Churches of Christ, conservative body of evangelical Protestants in the United States. Its founders were originally members of what is now the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) who gradually withdrew from that body following the Civil War. They objected to the use of musical instruments in the church and to the introduction of new titles and more power for the pastors. They were first listed as a group separate from the Disciples of Christ in the U.S. census of religious bodies of 1906. Each church is entirely self-governing. The Bible, especially the New Testament, is considered its complete and sufficient authority. They have about 1.8 million members (1997) in the United States and Canada.

Churches of Christ. Christian denomination, also known as ‘Disciples’ and ‘Campbellites’ after its founder A. Campbell. Organized in the USA, the earliest ‘Disciples’ came to adopt baptism by immersion and the weekly observance of the Lord's Supper for baptized believers; each local church practised a Congregational form of church government. The Churches of Christ participated in ecumenical discussion in the present century, and in 1981 the majority of the Churches of Christ in Great Britain became part of the United Reformed Church.