ruff1 / rəf/ •
n. 1. a projecting starched frill worn around the neck. 2. a projecting or conspicuously colored ring of feathers or hair around the neck of a bird or mammal.3. (pl. same or ruffs
) a northern Eurasian wading bird (Philomachus pugnax) of the sandpiper family, the male of which has a large variously colored ruff and ear tufts in the breeding season, used in display. The female is called a reeve.DERIVATIVES: ruffed adj.ruff2 •
n. 1. an edible marine fish (Arripis georgianus, family Arripidae) of Australian inshore waters that is related to the Australian salmon. Also called roughy in Australia. 2. variant spelling of ruffe.ruff3 •
v. [intr.] (in bridge, whist, and similar card games) play a trump in a trick that was led in a different suit. ∎ [tr.] play a trump on (a card in another suit).•
n. an act of ruffing or opportunity to ruff.ruff4 •
n. Mus. one of the basic patterns (rudiments) of drumming, consisting of a single note preceded by either two grace notes played with the other stick (double-stroke ruff or drag) or three grace notes played with alternating sticks (four-stroke ruff).
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ruff Bird of the sandpiper family (Scolopacidae). The male is noted for a collar of long feathers about its neck, and for its courtship performances. The female is called a reeve. The ruff migrates across nEurope and nAsia to Africa and India. Species Philomachus pugnax.
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ruff3 †former card-game XVI; kind of trump at cards XVII; (from the vb.) act of trumping XIX. — OF. ro(u)ffle, earlier ronfle, romfle (corr. to It. ronfa), poss. alt. of triomphe (It. trionfo) TRUMP2. Hence vb. XVI.
The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English EtymologyT. F. HOAD
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ruff4 male of the sandpiper, distinguished in the breeding-season by a ruff. XVII. transf. use of RUFF2.
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ruff2 †ruffle on a garment; article of neckwear consisting of linen, etc. starched in folds. XVI. poss. sb. use of ruff, ROUGH.
The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English EtymologyT. F. HOAD
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ruff1 small freshwater fish of the perch family, with prickly scales. XV. prob. sb. use of ROUGH.
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