Newman, John Henry
Newman, John Henry (1801–90). Christian theologian and leader of the Oxford Movement, also a writer, poet, and historian, whose genius lay in the combination of these talents.
In the early 1840s he withdrew from leadership of the Oxford Movement and, in 1845, converted to Roman Catholicism. For Newman, Rome offered that assurance Anglicanism seemed to lack and for which he longed. In 1848 he founded the Birmingham Oratory. He spent the rest of his life there, save for a period in Dublin, between 1854 to 1858, to which he went as rector of the new Catholic university. He also helped to found the London Oratory, and was made a cardinal in 1879.
His published works are substantial. They include his autobiography, Apologia pro vita sua, published in 1864 in response to an attack from Charles Kingsley; a treatise on education The Idea of a University (1852); numerous theological texts, including An Essay on Development of Christian Doctrine (1845); An Essay in Aid of a Grammar of Assent (1870); the novel Loss and Gain, and The Dream of Gerontius (1865).
In the early 1840s he withdrew from leadership of the Oxford Movement and, in 1845, converted to Roman Catholicism. For Newman, Rome offered that assurance Anglicanism seemed to lack and for which he longed. In 1848 he founded the Birmingham Oratory. He spent the rest of his life there, save for a period in Dublin, between 1854 to 1858, to which he went as rector of the new Catholic university. He also helped to found the London Oratory, and was made a cardinal in 1879.
His published works are substantial. They include his autobiography, Apologia pro vita sua, published in 1864 in response to an attack from Charles Kingsley; a treatise on education The Idea of a University (1852); numerous theological texts, including An Essay on Development of Christian Doctrine (1845); An Essay in Aid of a Grammar of Assent (1870); the novel Loss and Gain, and The Dream of Gerontius (1865).
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Newman, John Henry