Hamilton Othanel Smith
Hamilton Othanel Smith
1931-
American molecular biologist who received the 1978 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, which he shared with Daniel Nathans and Werner Arber, for the discovery of restriction enzymes. Restriction enzymes are proteins that cut DNA chains and allow for modification of DNA molecules. This breakthrough opened up the field of biotechnology. Biotechnology companies now use hundreds of these restriction enzymes to make synthetic hormones and insulin, forming the basis for gene therapy, and for gene-mapping research, such as conducted by the Human Genome Project.
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Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism , restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) The occurrence of different cleavage sites for restriction enzymes in the DNA of different individual… Chromosome Mapping , The aim of genetic mapping is to determine the linear sequence of genes in genetic material. The mapping can be performed at several levels of detail… Dna Restriction Enzymes , Restriction enzymes are bacterial proteins that recognize specific DNA sequences and cut DNA at or near the recognition site. These enzymes are widel… Restriction Enzyme , restriction enzyme (restriction endonuclease) A type of enzyme that can cleave molecules of foreign DNA at a particular site. Restriction enzymes are… Pseudogenes , Pseudogenes are defective copies of functional genes. These may be partial or complete duplicates derived from polypeptide-encoding genes or RNA gene… Regulator Gene , regulatory gene In the operon theory of gene regulation, a gene that is involved in switching on or off the transcription of structural genes. When t…
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Hamilton Othanel Smith