KUKLA, Jon 1948-

PERSONAL: Born October 20, 1948, in Hutisford, WI; son of James George and Marion Ruth (Woelm) Kukla; married Jeanette Margita Vos, May 30, 1970 (divorced, 1991); married Kathryn Fay Prechter, October 30, 1993; children: (first marriage) Amy Marie, Jennifer Anne; (second marriage) Elizabeth Ross. Education: Carthage College, B.A. (with honors), 1970; University of Toronto, M.A., 1971, Ph.D. (history), 1980. Religion: Lutheran. Hobbies and other interests: Swimming, sailing.

ADDRESSES: Home—Brookneal, VA. Offıce—Patrick Henry Memorial Foundation, 1250 Red Hill Rd., Brookneal, VA 24528.

CAREER: Historian, museum director, and author. State Archivist of Virginia, Richmond, research assistant, 1973-74; Virginia State Library, Richmond, editor of Virginia Cavalcade (magazine), 1974-76; Virginia State Library and Archives, assistant director, then director of historical research and publishing, 1976-90; Historic New Orleans Collection, New Orleans, LA, curator of collections, 1990-92, director, 1992-98; Patrick Henry Memorial Foundation, Brookneal, VA, director, beginning 2000, currently executive vice president and CEO. Instructor at Carthage College, 1973, University of Richmond, Commonwealth University, and University of New Orleans; University of Toronto fellow, 1970-71; director of summer study programs. Historical advisor to state government committees and museums; speaker. Member, Virginia Center for Humanities selection committee, 1986-87, and Loyola University visual arts committee, and Jamestown Rediscovery advisory committee, both beginning 1993. Virginia Historic Landmarks Commission State Review Board, member of history news service, 1979-86, vice chair, 1980-83, 1987, chair, 1983-86; University of Virginia Institute of Government governor's planning committee for the bicentennial of the U.S. Constitution, member, 1982-85. Producer of film documentaries The Long Weekend, 1993, and Brothers in Art, 1996.

MEMBER: American Historical Association (member of program committee, 1987), National Trust for Historic Preservation, Virginia Historical Society, Louisiana Historical Society, Louisiana Association of Museums (member of council, 1991-93), Southern Historians Association (member of program committee, 1985; member of membership committee, 1992), Association of Documentary Editing (director of publications, 1979-89, member of council, 1979-80, member of publications committee, 1981-83, member of editing committee, 1986-87.

AWARDS, HONORS: National Endowment for the Humanities travel-to-collections grant, 1984; Michael Kraus research grant, American Historical Association, 1991-92.

WRITINGS:

Speakers and Clerks of the Virginia House of Burgesses, 1643-1776, Virginia State Library (Richmond, VA), 1983.

(Editor) The Bill of Rights: A Lively Heritage, Virginia State Library (Richmond, VA), 1987.

(Editor) Fiske Kimball, The Capitol of Virginia: ALandmark of American Architecture, Virginia State Library and Archives (Richmond, VA), 1989, new edition, 2002.

Political Institutions in Virginia, 1619-1660 (Ph.D. thesis), Garland Publishing (New York, NY), 1989.

(Editor, with Elizabeth R. Herbener) The General Assembly of Virginia, 11 January 1978-27 April 1989: A Register of Members, Virginia State Library and Archives (Richmond, VA), 1990.

(Editor and author of introduction) A Guide to thePapers of Pierre Clément Laussat, Napoleon's Prefect for the Colony of Louisiana and of General Claude Perrin Victor at the Historic New Orleans Collection, Historic New Orleans Collection (New Orleans, LA), 1993.

(With daughter, Amy Kukla) Patrick Henry: Voice of the Revolution (juvenile), PowerKids Press (New York, NY), 2002.

A Wilderness So Immense: The Louisiana Purchase and the Destiny of America, Knopf (New York, NY), 2003.

(With Amy Kukla) Thomas Jefferson: Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness, PowerKids Press (New York, NY), 2005.

Contributor to journals, including American Historical Review. Member of advisory council, Biographical Dictionary of Early Pennsylvania Legislators, 1984-90; member of editorial advisory board, Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, 1982-84.

SIDELIGHTS: Jon Kukla is an historian and museum director who has spent much of his career working to preserve archival documents, create museum exhibits, and preserve historic sites in Virginia and Louisiana. A graduate of the University of Toronto, Kukla began working at the Virginia State Library and Archives in the early 1970s. As the library's director of historic research and publishing until 1990, he was instrumental in making available a number of documents and information to the public, and his biographical portraits comprising Speakers and Clerks of the Virginia House of Burgesses, 1643-1776 were praised by History reviewer Raymond C. Dingledine, Jr. as "useful for the insights they provide into the political institutions of colonial Virginia." Kukla's Ph.D. thesis, published in 1989 as Political Institutions in Virginia, 1619-1660, was recommended by William and Mary Quarterly contributor Martin H. Quitt as "the fullest modern study" of the first American colony to convene a popular assembly. Noting that Kukla's central thesis—that the colony's increasingly stratified but stable society is reflected in the development of a two-chamber assembly that political leaders wished to model on the English system—might find some argument, Quitt praised the historian as "a solid researcher who never fails to inform and engage the reader."

In his highly praised A Wilderness So Immense: The Louisiana Purchase and the Destiny of America, Kukla studies the background and consequences of the arrangement between the United States and France that in April of 1803 doubled the size of the former and made the latter over fifteen million dollars richer. The concept of Manifest Destiny—that American democracy should spread across the continent from sea to sea—was one result of the Louisiana Purchase; others were the expeditions of Lewis and Clark, the settlement of the central plains, and, ultimately, the reshaping of the country's economic infrastructure that helped spark the U.S. Civil War. As Susan Dunn noted in the New York Times Book Review, in the book's 430 pages Kukla "recounts the colorful story of the long and complicated struggles in the 1780s and '90s for unimpeded use of the [Mississippi] river and its southernmost port. The Louisiana Purchase itself was merely the unexpected coda to two decades of painstaking—and fascinating—negotiations."

Setting the historical stage of the land deal, Kukla describes the development of French Louisiana and explains the reasons for its economic downturn in the late 1700s as overtaxed and overgoverned French colonists left for the free land available in Kentucky and Tennessee after Spain took control of the region. Growing tensions between Spain and the United States over control of the Mississippi River dissolved after the French Revolution, when Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte reacquired Louisiana in the hopes of gaining greater influence in the Americas. Only the slave uprising in Santo Domingo (modern-day Haiti) led by Toussaint L'Ouverture was able to thwart Napoleon's ambitions; needing funds to quell the rebellion, the French government decided to rid themselves of problematic Louisiana and fund their war effort with the help of the United States. Within only three weeks the deal was done, and the 565 million acres that eventually was divided up into the thirteen states of the Midwest were now within the reach of any American with ambition and a will to cross the Mississippi.

"Kukla writes well," noted Los Angeles Times Book Review contributor Andro Linklater of A Wilderness So Immense, "and his sharply defined portraits are a delight." Calling the book "hugely entertaining and wonderfully informative," the critic added that Kukla's volume "reminds us that history starts in our imaginations, today as it did 200 years ago." Noting that the complex topic resulted in some digressions, Dunn added that, while "Kukla's book is sometimes lacking in focus . . . his knowledgeable enthusiasm for his subject and the liveliness and breadth of his narrative make up for its shortcomings." Booklist contributor Brendan Driscoll maintained that the "level of detail" Kukla employs will satiate fans of history, while "the uninitiated will enjoy the thorough explanations of background events like the French Revolution." In Library Journal Charles L. Lumpkins dubbed A Wilderness So Immense "richly detailed" and accessible, while a contributor to Publishers Weekly praised Kukla's efforts, writing: "Rarely does a work of history combine grace of writing with such broad authority."

In addition to his work as a practicing historian, Kukla has also joined his daughter, Amy, to author several books for younger readers, among them Patrick Henry: Voice of the Revolution and Thomas Jefferson: Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness. In addition, his editorship of The Bill of Rights: A Lively Heritage was praised by a Journal of Southern History critic as a "detailed examination of the background and meaning" of that crucial U.S. document.

BIOGRAPHICAL AND CRITICAL SOURCES:

PERIODICALS

American Historical Review, April, 1990, review of The Bill of Rights: A Lively Heritage, p. 645.

American Journal of Legal History, April, 1982, pp. 186-187.

Booklist, May 1, 1991, review of The Bill of Rights, p. 1696; October 15, 2001, Carolyn Phelan, review of Patrick Henry: Voice of the Revolution, p. 414; March 15, 2003, Brendan Driscoll, review of A Wilderness So Immense: The Louisiana Purchase and the Destiny of America, p. 1272.

History: Review of New Books, March, 1982, Raymond C. Dingledine, Jr., review of Speakers and Clerks of the Virginia House of Burgesses, 1643-1776, p. 109.

Journal of Southern History, February, 1988, review of The Bill of Rights, p. 155.

Kirkus Reviews, February 1, 2003, review of A Wilderness So Immense, p. 209.

Library Journal, March 15, 2003, Charles L. Lumpkins, review of A Wilderness So Immense, p. 97.

Los Angeles Times Book Review, April 20, 2003, Andro Linklater, review of A Wilderness So Immense, p. 6.

New York Times Book Review, April 13, 2003, Susan Dunn, "How the West Was Bought," p. 15.

Publishers Weekly, February 24, 2003, review of AWilderness So Immense, p. 63.

Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, October, 1990, Charles B. Hosmer, Jr., review of The Capitol of Virginia: A Landmark of American Architecture, p. 670.

Washington Post Book World, April 27, 2003, Jonathan Yardley, review of A Wilderness So Immense.

William and Mary Quarterly, July, 1990, Martin H. Quitt, review of Political Institutions in Virginia, 1619-1660, pp. 437-440.*