Huffman encoding

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Huffman encoding A (usually) binary encoding of the elements of a finite set, A, A = {a1,a2,…,an}

where each element ai in A has an assumed probability, pi, of occurring in a message. The binary encoding satisfies the prefix property and is such that messages will have a minimum expected length. Thus an element ai with a high probability of occurring in a message is encoded as a short binary string while an element with a low probability of occurring is encoded with a longer string. See also source coding.