail follows glacial moraines.
|
| Iditarod
|
HT
|
Alaska
|
1978
|
…
|
Former Alaska Gold Rush trail extending 2,350 mi (3,781 km) from Seward to Nome.
|
| John D. Rockefeller, Jr.
|
PW
|
NW Wyo.
|
1972
|
23,777 (9,622)
|
Scenic corridor between Yellowstone and Grand Teton national parks commemorating Rockefeller's role in the creation of many national parks.
|
| Juan Bautista de Anza
|
HT
|
W Calif.
|
1990
|
…
|
1,200-mi (1,931-km) trail traces the path of Spanish colonists.
|
| Lewis and Clark
|
HT
|
Mo., Neb., S.Dak., N.Dak., Mont., Idaho, Oreg.
|
1978
|
…
|
3,700-mi (5,953-km) historic trail commemorates the Lewis and Clark expedition.
|
| Mormon Pioneer
|
HT
|
Ill., Mo., Kans., Colo., Utah
|
1978
|
…
|
Historic trail follows the route taken by Brigham Young and his followers in 1847–48.
|
| Natchez Trace
|
ST
|
Miss., Tenn.
|
1983
|
10,995 (4,453)
|
Trail extends from Nashville, Tenn., to Natchez, Miss.
|
| Natchez Trace
|
PW
|
Miss., Ala., Tenn.
|
1938
|
51,748 (20,958)
|
Parkway following the general location of the old trail known as the Natchez Trace.
|
| National Capital Parks
|
PO
|
D.C., Va., Md.
|
1790
|
6,544 (2,649)
|
More than 300 parks, parkways, and military fortifications in and around Washington, D.C.
|
| National Mall
|
PO
|
Washington, D.C.
|
1933
|
146 (59)
|
Landscaped park, part of the L'Enfant Plan for Washington, D.C.
|
| Nez Percé
|
HT
|
Oregon, Idaho, Mont., Wyo.
|
1986
|
…
|
1,170-mi (1,883-km) trail commemorates the retreat of the Nez Percé under Chief Joseph in 1877.
|
| North Country
|
ST
|
N.Y. to N.Dak.
|
1980
|
…
|
Extends 3,200 mi (5,149 km), connecting seven northern tier states.
|
| Oregon
|
HT
|
Mo. to Oreg.
|
1978
|
…
|
Traces the c.2,000-mi (3,200-km) route of pioneers in 1841–60.
|
| Overmountain Victory
|
HT
|
Tenn., Va., N.C., S.C.
|
1980
|
…
|
Follows the 300-mi (483-km) path of revolutionary Patriots.
|
| Pacific Crest
|
ST
|
Calif., Oreg., Wash.
|
1968
|
…
|
Follows the Sierra and Cascade peaks 2,638 mi (4,245 km) from Mexico to Canada; along with the Appalachian Trail one of the two initial components of the National Trails System.
|
| Piscataway Park
|
PO
|
S Md.
|
1961
|
4,486 (1,816)
|
Preserves the view from Mt. Vernon of the opposite shore of the Potomac River.
|
| Pony Express
|
HT
|
Mo., Kans., Colo., Utah, Nev., Calif.
|
1992
|
…
|
Follows the 1,966-mi (3,163-km) route of the pony express riders in 1860–61.
|
| Potomac Heritage
|
ST
|
Va., D.C., Md., Pa.
|
1983
|
…
|
704-mi (1,133-km) trail connects the tidewater regions to the Laurel Highlands of Pennsylvania.
|
| Prince William Forest Park
|
PO
|
NE Va.
|
1936
|
18,572 (7,522)
|
Pine and hardwood forests of the Quantico Creek watershed.
|
| Rock Creek Park
|
PO
|
Washington, D.C.
|
1890
|
1,754 (710)
|
Wooded preserve, one of the largest urban parks in the nation.
|
| Santa Fe
|
HT
|
Mo., Kans., Okla., Col., N.Mex.
|
1987
|
…
|
Traces the 1,203-mi (1,936-km) route of famous Santa Fe Trail.
|
| Theodore Roosevelt Island
|
PO
|
Washington, D.C., Va.
|
1932
|
89 (36)
|
Wilderness preserve in the Potomac River; a tribute to the
"conservationist president."
|
| Trail of Tears
|
HT
|
N.C., Tenn., Ga., Ala., Ark., Okla.
|
1987
|
…
|
2,200-mi (3,540-km) trail commemorates the routes of forced migration of more than 15,000 Cherokee from their ancestral homes.
|
| White House
|
PO
|
Washington, D.C.
|
1933
|
18 (7)
|
See White House.
|
| Wolf Trap Farm Park for the Performing Arts
|
PO
|
N Va.
|
1966
|
130 (53)
|
Set in a rolling, wooded landscaped area to provide artistic enjoyment and recreation; the first national park for the performing arts.
|
|
