Pamplona

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Pamplona City in n Spain; capital of Navarre province. Rebuilt by Pompey in 68 bc, Charlemagne conquered the city in ad 778. In the 11th century, it became capital of the Kingdom of Navarre. In 1512, control of Pamplona passed to Ferdinand of Aragon, who united Navarre with Castile. In 1813, during the Peninsular War, the Duke of Wellington (1813) captured Pamplona from the French. Every July, in the fiesta of San Fermin, bulls are driven through the city streets. Industries: rope and pottery manufacture. Pop. (2000) 182,666.

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