Córdoba, Treaty of (1821)

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Córdoba, Treaty of (1821)

Treaty of Córdoba (1821), an agreement that recognized Mexico's independent sovereignty and arranged for the withdrawal of remaining Spanish forces. Arriving at Veracruz in 1821 after most of Mexico had fallen to Agustín de Iturbide's Army of the Three Guarantees, Captain-General Juan O'Donojú, a liberal and Mason who had served as Spanish minister of war under the Constitution of 1812, entered negotiations with Iturbide at Córdoba rather than unnecessarily prolong the revolutionary war. Recognizing that the Plan of Iguala sought to maintain the Bourbon dynasty and strong links between Spain and Mexico, O'Donojú signed the Treaty of Córdoba on 24 August 1821. The sixteen articles of the treaty followed the spirit of the Plan of Iguala. For most Mexicans, the fact that the Spanish government later repudiated the treaty was irrelevant. After assisting with the transition of power, O'Donojú died in Mexico City of a disease contracted during his stay at Veracruz.

See alsoIturbide, Agustín de; O'Donojú, Juan; Plan of Iguala; Three Guarantees, Army of the.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Jaime Delgado, España y México en el siglo XIX, 3 vols. (1950).

William Spence Robertson, Iturbide of Mexico (1968).

Timothy E. Anna, The Mexican Empire of Iturbide (1990).

                                      Christon I. Archer

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Córdoba, Treaty of (1821)

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