The term "genotype" refers to the specific genetic makeup of an individual and is often used with reference to allelic or mutant differences between individuals at one or more genes. The genotype of an individual is the genetic information within an individual's specific DNA sequence that sets the limits upon which nongenetic parameters like environment modulate normal and abnormal phenotypes. Geno-types at specific genes known to cause birth defects are used as diagnostics in genetic counseling to identify parents carrying specific disease genes and in prenatal genetic testing for offspring that will have birth defects. For example, a description of a mutation within the gene that causes cystic fibrosis is a geno-type, while manifestation of the disease is the pheno-type. The results of the Human Genome Project are being used to identify DNA sequences that cause birth defects. The genotypes associated with birth defects are then available for development of more accurate diagnostic tests.
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genotype
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gen·o·type / ˈjenəˌtīp; ˈjē-/ •
n. Biol. the genetic constitution of an individual organism. Often contrasted with phenotype.• v. [tr.] investigate the genetic
constitution of (an individual
organism): the person appointed will be responsible for maintaining and genotyping many different lines of zebra fish.DERIVATIVES: gen·o·typ·ic / ˌjenəˈtipik; ˌjē-/ adj.
The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English
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genotype
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genotype The genetic constitution of an organism, as opposed to its physical appearance (phenotype). Usually this refers to the specific allelic composition of a particular gene or set of genes in each cell of an organism, but it may also refer to the entire genome.
A Dictionary of Plant SciencesMICHAEL ALLABY
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genotype The total set of alleles possessed by an organism. (Alleles are genes, which may be different or identical, that occupy matching sites on each of a pair of chromosomes.) Expression of these is responsible for the phenotype of the individual, which can be modified by environmental pressures.
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genotype The genetic constitution of an organism, as opposed to its physical appearance (phenotype). Usually this refers to the specific allelic composition of a particular gene or set of genes in each cell of an organism, but it may also refer to the entire genome.
A Dictionary of EcologyMICHAEL ALLABY
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genotype The genetic constitution of an organism, as opposed to its physical appearance (phenotype). Usually this refers to the specific allelic composition of a particular gene or set of genes in each cell of an organism, but it may also refer to the entire genome.
A Dictionary of ZoologyMICHAEL ALLABY
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genotype (jen-oh-typ) n. 1. the genetic constitution of an individual or group, as determined by the particular set of genes it possesses.
2. the genetic information carried by a pair of alleles, which determines a particular characteristic. Compare phenotype.
A Dictionary of Nursing
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genotype Genetic makeup of an individual. The particular set of genes present in each cell of an organism is distinct from the phenotype, the observable characteristics of the organism.
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genotype The genetic composition of an organism, i.e. the combination of alleles it possesses. Compare phenotype.
A Dictionary of Biology
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genotype Genetic constitution of an organism, as opposed to its physical appearance (phenotype).
A Dictionary of Earth SciencesAILSA ALLABY and MICHAEL ALLABY
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