antiporter
antiporter A membrane protein that effects the active transport of a substance across a cell membrane while transporting ions in the opposite direction. An antiporter is a type of cotransporter; the ions, typically hydrogen ions (H+) or sodium ions (Na+), flow down their concentration gradient, and in so doing provide the energy for the transport of another substance in the other direction. For example, heart-muscle cells have a Na+/Ca+ antiporter, which is driven by the inward flow of sodium ions to pump calcium ions (Ca+) out of the cell. Hence, the energy for antiporters derives ultimately from the energy-consuming mechanisms that establish the concentration gradient of the driving ions. Compare symporter; uniporter.
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Active Transport , Active transport is the movement of molecules up their concentration gradient , using energy.
Concentration Gradients
The concentration of most molec… Transport , Transport is the controlled movement of substances from one part of a cell to another, or from one side of a cell membrane to the other. Because each… Facilitated Diffusion , facilitated diffusion The transport of molecules across the plasma membrane of a living cell by a process that involves a specific transmembrane carr… Sodium Pump , sodium pump A mechanism by which sodium ions are transported out of a eukaryotic cell across the plasma membrane. The process requires energy in the… Cytoplasmic Streaming , cytoplasmic streaming The directional movement of cytoplasm in certain cells, which allows movement of substances through the cell, especially around… Organelle , An organelle is a tiny structure inside a cell that performs a particular function. Organelles are only found in eukaryotic cells (those with a disti…
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antiporter