Takemitsu, Toru (b Tokyo, 1930; d Tokyo, 1996). Japanese composer. Organized experimental workshop for painters and composers in Tokyo, 1951. Designed Space Theatre at Osaka Exposition 1970. Visiting prof., Yale Univ. 1975. Comp.-in-residence Aldeburgh Fest. 1984, Huddersfield Fest. 1990. His mus. uses avant-garde procedures and much of it is on tape. Influenced at first by Schoenberg, Messiaen, and Schaeffer's musique concrète. Much concerned, like Ligeti, with timbre. Works incl.:ORCH.: Requiem, str. (1957); Solitude Sonore (1958); Tableau noir, narr., chamber orch. (1958); Scene, vc., str. (1959); Coral Island, sop., orch. (1959); Music of Trees (1961); Arc, Part I, pf., orch. (1963–6/1976), Part II, pf., orch. (1964–6/1976); Dorian Horizon, 17 str. (1966); Green (1967); November Steps, shakuhachi, biwa, orch. (1967); Asterism, pf., orch. (1967); Crossing, 4 instr. soloists, women's vv., 2 orchs. (1970); Eucalypts I, fl., ob., hp., str. (1970); Winter (1971); Cassiopeia, perc. solo, orch. (1971); Gemeaux, ob., tb., 2 orch, 2 cond. (1971–86); Autumn, biwa, shakuhachi, orch. (1973); Gitimalya (Bouquet of Songs), marimba, orch. (1974); Quatrain, vn., vc., cl., pf., orch. (1975); Marginalia (1976); A Flock descends into the pentagonal garden (1977); Far Calls, Coming, far!, vn., orch. (1980); Dreamtime (1981); A Way a Lone II (vers. of str. qt.), str. (1981); Toward the Sea II (vers. of work for alt. fl., gui.), alt. fl., hp., str. (1981); Star-Isle (1982): Rain Coming, chamber orch. (1982); To the Edge of Dream, gui., orch. (1983); Orion and Pleiades, vc., orch. (1984); Vers, l'arc-en-ciel, Palma, gui., ob. d'amore, orch. (1984); riverrun, pf., orch. (1984); Dream/Window (1985); I hear the water dreaming, fl., orch. (1987); Nostalghia (in memory of Andrey Tarkovsky), vn., str. (1987); Twill by Twilight (in memory of Morton Feldman) (1988); Tree Line, chamber orch. (1988); A String Around Autumn, va., orch. (1989); Visions (1990); My Way of Life (in memory of Michael Vyner), bar., ch., orch. (1990); From me flows what you call Time, 5 perc., orch. (1990).CHORAL: Wind Horse, ch. (1961–6); Grass, male ch. (1982); Handmade Proverbs (4 Pop Songs), 6 male vv. (1987)CHAMBER MUSIC: Distance de fée, vn., pf. (1951, rev. 1989); Le son calligraphié I and II, 4 vv., 2 va., 2 vc. (1958–60); Masque, 2 fl. (1959–60); Landscape, str. qt. (1960); Ring, fl., gui., lute (1961); Sacrifice, alt. fl., lute, vib. (1962); Valeria, vn., vc., gui., elec. org. (1965); Hika, vn., pf. (1966); Munari by Munari, perc. solo (1967–72); Stanza I, gui., pf., hp., vib., female v. (1969); Eucalypts II, fl., ob., hp. (1971); Voice, fl. (1971); Stanza II, hp., tape (1971); Distance, ob. (1972); Folios, gui. (1974); Garden Rain, brass (1974); Bryce, fl., 2 hp., 2 perc. (1976); Waves, solo cl., hn., 2 tb., bass drum (1976); Quatrain II, cl., vn., vc., pf. (1977); Waterways, cl., vn., vc., pf., 2 hp., 2 vib. (1978); A Way a Lone, str. qt. (1981); Toward the Sea, alt. fl., gui. (1981); Rain Spell, fl., cl., hp., pf., vib. (1982); Rocking Mirror Daybreak, 2 vn. (1983); From far beyond Chrysanthemums and November Fog, vn., pf. (1983); Orion, vc., pf. (1984); Entre-Temps, ob., str. qt. (1986); Rain Dreaming, hpd. (1986); All in Twilight, gui. (1987); Itinerant, fl. (1989); Toward the Sea III, alt. fl., hp. (1989).ELEC. MUS. & THEATRE PIECES: Static Relief, magnetic tape (1955); Vocalism A.I., magnetic tape (1956); Sky, Horse and Death, tape (1958); Water Music, tape (1960); Kwaidan, tape (1964); Toward, tape (1970); A Minneapolis Garden, tape (1986); The Sea is Still, tape (1986).PIANO: Lento in due movimenti (1950); Uninterrupted Rest (1952–9); Piano Distance (1961); Crossing (1962); For away (1973); Les yeux clos I (1979), II (1988); Rain Tree Sketch (1982).