Zug, Simon Gottlieb or Szymon Bogumił Zug (1733–1807). Saxon architect, born in Dresden. He settled in Poland where he designed many distinguished Neo-Classical buildings. He was responsible for the Guardhouse of the Wilanów Palace, Warsaw (1775–6), and the circular domed Protestant Church, Warsaw (1777–81-destroyed 1939, rebuilt 1950), with its severe Doric portico, the first example of a Neo-Classical church in Poland. For Kazimierz Poniatowski (1721–1800) he designed at Solec (1772) the first of a series of charming landscape gardens influenced by English models, and for Princess Izabela Czartoryska (1746–1835) he laid out the jardin anglais at Powązki, near Warsaw (1770s—now the Cemetery), with Jan Piotr Norblin (the French landscape-painter Jean-Pierre Norblin de la Gourdaine (1745–1830)), and contributed an article on Polish gardens to Hirschfeld's Theorie der Gartenkunst (Theory of the Art of Gardening—1785), one of the seminal works on late-C18 gardens in Europe. At Natolin, near Warsaw, he designed the beautiful pavilion (1780–2), with its main elliptical domed room half-open to the garden through a screen of Ionic columns, an idea perhaps derived from de Wailly's Montmusard (1764). His most interesting work (again with Norblin) is Arkadia, near Nieborów (1777–98), the Picturesque garden laid out for Princess Helena Radziwiłł (1745–1821): it has a lake, various fabriques, including a Gothic House, an eclectic ‘high priest's sanctuary’, a megalithic grotto of the Sybil, arcades, a ‘Greek’ arch, an aqueduct, an Île des Peupliers complete with cenotaph as a mnemonic of Rousseau's tomb at Ermenonville in France, and a Temple of Diana with a curious interior of curved rooms. He also designed a block in Warsaw (1784–5) with a ground-floor featuring primitive unfluted Greek Doric columns supporting arches, reminiscent of the work of Ledoux.

Bibliography

Ars Quatuor Coronatorum, cxvi (2004), 83–126;
Garden History, xxiii/1 (Summer 1995), 91–112;
Lorentz & and Rottermund (1984);
Loza (1954);
Mosser & Teyssot (eds.) (1991);
Piwkoski (1998)

Zug (tsōōk), canton (1993 pop. 87,100), 93 sq mi (241 sq km), N central Switzerland. The smallest canton in Switzerland, it is a forested and mountainous region with orchards, meadows, and pastures in the valleys. Fruit cultivation is a main occupation, and the region has industries in textiles, beer, and metal goods. Its inhabitants are mainly German-speaking and Catholic. Owned by the counts of Kyburg and later (after 1273) by the Hapsburg family, Zug joined the Swiss Confederation in 1352 and again in 1364, after a return to Hapsburg domination. In 1845 the canton joined the Catholic Sonderbund. Zug gained its current constitution in 1894. Its capital, Zug (1993 pop. 21,700), is on the Lake of Zug (15 sq mi/39 sq km). It has manufactures of metalware, electrical equipment, and textiles, and is an important cattle market. Zug retains a medieval flavor. Its Church of St. Oswald is one of the most splendid late-Gothic churches in Switzerland.

zug (Ger.). The action of pulling; thus org. stop knob, or pf. pedal (which pulls down some mechanism). Zugposaune, slide tb., Zugtrompete, slide tpt.