Cynipinae

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Cynipinae (gall wasps; superfamily Cynipoidea, family Cynipidae) Subfamily of insects whose larvae induce gall formation on many different species of plant. Galls arising from cynipid attack have names such as: oak apple, oak marble, spangle gall, artichoke gall, and Robin's pincushion. Plant galls and the way in which insects are able to produce species-specific and often highly complex structures are little understood.