VIETNAM, MARTYRS OF, SS.

A.k.a. Andrew Dũng-Lạ : and 116 Companions, martyrs of Tonkin (in North Vietnam [Bắc Việt]); martyrs of Indo-China (Ðông Dương); d. 18th-19th centuries. Canonized June 19, 1988 by Pope John Paul II.

This entry provides information on the 117 martyrs of Vietnam, comprising 96 Vietnamese, 11 Spanish Dominicans, and 10 French members of the Paris Foreign Mission Society. Of these 117 martyrs, 8 were bishops, 50 priests (15 Dominicans, 8 members of the Paris Foreign Mission Society, 27 seculars), 1 seminarian, and 58 lay people (9 Dominican tertiaries and 17 catechists). These martyrs were earlier beatified on four separate occasions: 64 in 1900 by Pope Leo XIII; 8 in 1906 by Pope Pius X (all Dominicans); 20 in 1909 also by Pius X; and 25 in 1951 by Pope Pius XII. On 19 June 1988, some 8,000 exiled Vietnamese Catholics participated in the canonization ceremony in Rome. They heard Pope John Paul II announce: "The Vietnamese Church, with its martyrs and its witness, has been able to proclaim its desire and resolve not to reject the cultural traditions and the legal institutions of the country; rather, it has declared and demonstrated that it wants to incarnate them in itself, in order to contribute faithfully to the true building up of the country."

The corporate feast of the saints is November 24. A personal feast day is shown only when it is not the dies natalis. This date is given to aid further research in older documents. For information on the historical background of Vietnam during this period, (see vietnam, catholic church in).

Almato, Pedro (PhêrôAlmato Bình), Dominican priest; b. 1830 at Sassera (Vich), Spain; d. Nov. 1, 1861, at Hải Dủỏng, Tonkin. He was first sent to the Philippines upon his profession as a Dominican. Thereafter he was sent to Ximabara under Jerome Hermosilla, with whom he was beheaded. Beatified 1906.

Berrio-Ochoa, Valentín (Valentine Berriochoa, Valentinô Berrio-Ochoa Vinh), Dominican bishop of Central Tonkin; b. 1827 at Ellorio (Vitoria), Spain; d. Nov. 1, 1861 at Hải Dương, Tonkin. Following his profession in the Order of Preachers, he was sent to the Philippines, where he was known as an especially devout member of the order. In 1858, he was consecrated titular bishop of Tonkin and appointed vicar apostolic. Upon his arrival in Vietnam, he faced persecution by the government and worked in extremely difficult conditions. Like his Master, the bishop was betrayed by one of his own who had apostatized. In 1861, he was arrested, degraded, imprisoned, tortured, and beheaded with Bishop Hermosilla and Fr. Almato. For a time Valentine's cause was separated from the group because his intercession was credited with several miracles. Beatified 1906.

Bonnard, Jean-Louis (John Louis Bonnard Hương), priest; b. 1824 at Saint-Christo-em-Jarez, France; d. May 1, 1852 Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin. He was a attached to the MEP during his work in Annam (Vietnam). While awaiting execution, he wrote a letter of farewell to his family. He was beheaded at the age of 28. Beatified 1900.

Uy Van Bui, Domingo (Dominic Uy, Bùi, Văn Úy Ðaminh), Dominican tertiary, lay catechist; b. 1813 in Tiên Mon, Thâi Bình, Tonkin; d. Dec. 19, 1839, Cổ Mê, Tonkin. He was seized as a Christian with Thomas Ðệ and strangled for refusing to abjure the faith. Beatified 1900.

Buong Viet Tong, Paul (Paul Doi Buong, Paul Tong Viet Buong, Phaolô Tống Viết Bủ[symbol omitted]ng), soldier; b. in Phủ Cam, Huế (Trung Việt); d. Oct. 23, 1833, in Thủ Ðức (Nam Việt) He was the captain of the Emperor Minh-Mạng's bodyguard. As a Christian he became attached to the MEP. He was arrested in 1832, degraded, and suffered for months before he was beheaded. Beatified 1900. Feast: Oct. 22.

Cam, Dominic (Ðaminh Cấm), priest, Dominican tertiary; b. at Cẩm Chương, Bắc Ninh, Tonkin; d. 3 March 1859, at Hưng Yên, Tonkin. Beatified 1951.

Can Nguyen, Francisco Javier (Francis Xavier Can, Phanxicô Xaviê C[symbol omitted]n), lay catechist; b. 1803 at Sơn Miêng (Son-Mieng), Hà Ðông, West Tonkin; d. Nov. 20, 1837, at Ô C[symbol omitted]u Giấy, Tonkin. He was a catechist for the fathers of the MEP. Strangled in prison. Beatified 1900.

Canh Luong Hoang, José (Joseph Canh, Giuse Hoàng Lương Cảnh), physician, Dominican Tertiary; b. ca. 1763–1765 at Làng Văn, Bắc Giang, Tonkin; d. Sept. 5, 1838, at Bắc Ninh, Tonkin. Beheaded. Beatified 1900.

Castađeda, Jacinto (Jacinto Castaneda Gia), Dominican priest; b. 1743 at Jávita (Valencia), Spain; d. Nov. 7, 1773 at Ð[symbol omitted]ng Mơ, Tonkin. After his profession as a Dominican, he was sent to the Philippines. An extant account tells of the difficulties of their sailing across the Atlantic, their march across Mexico, and a difficult final voyage across the Pacific. When they finally arrived, Manila was in the hands of the English. After months of searching for his Dominican brothers, he located the community and was ordained. Thereafter he travelled by ship another 66 days to China, from where he was deported to Tonkin. His ministry lasted for only a very short time before he was arrested and imprisoned for three years. He was beheaded with Vincent Liêm. Beatified 1906.

Chieu van Do, Francisco (Francis Chieu, Francis Do van Chieu, Phanxicô Ðỗ Văn Chiểu), Dominican tertiary, Castadlay catechist; b. ca. 1796–97 at Trung Lễ, Liên Thủy, Nam Ðinh, Tonkin; d. June 12, 1838 at Nam Ðịnh. Francis aided the Dominican priests in their Vietnamese mission. He was captured in the village of Kiên-Lao with Bishop Dominic Henares, whom he was serving as catechist, and beheaded with him. His remains were also retrieved by Christians seeking their preservation. Beatified 1900. Feast: June 25.

Con, John Baptist (Gioan Baotixita Cỏn), married man, lay catechist; b. 1805 at Kẻ Bàng, Nam Ðịnh (near Hanoi, Tonkin); d. Nov. 8, 1840, at Bảy Mẫu, Tonkin. Beheaded. Beatified 1900. Feast: Nov. 7.

Cornay, Jean-Charles (John Cornay, John Corny, Jean-Charles Cornay Tân), priest; b. 1809 at Loudun (Poitiers), France; d. Sept. 20, 1837, at Sơn Tây (West Tonkin). Cornay worked in Annam (Vietnam) as a member of the MEP. He was arrested at Bả n-no, Tonkin. He had been framed by the wife of a brigand chief, who had planted weapons in a plot of land that he cultivated. Thereafter Cornay was kept in a cage for three months and taken out only to be bound and brutally beaten. He was compelled to use his fine voice to sing to his captors. Beatified 1900. Feast: Feb. 8.

Cuénot, Étienne-Théodore (Stephen Cuénot, Étienne-Théodore Cuénot Thể), bishop, vicar apostolic; b. 1802 at Beaulieu, Besaňon, France; d. Nov. 14, 1861, at Bình Ðịnh, Cochin-China (Nam Việt). He was ordained, became a member of the MEP, and was sent to Annam (Vietnam). In 1833, he was appointed vicar apostolic of East Cochin-China and consecrated bishop in Singapore. He labored in the missions, establishing three vicarates during his 25-year episcopate. When the persecutions heightened he was safely hidden until he had to emerge for water at which time he was arrested. He died of dysentery just before the edict for his execution arrived. Beatified 1909. Feast: Feb. 8.

Dac Nguyen, Matthew (Matthew Nguyen van Phuong, Matthew Phung, Matthêô Nguyễn Văn Ðắc (Phương), lay catechist; b. ca. 1801 at Kẻ Lai (Ke-lay), Quảng Bình (Trung Việt); d. May 26, 1861, near Ð[symbol omitted]ng-Hới (Trung Việt). Like Andrew Dung-Lac, he used an alias. Beheaded. Beatified 1909.

Da, Peter (Peter Da, Phêrô Ða), lay catechist; b. at Ngọc Cục, Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin; d. June 17, 1862, in Nam Ðịnh. He was burnt alive in a bamboo hut with two Catholic fishermen. Beatified 1951.

Dat Dinh, Domingo Nicolás (Dominic Nicholas Dat, Ðaminh Ðinh Ðạt), soldier; b. 1803 in Phú Nhai, Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin; d. 18 July 1838, in Nam Ðịnh. When it was discovered that Dominic was a convert to Christianity, he was arrested, and stripped of his military position for embracing the faith. He may have been a Dominican tertiary. Strangled. Beatified 1900.

Dat, Juan (John Dat, Gioan Ðạt), priest; b. ca. 1764 in Ð[symbol omitted]ng Chuối, Thanh Hóa (Trung Việt); d. Oct. 28, 1798, in West Tonkin. Ðạt, described as a man of great serenity, was ordained to the priesthood in 1798. Following his arrest as an outlawed priest, he was held in captivity for three months, then beheaded. He and Emmanuel Triệu were the first Vietnamese diocesan priests for whose martyrdom a written account has been preserved. Beatified 1900.

De Van Nguyen, Tomás (Thomas De, Tôma Nguyễn Văn Ðệ), tailor, Dominican tertiary; b. 1810, in B[symbol omitted] Trang, Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin; d. 19 Dec. 1839, in Cổ Mê, Tonkin. He was strangled with four Dominic Uy, Francis Xavier Mậu, Stephen Vinh, and another companion for giving shelter to the missionaries. Beatified 1900.

Delgado y Cebrian, Ignacio (Ignatius Delgado, Clemente Ignatius Delgado, Clementé Ignaxiô Delgado Hy); Dominican bishop of East Tonkin; b. ca. 1761 at Villa Felice, Spain; d. July 21, 1838, at Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin. Most of the information on Delgado derives from the decree of condemnation. After professing himself as a Dominican, he was sent to the Tonkinese mission, where he labored for nearly 50 years and was appointed vicar apostolic of East Tonkin. He had been hidden in the village of Kien-Lao until he was betrayed through the artful questioning of a young boy. The bishop was locked in a cage. When questioned he answered truthfully about himself but would reveal nothing about other Christians. For this the 76-year-old bishop died of dysentery and hunger in a cage exposed to the summer sun. After his death soldiers cut off his head and tossed his remains into the river, where they were recovered by fishermen and honorably buried by Jerome Hermosilla. Beatified 1900. Feast: July 11.

Diaz Sanjurjo, José (Joseph Diaz, Giuse Maria Diaz Sanjuro An), Dominican bishop, vicar apostolic; b. 1818 at Santa Eulalia de Suegos, Lugo, Spain; d. July 20, 1857 in Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin. His parents had determined that he would have a successful career using his literary skills. He secretly entered the Dominicans at Ocada, Spain. There he was trained for the missions. He made his vows at Cadiz prior to undertaking the 120-day voyage to Manila, where he was assigned teaching duties at the University of Santo Tomás. After six months, he entered Tonkin with Melchoir Garcia-Sampedro under the cover of night disguised in native dress. Shortly thereafter, Diaz was appointed vicar apostolic of Central Tonkin with Garcia as his coadjutor. Although the Christian community tried to hide them as the persecution intensified. Sanjuro was arrested in a surprise raid and imprisoned for two months during which he demonstrated his forgiveness of his betrayer. He was beheaded and his body thrown into the sea. Beatified 1951.

Dich Nguyen, Anthony (Anthony Nguyen Dich, Antôn Nguyễn Ðích), farmer; b. in Chi Long, Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin; d. Aug. 12, 1838, Bảy Mẫu, Tonkin. Anthony used his wealth from agriculture generously to assist the work of the MEP. He was arrested for sheltering priests, including James Nam, who were fleeing government persecution. Beheaded. Beatified 1900.

Diem The Nguyen, Vincent (Vinh Sơn Nguyễn Thế Ðiểm), priest; b. 1761 at An Ðô, Quảng Trị (Trung Việt); d. Nov., 28. 1838, at Ð[symbol omitted]ng Hới (Trung Việt). Beheaded. Beatified 1900.

Du Viet Dinh, Tomás (Thomas Du, Tôma Ðinh Viết Dụ), priest, Dominican tertiary; b. 1774 at Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin; d. Nov. 26, 1839, at Bảy Mẫu, Tonkin. After his ordination Thomas worked in the Province of Nam-Ðịnh. He underwent horrible tortures before he was beheaded. Beatified 1900. Feast: May 31.

Due Van Vo, Bernardo (Bernard Vo van Due, Bênađô Võ Văn Duệ), priest; b. 1755 at Qu[symbol omitted]n Anh, Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin; d. Nov. 26, 1838, at Ba Tòa, Tonkin. Bernard converted to the faith, studied in the seminary, and was ordained. After laboring for many years in the mission, Bernard retired. He was living quietly until he felt called to offer himself to the soldiers as a Christian priest. Beheaded at age 83. Beatified 1900. Feast: August 1.

Dumoulin-Borie, Pierre (Peter Dumoulin, Phêrô Dumoulin-Borie Cao), missionary priest of the MEP; b. 1808 at Cors (diocese of Tulle), France; d. Nov. 24, 1838, at Ð[symbol omitted]ng Hới (Trung Việt). Peter studied for the priesthood in Paris, was ordained in 1832, and sent to Tonkin. He was arrested in 1836. While in prison he was appointed vicar apostolic and titular bishop of Western Tonkin, but was never consecrated. Beatified 1900.

Dung Lac An Tran, Andrew (Anrê Tr[symbol omitted]n An Dũng (Lạc), priest; b. ca. 1795 in Bắc Ninh, Tonkin; d. Dec. 21, 1839, C[symbol omitted]u Giấy, Tonkin. When Dũng An Tr[symbol omitted]n was 12, his family moved to Hanoi (Hà-Nội) to find work. His non-Christian parents allowed their son to receive instruction from a lay catechist so that he might benefit from the education generally denied the poor. He was baptized Andrew at Vịnh-Tri. He studied Chinese and Latin, served as a catechist for ten years, and then was ordained to the priesthood in 1823. He was a tireless preacher—both by word and example—in several parishes until his arrest in 1835 as a Christian. His parishioners gathered the money needed to purchase his release. Thereafter, he changed his name from Dũng to Lạc in order to disguise his identity and went to another area to continue his ministry. On Nov. 10, 1839, he was again arrested with another Vietnamese priest, Peter Thi. Both were freed once ransom was paid on their behalf, but they were soon arrested again and taken to Hanoi, where priests of the MEP were singled out for especially harsh punishment. Beheaded. Beatified 1900. Feast formerly on December 26.

Dung Van Dinh, Peter (Phêrô Dũng), lay catechist;b. in Ð[symbol omitted]ng Hào, Thái Bình, Tonkin; d. June 6, 1862, in Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin. Beatified 1951.

Duong, Paul (Paul Dong, Phalô Vũ Văn Dương (Ðổng), layman; b. 1792 at Vực Ðủ[symbol omitted]ng, Hưng Yên, Tonkin; d. June 3, 1862, in Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin. Beatified 1951.

Duong Van Truong, Peter (Peter Truong Dang Duong, Phêrô Trương Văn Ðủ[symbol omitted]ng), lay catechist; b. 1808 at Kẻ Sở, Hà Nam, Tonkin; d. Dec. 18, 1838, at Sơn Tây (West Tonkin). He was strangled together with another catechist, Peter Truật. Beatified 1900.

Duong, Vincent (Vinh-sơn Dương), layman; b. in Doãn Trung, Thái Bình, Tonkin; d. June 6, 1862, at Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin. Beatified 1951.

Fernández, José (Joseph Fernández, Giuse Fernández Hi[symbol omitted]n), Dominican priest; b. 1775 at Ventosa de la Cueva, Spain; d. July 24, 1838 in Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin. After his profession as a Dominican friar, he studied in the seminary expressly to serve in the Vietnamese mission. In 1805, he was sent to Tonkin, where he was ordained. He was appointed provincial vicar there and arrested shortly thereafter. Beheaded. Beatified 1900. Feast: July 11.

Gagelin, François (Francis Isidore Gagelin, François-Isidore Gagelin Kính), priest; b. 1799 at Montperreux (Besaňon), France; d. Oct. 17, 1833 in Bãi Dău (B[symbol omitted]ng Sơn). Belonged to the MEP. Sent to Cochin-China (Nam Việt) in 1822 (age 23), where he was ordained to the priesthood upon his arrival. He worked zealously until the outbreak of persecution, when he gave himself up to the mandarin of B[symbol omitted]ng Sơn and was strangled. Beatified 1900.

Gam Van Le, Matthew (Matthew Le van Gam, Matthêô Lê Văn Gẫm), merchant; b. ca. 1812 in Gò Công, Biên Hòa, Cochin-China (Nam-Việt); d. May 11, 1847, in Ch[symbol omitted] Ðũi (Nam Việt). As a dedicated member of the MEP, he carried the missionaries in his fishing boat from Singapore to Annam (Vietnam). He was captured in this illegal act in 1846, imprisoned, tortured, and beheaded. Beatified 1900. Feast: May 26.

Garcia Sampedro, Melchoir (Melchior Garcia-Sampedro Xuyên), Dominican, vicar apostolic; b. 1821 at Cortes, Asturias, Spain; d. July 28, 1858, in Nam Ðịnh. Melchoir was born into a poor family that was unable to provide him with an education. He earned his way through school by teaching grammar to younger students. He opted to become a Dominican (1845) and was prepared for the missions at the novitiate at Ocada. He went to the Philippines, and then to Tonkin in an arduous journey (with José Diaz Sanjurjo). Shortly after their arrival Garcia was named coadjutor to Diaz, the vicar apostolic. While Gracia wanted to proclaim publically that he was a priest, the local Christian community convinced him that his presence with them was needed, and they kept him in hiding. Evenutally Garcia was found, arrested, and put in a cage with two native brothers. He was hacked to death, the brothers beheaded, and their remains were thrown into a ditch. Some of their relics were recovered. Beatified 1951.

Gil de Federich, Francisco (Francis Gil, Phanxicô Gil de Fedrich Tế), Dominican priest; b. 1702 in Tortosa, Cataluda, Spain; d. Jan. 22, 1745 at Thăng Long, Tonkin. Francis was educated in Barcelona and became a Dominican there before being sent to the Philippines. In 1732, he continued on to Tonkin, where he was arrested in 1742. During his confinement Gil directed a fruitful apostolate, then he was beheaded. He is the earliest martyr of whom there is substantial documentation. Beatified 1906. Feast: Jan. 29.

Hanh Van Nguyen, Domingo (Dominic Du, Dominic Nguyen van Hanh, Ðaminh Nguyễn Văn Hạnh), Hạnh is his alias; his real name is Domingo Dụ, Dominican priest; b. 1772 in Năng A, Nghệ An (Trung Việt); d. Aug. 1, 1838, in Ba Tòa, Tonkin. He ministered as a priest to persecuted Christians for decades before his arrest and execution as a Christian at age 67. Beatified 1900.

Hanh, Paul (Phaolô Hạnh), layman; b. 1826 in Ch[symbol omitted] Quán, Gia Ðịnh, Cochin-China; d. May 28, 1859 near Saigon (Ho-Chi-Minh City). He abandoned formal practice of his faith to join a band of outlaws, although he secretly assisted the Christian community. When he was arrested for his crimes, he professed his faith and, after torture, was beheaded. Beatified 1909.

Henares, Domingo (Dominic Henarez, Ðaminh Henares Minh); Dominican auxiliary bishop; b. 1765 in Baena, Cordova, Spain; d. June 25, 1838, in Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin. He was appointed bishop-coadjutor (1803) to Ignatius Delgado, vicar apostolic of Tonkin. After working for about 50 years in Vietnam, Bishop Henares hid himself in the village of Kiên-Lao with his bishop during a renewed outbreak of persecution. He managed to escape immediate arrest by hiding himself in a fishing boat. The boatman betrayed him, and a detachment of 500 soldiers Quán, Gia Ði was sent to arrest Henares and his catechist Francis Chiểu. They were kept separate from Delgado and beheaded two weeks after their bishop's death. His body was recovered and buried by Hermosilla. Beatified 1900.

Hermosilla, Jeronimo (Jerome Hermosilla, Jêrônimô Hermosilla Liêm), Dominican bishop East Tonkin; b. 1880 at Santo Domingo de la Calzada, Old Castile, Spain;d. Nov. 1, 1861, Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin. After his profession as a Dominican, he was sent to Manila, where he was ordained. In 1828, he was appointed to the mission at East Tonkin. In April 1841, he succeeded Ignatius Delgado as vicar apostolic and consecrated bishop, which marked him for persecution. Nevertheless, he was able to serve his flock for 20 years. As his first episcopal task, he gathered the relics of his two predecessors and recorded the eyewitness accounts of their martyrdoms. After many trials and the loss of some of his finest supporters, Hermosilla was betrayed by an apostate. He and Berrio-Ochoa had been hidden aboard a ship that would take them to a group of Christians. They were captured, humiliated, and finally beheaded. Their bodies were guarded for several days to prevent Christians from rescuing the relics. Beatified 1906.

Hien Quang Do, José (Joseph Hien, Joseph Yen, Giuse Ðỗ Quang Hiển), Dominican priest; b. 1775 in Ð[symbol omitted]ng Chuối, Ninh Bình, Tonkin; d. May 9, 1840, at Nam-Ðịnh, Tonkin. Beheaded. Beatified 1900. Feast: June 27.

Hieu Van Nguyen, Peter (Peter Nguyen van Hieu, Phêrô Nguyễn Văn Hiếu, lay catechist; b. 1783 in Ð[symbol omitted]ng Chuối, Ninh Bình, Tonkin; d. there on April 28, 1840. His attachment to the MEP led to his beheading during the persecution of Minh-Mạng. Beatified 1900.

Hoa Dac Phan, Simon (Simon Phan Dac Hoa, Simon Phan Dac Thu, Simon Phan Ðắc Hòa), lay physician; b. 1778 in Mai Vĩnh, Th[symbol omitted]a Thiên (Trung Việt); d. Dec. 12, 1840, in An Hòa (Trung Việt). In addition to serving his community as a doctor, Simon was mayor of his native village. A married man with 12 children, he also assisted the evangelization efforts of the MEP. He persisted in coming to the aid of the persecuted clergy, which led to his arrest, torture, and execution. Beatified 1909.

Hoan trinh Doan, John (John Doan trinh Hoan, Gioan Ðoàn Trinh Hoan), priest; b. ca. 1790 at Kim-Long, Th[symbol omitted]a Thiên (Trung Việt); d. May 26, 1861 near Ð[symbol omitted]ng Hới (Trung Việt). He received his education from the missionaries ministering in his land, continued his education through the seminary, and was ordained. Beheaded under King Tự-Ðức. Beatified 1909.

Huong Van Nguyen, Lawrence (Lorenzo Huong, Laurensô Nguyễn Văn Hưởng), priest; b. ca. 1802 in Kẻi Sài, Hà Nội, Tonkin; d. Feb. 10, 1855 or 56, near Ninh-Bình, West Tonkin. Beatified 1909. Feast: April 27.

Huy Viet Phan, Augustin (Augustine Phan Viet Huy, Augustinô Phan Viết Huy), soldier; b. 1795 in Hạ Linh, Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin; d. June 12, 1838, Thừa Thiên (Trung Việt). Beatified 1900. Feast: June 13.

Huyen, Dominic (Ðaminh Huyện), layman; b. 1817 in Ðông Thành, Thái Bình, Tonkin; d. June 5, 1862, in Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin. Beatified 1951.

Hy-Dinh-Ho, Michael (Michael Ho dinh Hy, Micae H[symbol omitted] Ðình Hy), mandarin (high government official); b. ca. 1808 at Nhu Lâm (Nhu-lam); d. May 22, 1857 at An-Hòa near Huế (Trung Việt). Michael was born into a noble, Christian family. He became a great mandarin and superintendent of the royal silk mills. For a long time he did not practice his faith, but eventually he became a leader and protector of his fellow-Christians. Beheaded. Beatified 1909.

Jaccard, François (Francis Jaccard, Phanxicô Jaccard Phan), priest; b. 1799 at Onnion, Annecy, Savoy, France; d. Sept. 21, 1838, at Nhan Bi[symbol omitted]u (Trung Việt). He entered the seminary for MEP in Paris, was ordained, and was sent to Cochin-China (Nam Việt) in 1826. Strangled. Beatified 1900.

Kham Viet Pham, Dominic (Dominic An-Kham, Ðaminh Phạm Viết Khảm), judge, Dominican tertiary; b. 1799 at Qu[symbol omitted]n Cống, Nam Ðịnh ; d. Jan. 13, 1859 in Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin. He was a wealthy, respected member of the community, as well as the prior of the Dominican Confraternity. He died with his son and several other wealthy members of the Confraternity who were protecting missionaries. Beatified 1951.

Khang Duy Nguyen, Jose (Joseph Klang, Giuse Nguyen Duy Khang), servant, Dominican tertiary; b. 1832 at Trà Vi (Tra-vi), Nam-Ðịnh, Tonkin; d. Dec. 6, 1861, at Hải Dương, Tonkin. Joseph was Bishop Hermosilla's servant. While trying to rescue his master from prison, he was caught, tortured, and finally beheaded. Beatified 1906.

Khanh, Peter (Phêrô Khanh), priest; b. 1780 at Hòa Duệ, Nghệ An (Trung Việt); d. July 12, 1842, Hà Tĩnh (Trung Việt). Beheaded. Beatified 1909.

Khoan Khan Pham, Paul (Phaolô Phạm Khắc Khoan), priest; b. 1771 in Duyên Mậu, Ninh Bình, Tonkin; d. there, April 28, 1840. Paul studied with the MEP, was ordained, and labored with the missionaries for 40 years. He was imprisoned and tortured for two years prior to his decapitation. Beatified 1900. Feast: April 28.

Khuong, Thomas (Thomas Huong, Tôma Khuông), priest, Dominican tertiary; b. 1789 at Nam Hào, Hưng Yên, Tonkin; d. there Jan. 30, 1860. Son of a mandarin, he suffered great tortures before his death. Beatified 1951.

Phung van Le, Emmanuel (Manuel Phung, Emmanuel Lê Văn Phụng), mandarin, catechist; b. 1796 at Ð[symbol omitted]u-Nước, Cù Lao Giêng (Nam Việt); d. July 31, 1859, near Châu Ðốc (Nam Việt). Emmanuel was the father of a family. Garrotted. Beatified 1909.

Lenziniana, Mateo Alonzo (Matthew Leziniana, Matthew Liciniana, Matthêô Alonzo-Leciniana Ðậu), Dominican priest; b. 1702 at Navas del Rey (Valladolid), Spain; d. Jan. 22, 1745, at Thăng Long, Tonkin. Matthew was sent to Philippines after his ordination, then to Tonkin. There he ministered furtively to the Christian community while dodging the authorities for 13 years. He was beheaded with Francisco Gil and is one of the earliest of the canonized martyrs of Vietnam. Beatified 1906.

Liem de la Paz, Vicente (Vincent Liem da Pace, Vinh-sơn Lê Quang Liêm), Dominican priest; b. 1732 in Trà Lũ, Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin; d. Nov. 7, 1773, in Ð[symbol omitted]ng Mơ, Tonkin. Vincent was born into the nobility of Tonkin. He labored as a priest for 14 years with Dominican Bishop Hyacinth Casteđeda prior to his arrest and execution by decapitation. Liêm is the first Indo-Chinese Dominican known to be martyred for the faith. Beatified 1906. Feast: November 7.

Loan Ba Vu, Luke (Luke Vu Ba Loan, Luca Vũ Bá Loan), priest; b. 1756 in Trại Bút, Phú Ða, Tonkin; d. June 5, 1840, at Ô C[symbol omitted]u Giấy, Tonkin. Luke was raised in a Christian family. He ministered for decades to a people who revered him; beheaded for his priesthood. Beatified 1900. Feast: June 4.

Loc Van Le, Paul (Paul Lok, Paul Le van Loc, Phaolô Lê Văn Lộc), priest; b. ca. 1830 at An Nhơn, Gia Ðịnh; d. Feb. 13, 1859 at Gia Ðịnh (Saigon or Ho-Chi-Minh City). He served in the army prior to entering the seminary; beheaded shortly after his ordination to the priesthood. Beatified 1909.

Luu van Nguyen, Joseph (Joseph Nguyen van Luu, Giuse Nguyễn Văn Lựu), lay catechist; b. ca. 1790 at Cái-Nhum (Nam Việt); d. May 2, 1854 or 55, at Vĩnh-long (Nam Việt). He died in prison from torture and abuse. Beatified 1909.

Mao Trong Ha, Dominic (Dominic Mao, Ðaminh Maọ), layman; b. 1818 in Ngọc Cục, Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin; d. June 16, 1862, in Làng Cốc, Tonkin. Beatified 1951.

Marchand, Joseph (Giuse Marchand Du), priest; b. 1803 at Passavant, Besaňçon, France; d. Nov. 30, 1835, in Th[symbol omitted] Ðúc near Saigon (Ho-Chi-Minh City). Joseph completed his theological studies at the seminary of (Nam Vie MEP, was ordained, and sent to Annam (Vietnam). He was arrested at Saigon. Beatified 1900.

Mau, Dominic (Dominic Mau, Ðaminh M[symbol omitted]u), Dominican priest; b. 1808 in Phú Nhai, Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin;d. Nov. 5, 1858, in Hưng Yên, Tonkin. He died after a long torture. Beatified 1951.

Mau, Francisco Javier (Francis Xavier) (Phanxicô Xaviê Hà Trọng Mậu), Dominican tertiary, catechist; b. 1790, in Kẻ Đi[symbol omitted]u, Thái Bình, Tonkin; d. Dec. 19, 1839, in Cổ Mê, Tonkin. He was strangled with four companions, including Stephen Vinh and Dominic Uy. Beatified 1900.

Moi Van Nguyen, Agustín (Augustine Moi, Augustinô Nguyễn Văn Mới), day-laborer, Dominican tertiary;b. 1806 at Phù Trang, Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin; d. Dec. 19, in Cổ Mê, Tonkin. Agustín was known for his piety and charity, though a poor man himself. Strangled. Beatified 1900. Feast: Dec. 18.

Minh Van Phan, Philip (Philip Phan van Minh, Philiphê Phan Văn Minh), priest; b. 1815 in Cái Mơn, Vĩnh Long (Caimon); d. July 3, 1853, at Ðinh Khao. Philip joined the MEP and was ordained a priest for East Cochin-China (Mi[symbol omitted]n Tây Nam Việt). Beheaded. Beatified 1900.

My Huy Nguyen, Michael (Michael Mi, Michael Nguyen Huy My, Micae Nguyễn Huy Mỹ), married farmer; b. 1804 in Kẻ Vĩnh, Hà Nội, Tonkin; d. Aug. 12, 1838, in Bảy Mẫu, Tonkin. Michael had been mayor of Vĩnh-Tri, where several of the saints were arrested. He served the Church faithfully, but gave special assistance to Anthony Ðích, his son-in-law, to protect the missionaries during the persecution. When Ðích tried to hide Fr. James Năm in 1838, they were all arrested and beheaded. Beatified 1900.

My Van Nguyen, Paul (Paul Mi, Phaolô Nguyễn Văn Mỹ), layman; b. 1798 at Kẻ Non, Hà Nam, Tonkin; d. Dec. 18, 1838, at Sơn Tây. He was attached to the MEP. Strangled. Beatified 1900.

Nam, James (Jacob Nam, James Mai Nami, Giacôbê Ðỗ Mai Năm), priest; b. 1781 in Ðông Biên, Thanh Hóa (Trung Việt); d. Aug. 12, 1838, in Bảy Mẫu, Tonkin. James, a priest attached to the MEP, found refuge from persecution for a long period in the home of Anthony Ðích. He was discovered and both were arrested together with Anthony's father-in-law, Michael Mỹ. Beheaded. Beatified 1900.

Néron, Pierre-François (Peter Francis Néron, Phêrô Phanxicô Néron Bắc), priest; b. 1818 at Bornay, Saint-Claude (Jura), France; d. Nov. 3, 1860, in Sơn Tây (West Tonkin). He entered the MEP in 1846, was ordained two years later (1848), and sent to Hong Kong. He labored in West Tonkin as director of the central seminary until his arrest and decapitation. Beatified 1909.

Ngan Nguyen, Paul (Phaolô Nguyễn Ngân), priest; b. 1771 in Kẻ Biên, Thanh Hóa (Trung Việt); d. Nov. 8, 1840, in Bảy Mẫu, Nam-Ðịnh, Tonkin. Beatified 1900.

Nghi, José (Joseph Nien Kim, Joseph Nguyen Dinh Nghi, Giuse Nguyễn Ðình Nghi), priest; b. 1771 in Kẻ V[symbol omitted]i, Hà Nội, Tonkin; d. Nov. 8, 1840 in Bảy Mẩu, Tonkin. He was beheaded because he was a member of the MEP. Beatified 1900.

Ngon, Lorenzo (Lawrence Ngon, Laurensô Ngôn), layman; b. at Lục Thủy, Nam Ðịnh; d. May 22, 1862, in Ðịnh. Beatified 1951.

Nguyen, Domingo (Dominic Nguyen, Ðaminh Nguyện), layman; b. 1802 in Ngọc Cục, Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin; d. June 16, 1862, in Làng Cốc, Tonkin. Beatified 1951.

Nhi, Domingo (Dominic Nhi, Ðaminh Nhi), layman;b. at Ngọc Cục, Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin; d. June 16, 1861, in Làng Cốc, Tonkin. Beatified 1951.

Ninh, Dominic (Ðaminh Ninh), layman; b. 1835 in Trung Linh, Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin; d. June 2, 1862, at An Triêm. Beatified 1951.

Nguyen, Huu Nam Anthony (Anthony Quynh-Nam, Antôn Nguyễn Hữu Quỳnh), physician, lay catechist; b. 1768 in Mỹ Hương, Quảng Bình (Trung Việt); d. July 10, 1840, Ð[symbol omitted]ng Hới (Trung Việt). He was arrested in 1838 because of his attachment to the MEP. During his two-year imprisonment he tended the inmates and endured tortures. Strangled. Beatified 1900. Feast: November 24.

Nguyễn Văn Lựu (Luu, Peter) Phêrô, priest; b. 1812 at Gò Vấp, Gia Ðịnh (Nam Việt); d. April 7, 1861, at Mỹ Tho (Nam Việt). Beatified 1909.

Nguyen, Van Vinh, Esteban (Stephen Vinh, Stephanô Nguyễn Văn Vinh), lay catechist, Dominican tertiary; b. 1814 in Phù Trang, Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin; d. Dec. 19, 1839, at Cổ Mê, Tonkin. Devout peasant; strangled with 4 companions, including Thomas Ðệ. Beatified 1900.

Pham, Trong Ta Joseph (Joseph Cai Ta, Cai Tả, Giuse Phạm Trọng Tả), soldier; b. 1800 at Qu[symbol omitted]n Cống, Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin; d. Jan. 13, 1859, in Nam Ðịnh. Tortured to death. Beatified 1951.

Quy Cong Doan, Pedro (Peter Qui, Phêrô Ðoàn Công Quý), priest; b. 1826 in Búng, Gia Ðịnh (Nam Việt); d. July 31, 1859 in Châu Ðốc (Nam Việt) Beheaded. Beatified 1909.

Schoeffler, Agustin (Augustine Schoeffler Ðông), priest, Dominican tertiary; b. 1822 at Mittelbronn (Nancy) Lorraine, France; d. May 1, 1851 in Sơn Tây (West Tonkin). Augustine joined the MEP and was sent to Vietnam in 1848. He labored in the missions for only a short time before his arrest and beheading. Beatified 1900.

Ta, Duc Thinh, Martin (Matthew Ta Duc Thinh, Martin Thinh, Martinô Tạ Ðức Thịnh), priest; b. 1760 in Kẻ Sặt, Hà Nội, Tonkin; d. Nov. 8, 1840, in Bảy Mẫu, Tonkin. Martin, a member of the MEP, labored for decades as a priest to his own people. Beheaded with Martin Thọ. Beatified 1900.

Thanh Van Dinh, Juan-Baptist (John Baptist Thanh, Gioan B. Ðinh Văn Thành), lay catechist; b. 1796 in Nộn Khê, Ninh Bình, Tonkin; d. April 28, 1840, Ninh Bình. He was beheaded with Peter Hiếu and Paul Khoan because of his attachment to the MEP. Beatified 1900.

Thanh Thi Le, Inés (Agnes De, Inê Lê ThịThành [Bà Ðe]), married woman; b. 1781 at Bái-Ð[symbol omitted]n, West Tonkin;d. July 12, 1841, at Nam-Ðịnh. She was born into a Christian family and was the mother of six. She was caught carrying letters from the Christians in prison and arrested. Died in prison. Beatified 1909. Feast: Feb. 18.

Thé, Nicolás (Nicholas Duc Bui, Nicholas Bui Buc The, Nicôla Bùi Ðức Thế), soldier, b. 1792 in Kiên Trung, Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin; d. June 12, 1838, at Th[symbol omitted]a Thiên (Trung Việt). Beatified 1900. Feast: June 13.

Thi Dang Le, José (Joseph Le dang Thi, Giuse Lê Ðăng Thi), soldier; b. 1825 at Kẻ Văn, Quảng Trị (Trung, Việt); d. Oct. 25, 1860 at An-Hòa (Trung Việt). A captain in the army of King Tự-Ðức. Once it was discovered that he was a Christian and he refused to deny his faith, he was garrotted. Beatified 1909. Feast: Oct. 24.

Thi Văn Truong, Pedro (Peter Pham Thi, Phêrô Trương Vŭn Thi), priest; b. 1763 at Kẻ Sở, Hà Nội, Tonkin; d. Dec. 21, 1839, at Ô C[symbol omitted]u Giấy, Tonkin. Beheaded. Beatified 1900. Feast: December 20.

Thien van Tran, Tomás (Thomas Tran Dien, Thomas Tran van Thien, Tôma Tr[symbol omitted]n Văn Thiện), seminarian, lay catechist; b. 1820 at Trung Quán, Quảng Bình (Trung Việt); d. Sept. 21, 1838, in Nhan Bi[symbol omitted]u (Trung Việt). He was studying with MEP, preparing for ordination at the time of his arrest. After being scourged, he was strangled at the age of 18. Beatified 1900. Feast: September 21.

Thin Trong Pham, Luca (Lucius Cai Thin, Luca Phạm Trọng Thìn), layman; b. 1819 in Qu[symbol omitted]n Cống, Nam Ðịnh ; d. Jan. 13, 1862, in Nam Ðịnh. Beatified 1951.

Tho, Martin (Martinô Thọ), tax collector; b. 1787 at Kẻ Bàng, Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin; d. Nov. 8, 1840, in Bảy Mẫu, Tonkin. Martin, the head of his parish council, was martyred with Martin Tinh, an 80-year-old native priest, and Joseph Nghi. Beatified 1900.

Thong Kim Nguyen, Andrew (Andrew Thong Kim Nguyen, Anrê Nguyễn Kim Thông (Năm Thuông), politician, lay catechist; b. ca. 1790 in Gò Thị, Bình Ðịnh (Trung Việt); d. July 15, 1855, in Mỹ Tho (Mi[symbol omitted]en Tây Nam Việt). Andrew, the chief of his village, was exiled at the beginning of the persecution because of his devotion to the Catholic faith. He died from exhaustion and dehydration en route to exile at Mỹ-Tho. Beatified 1909. Feast: February 18.

Thuan, Peter (Phêrô Thu[symbol omitted]n), fisherman; b. at Ðông Phú, Thái Bình, Tonkin; d. June 6, 1862, in Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin. Burnt alive with Peter Ða. Beatified 1951.

Tinh Bao Le, Paul (Paul Le Bao Tinh, Phaolô Lê Bảo Tịnh), priest; b. 1793 at Trinh-Hà, Tonkin; d. April 6, 1857 at Sơn Tây (West Tonkin). He wrote a letter to the seminary of Kẻ Vĩnh in 1843 detailing the sufferings of Christian prisoners. Beheaded. Beatified 1909. Feast: April 6.

Toai, Domingo (Dominic Toai, Ðaminh Toái), fisherman; b. 1811 in Ðông Thành, Thái Bình, Tonkin; d. June 5, 1862, in Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin. Burnt alive with Peter Ða and Peter Thu[symbol omitted]n. Beatified 1951.

Toan, Tomás (Thomas Toan, Tôma Toán), Dominican tertiary, lay catechist; b. 1767 in C[symbol omitted]n Phan, Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin; d. June 27, 1840, in Nam Ðịnh. Although he was teaching the faith to others, Thomas's faith waivered. After showing signs of apostatizing, he repented. In consequence, he was tortured and starved to death. Beatified 1900.

Trach, Domingo (Dominic Doai, Ðaminh Trạch (Ðoài), priest, Dominican tertiary; b. 1792 in Ngoại B[symbol omitted]i, Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin; d. Sept. 18, 1840, at Bảy Mẫu, Tonkin. Dominic, a native Dominican priest, had labored to evangelize his own land until his arrest. The following year Dominic was given the choice to renounce the faith and go free or suffer death. He confessed and encouraged his friends before his own beheading. Beatified 1900.

Tran, van Tuan Joseph (Giuse Tuân), Dominican priest; b. 1821 in Trân Xá, Hưng Yên, Tonkin; d. there April 30, 1861, after a long torture. Beatified 1951.

Trieu van Nguyen, Manuel (Emmanuel Nguyen van-Trieu, Emmanuel Nguyễn Văn Triệu), priest; b. ca. 1756 in Saigon (Ho-Chi-Minh City), Phú Xuân, Huế; d. Sept. 17, 1798, in Bãi Dâu (B[symbol omitted]ng Sơn). Emmanuel, who had been born into a Christian family, joined the army. Later he was ordained to the priesthood at Pong-King and worked with his brother priests in the Paris Foreign Mission Society. He was arrested while visiting his mother and beheaded, becoming one of the first Vietnamese diocesan priests to die for the faith. Beatified 1900.

Trong Van Tran, Andrew (Andrew Tran van Trong, Anrê Tr[symbol omitted]n Văn Trông), soldier; b. 1817 in Kim Long, Huế (Trung Việt); d. Nov. 28, 1835 at An Hòa, Huế. Trong was a young native soldier or silk-weaver to the king of Annam (Việt Nam) and attached to the MEP. When this affiliation was discovered by the authorities in 1834, he was arrested, stripped of his military rank, and imprisoned. Beatified 1900. Feast: November 18.

Truat Van Vu, Peter (Peter Truat, Phêrô Vũ Văn Truật), lay catechist; b. 1816 in Kẻ Thiếc, Hà Nam, Tonkin; d. Dec. 18, 1838, in Sơn Tây (West Tonkin). Beatified 1900.

Trung Van Tran, Francisco (Francis Tran van Trung, Phanxicô Tr[symbol omitted]n Văn Trung), soldier; b. 1825 in Phan-Xã; d. May 2, 1858, at An-Hòa (Trung Việt). Francis was a corporal in the army, who converted to Christianity. Beheaded. Beatified 1909. Feast: October 6.

Tu Khac Nguyen, Pedro (Peter Tu, Phêrô Nguyễn Khắ Tư:), lay catechist; b. 1811 in Ninh Bình, Tonkin;d. July 10, 1840, in Ð[symbol omitted]ng Hới (Trung Việt). Beheaded. Beatified 1900.

Tu Van Nguyen, Peter (Phêrô Nguyễn Văn Tự), Dominican priest; b. 1796 in Ninh Củ[symbol omitted]ng, Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin; d. Sept. 5, 1838, in Bắc. Ninh, Tonkin. Beatified 1900.

Tuan, Joseph (Giuse Tuân), layman; b. 1825 in Nam Ði[symbol omitted]n, Nam Ðịnh; d. Jan. 7, 1862, in Nam Ðịnh. Beatified 1951.

Tuan Ba Nguyen, Pedro (Peter Tu, Phêrô Nguyễn Bá Tu[symbol omitted]n), priest; b. 1766 in Ngọc Ð[symbol omitted]ng, Hưng Yên, Tonkin; d. July 15, 1838, at Ninh Tai, Nam Ðịnh. Beatified 1900.

Tuc, Joseph (Giuse Túc), layman; b. 1852 in Hoàng Xá, Bắc Ninh, Tonkin; d. there on June 1, 1862. A child of 9 who was martyred for the faith. Beatified 1951.

Tuoc, Domingo (Dominic Tuoc, Ðaminh Tước), priest; Dominican tertiary, b. 1775 in Trung Lao, Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin; d. April 2, 1839, in Nam Ðịnh. Dominic from wounds in prison. Beatified 1900.

Tuong, Andrew (Andrew Thuong, Anrê Tường), lay catechist; b. 1812 in Ngọc Cúc, Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin; d. June 16, 1862, in Làng Cốc, Tonkin. Beatified 1951.

Tuong, Vincent (Vincent Truong, Vinh-Sơn Tường), judge, layman; b. 1814 in Ngọc Cục, Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin; d. June 16, 1862, in Làng Cốc, Tonkin. Beatified 1951.

Tuy Le, Pedro (Peter Tu, Peter Le Tuy, Phêrô Lê Tùy), priest; b. 1773 in B[symbol omitted]ng Sở, Hà Ðông (West Tonkin); d. Oct. 11, 1833, in Quan Ban. Arrested after many years of ministry and beheaded. Beatified 1900.

Uyen Dinh Nguyen, José (Joseph Nguyen Dinh Uyen, Joseph Peter Uyen, Joseph Yuen, Joseph Uen,

Giuse Nguyễn Ðình Uyển), Dominican tertiary, lay catechist; b. ca. 1775 in Ninh Củ[symbol omitted]ng, Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin; d. July 4, 1838 in Hưng Yên, Tonkin. After a year's tortuous imprisonment, he was strangled in his cell. Beatified 1900. Feast: July 3.

Van Van Doan, Peter (Peter Doan van Van, Phêrô Ðoàn Văn Vân), lay catechist; b. ca. 1780 in Kẻ Bói, Hà Nam, Tonkin; d. May 25, 1857, at Sơn-Tây, West Tonkin. Beheaded. Beatified 1909.

Vénard, Jean-Théophane (Théophane Vénard, Giuse Theophanô Vénard Ven), priest; b. Nov. 21, 1829 in St.Loup-sur-Thouet (Deux-Sèvres), Poitiers, France; d. Feb. 2, 1861, in Ô C[symbol omitted]u Giấy, Tonkin. This son of the village schoolmaster studied at the College of Doue-la-Fontaine, and at the seminaries at Montmorillon and Poitiers, where he was ordained subdeacon (1850). He transferred to the MEP (1851), was ordained priest on June 5, 1852, and departed for Hong Kong on September 19. After fifteen months studying Vietnamese at Hong Kong he arrived (1854) secretly at his mission in West Tonkin, where the Christians had recently been tried by a series of persecutions under Minh-Mạng. In 1856, he was expelled from Nam-Ðịnh and went to Hanoi. Shortly after Vénard's arrival a new royal edict was issued against Christians; bishops and priests were obliged to seek refuge in caves, dense woods, the hulls of sampans, and elsewhere. Vénard, whose constitution had always been delicate, suffered almost constantly, but continued to exercise his ministry at night, and, more boldly, in broad day because he was greatly impressed by the courage of the Vietnamese Catholics who had been suffering since 1848. On Nov. 30, 1860, he was betrayed by a Christian and captured at Kim Bàng. Tried before a mandarin, he refused to apostatize and was sentenced to be beheaded. While chained in a tiny bamboo cage, he wrote to his family beautiful and consoling letters.

Vien Dinh Dang, Joseph (Joseph Dang Dinh Vien, Joseph Nien, Giuse Ðặng Ðình Viên), Dominican tertiary, lay catechist; b. ca. 1786 in Tiên Chu, Hưng Yên, Tonkin; d. Aug. 21, 1838, in Bảy Mẫu, Tonkin. Beatified 1900.

Võ Dăng Khoa, Pedro (Peter Khoa), priest; b. 1790, in Thuận Nghĩa, Nghệ An (Trung Việt); d. Nov. 24, 1838 at Ð[symbol omitted]ng-Hới. Strangled. Beatified 1900.

Xuyen Van Nguyen, Domingo (Dominic Doan, Dominic Xuyen, Ðaminh Nguyễn Văn Xuyên), Dominican priest; b. ca. 1787 in Hưng Lập, Nam Ðịnh, Tonkin; d. Nov. 26, 1839, in Bảy Mẫu, Tonkin. Beheaded with Thomas Dụ. Beatified 1900. Feast: Oct. 26.

Yen Do, Vicente (Vincent Do Yen, Vinh Sơn Ðo Yến), Dominican priest; b. ca. 1764 in Trà Lũ, Nam Thomas Du Ðịnh, Tonkin; d. June 30, 1838, in Hải Dương, Tonkin. After becoming a Dominican in 1808, he labored in the mission field until his martyrdom. From the publication of the edict of persecution in 1832, he lived 6 years in hiding and continued to minister secretly. He was finally betrayed and beheaded. Beatified 1900.

Bibliography: b. bloomfield, Martyrs of Vietnam (London 1995). m. j. dorcy, Saint Dominic's Family (Dubuque, IA 1963) 498–99, 506–9, 511–13. v. gomez, Pedro Almato y Ribera, OP, Martir del Vietnam: Letters to Family and Friends (Valencia 1987). Kỷ Yếu Phong Thánh Tủ' Ðạo Việt Nam (Canonization of The Vietnamese Martyrs), prepared by the Canonization Committee (Vatican City 1989). Mission Étrangères de Paris, Le Clergé Annamite et ses Prêtres Martyrs (Paris 1925). b. t. nguyẼn Les Martyrs de l'Annam, (Hanoi 1937). v. t. tr[symbol omitted]n, Histoire des Persecutions au Vietnam, (Paris 1955). v. n. t. tr[symbol omitted]n, Giáo Hội Việt Nam; Tập 1: Vụ Án Phong Thánh (Vietnamese Church, Vol 1: Canonization Proceeding; Vietnam 1987). v. y. trỊnh, Máu Tử Ðạo Trên Ðất Việt Nam (Blood of the Martyrs in the Land of Vietnam; National Canonization Committee, U.S.A., 1987). Witnesses of the Faith in the Orient (Hong Kong 1989).

[thu bui/

k. i. rabenstein]