JENKINS, Jerry B(ruce) 1949-

PERSONAL: Born September 23, 1949, in Kalamazoo, MI; son of Harry Phillip (a police chief) and Bonita Grace (Thompson) Jenkins; married Dianna Louise Whiteford, January 23, 1971; children: Dallas Lawrence, Chadwick Whiteford, Michael Bruce. Education: Attended Moody Bible Institute, 1967-68, Loop College, 1968, and William Rainey Harper College, 1968-70. Politics: Independent. Religion: "Jesus Christ." Hobbies and other interests: Photography, tournament table tennis, Scrabble club.

ADDRESSES: Home—Three-Son Acres, 40542 Cornell St. N, Zion, IL 60099. Office—820 North LaSalle Dr., Chicago, IL 60610.

CAREER: WMBI-FM-AM-Radio, Chicago, IL, night news editor, 1967-68; Day Publications, Mt. Prospect, IL, assistant sports editor, 1968-69; Des Plaines Publishing Co., Des Plaines, IL, sports editor, 1969-71; Tri-City Herald, Kennewick, WA, sportswriter, 1971; Scripture Press Publications, Wheaton, IL, associate editor, 1971-72, managing editor, 1972-73; Inspirational Radio-Television Guide, Chicago, IL, executive editor, 1973-74; Moody Monthly (magazine), Chicago, managing editor, 1974-75, editor, 1975-81, director, 1978-81; Moody Press, Chicago, director, 1981-83; Moody Bible Institute, Chicago, manager of Publishing Division, 1983-85, vice president of Publishing Branch, 1985-88, writer-in-residence, 1988—. Visiting lecturer in advanced journalism, Wheaton Graduate School, 1975.

MEMBER: Evangelical Press Association, Christian Booksellers Association, Evangelical Christian Publishers Association, U.S. Table Tennis Association.

AWARDS, HONORS: Novel of the Year nomination, Campus Life magazine, for Margo; Religion in Media Angel Award, for Meaghan and Margo's Reunion; Biography of the Year award, Campus Life magazine, 1980, for Home Where I Belong; Evangelical Christian Publishers Association Gold Medallion nomination, for The Night the Giant Rolled Over and Rekindled: How to Keep the Warmth in Marriage.

WRITINGS:

You CAN Get thru to Teens, Victor Books (Wheaton, IL), 1973.

Sammy Tippit: God's Love in Action, as Told to Jerry B. Jenkins, Broadman (Nashville, TN), 1973.

VBS Unlimited, Victor Books (Wheaton, IL), 1974.

(With Hank Aaron and Stan Baldwin) Bad Henry, Chilton (Radnor, PA), 1974.

The Story of the Christian Booksellers Association, Nelson (Nashville, TN), 1974.

(With Pat Williams) The Gingerbread Man: Pat Williams Then and Now, Lippincott (Philadelphia, PA), 1974.

Stuff It: The Story of Dick Motta, Toughest Little Coach in the NBA, Chilton (Radnor, PA), 1975.

(With Sammy Tippit) Three behind the Curtain, Whitaker House (New Kensington, PA), 1975.

(With Paul Anderson) The World's Strongest Man, Victor Books (Wheaton, IL), 1975, expanded edition published as A Greater Strength, Revell (Old Tappan, NJ), 1990.

(With Madeline Manning Jackson) Running for Jesus, Word (Dallas, TX), 1977.

(With Walter Payton) Sweetness, Contemporary Books (Chicago, IL), 1978.

(With Sammy Tippit) You, Me, He, Victor Books (Wheaton, IL), 1978.

(With B. J. Thomas) Home Where I Belong, Word (Dallas, TX), 1978.

Light on the Heavy: A Simple Guide to Understanding Bible Doctrines, Victor Books (Wheaton, IL), 1978.

(With Sammy Tippit) Reproduced by Permission of the Author, Victor Books (Wheaton, IL), 1979.

The Luis Palau Story, Revell (Old Tappan, NJ), 1980.

The Night the Giant Rolled Over, Word (Dallas, TX), 1981.

(With Pat Williams) The Power within You, Westminster (Philadelphia, PA), 1983.

(With Robert Flood) Teaching the Word, Reaching the World, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1985.

(With Pat Williams) Rekindled: How to Keep the Warmth in Marriage, Revell (Old Tappan, NJ), 1985.

(With Meadowlark Lemon) Meadowlark, Nelson (Nashville, TN), 1987.

(With Pat Williams and Jill Williams) Kindling: Daily Devotions for Busy Couples, Nelson (Nashville, TN), 1987.

The Operative (novel), Harper & Row (New York, NY), 1987.

A Generous Impulse: The Story of George Sweeting, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1987.

Carry Me: Christine Wyrtzen's Discoveries on the Journey into God's Arms, as Told to Jerry B. Jenkins, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1988.

(With Larry and Diane Mayfield) Baby Mayfield, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1989.

(With Deanna McClary) Commitment to Love, Nelson (Nashville, TN), 1989.

(With Orel Hershiser) Out of the Blue, Wolgemuth & Hyatt (Brentwood, TN), 1989.

Hedges: Loving Your Marriage Enough to Protect It, Wolgemuth & Hyatt (Brentwood, TN), 1989, expanded edition, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1993.

(With Pat Williams and Jill Williams) Just Between Us, Revell (Tarrytown, NY), 1991.

(With Joe J. Gibbs) Joe Gibbs: Fourth and One, Nelson (Nashville, TN), 1991.

Twelve Things I Want My Kids to Remember Forever, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1991.

The Rookie (novel), Wolgemuth & Hyatt (Brentwood, TN), 1991.

(With Nolan Ryan) Miracle Man: Nolan Ryan, the Autobiography, Word (Dallas, TX), 1992.

(With William Gaither) I Almost Missed the Sunset: My Perspectives on Life and Music, Nelson (Nashville, TN), 1992.

The Deacon's Woman and Other Portraits (fiction), Moody (Chicago, IL), 1992.

(Editor) Families: Practical Advice from More than Fifty Experts, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1993.

(With George J. Thompson) Verbal Judo: The Gentle Art of Persuasion, Morrow (New York, NY), 1993.

Winning at Losing, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1993.

Life Flies When You're Having Fun, Victor Books (Wheaton, IL), 1993.

(With Sammy Tippit) No Matter What the Cost: An Autobiography, Nelson (Nashville, TN), 1993.

As You Leave Home: Parting Thoughts from a Loving Parent, Focus on the Family (Colorado Springs, CO), 1993.

(With Gary Almy and Carol Tharp Almy) Addicted Recovery, Harvest House (Eugene, OR), 1994.

Still the One: Tender Thoughts from a Loving Spouse, Focus on the Family (Colorado Springs, CO), 1995.

And Then Came You: The Hopes and Dreams of Loving Parents, Focus on the Family (Colorado Springs, CO), 1996.

The Neighborhood's Scariest Woman, ("Toby Andrews and the Junior Deputies" series), Moody (Chicago, IL), 1996.

The East Side Bullies ("Toby Andrews and the Junior Deputies" series), Moody (Chicago, IL), 1996.

(With Brett Butler) Field of Hope: An Inspiring Autobiography of a Lifetime of Overcoming Odds, Nelson (Nashville, TN), 1997.

(With William Gaither) Homecoming: The Story of Southern Gospel Music through the Eyes of Its Best-Loved Performers, Zondervan (Grand Rapids, MI), 1997.

'Twas the Night Before, Viking (New York, NY), 1998.

Though None Go with Me (novel), Zondervan (Grand Rapids, MI), 2000.

Hometown Legend, Warner Books (New York, NY), 2001.

(With Tim F. LaHaye) Perhaps Today: Living Every Day in the Light of Christ's Return, Tyndale House (Wheaton, IL), 2001.

The Youngest Hero, Warner Books (New York, NY), 2002.

"MARGO MYSTERY" SERIES

Margo, Jeremy Books, 1979, published as The Woman at the Window, Nelson (Nashville, TN), 1991.

Karlyn, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1980, published as The Daylight Intruder, Nelson, (Nashville, TN), 1991.

Hilary, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1980, published as Murder behind Bars, Nelson (Nashville, TN), 1991.

Paige, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1981, published as The Meeting at Midnight, Nelson (Nashville, TN), 1991.

Allyson, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1981, published as The Silence Is Broken, Nelson (Nashville, TN), 1991.

Erin, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1982, published as Gold Medal Murder, Nelson (Nashville, TN), 1991.

Shannon, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1982, published as Thank You, Good-Bye, Nelson (Nashville, TN), 1991.

Lindsey, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1983, published as Dying to Come Home, Nelson (Nashville, TN), 1991.

Meaghan, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1983.

Janell, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1983.

Courtney, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1983.

Lyssa, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1984.

Margo's Reunion, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1984.

"JENNIFER GREY MYSTERY" SERIES

Heartbeat, Victor Books (Wheaton, IL), 1983.

Three Days in Winter, Victor Books (Wheaton, IL), 1983.

Too Late to Tell, Victor Books (Wheaton, IL), 1983.

Gateway, Victor Books (Wheaton, IL), 1983.

The Calling, Victor Books (Wheaton, IL), 1984.

Veiled Threat, Victor Books (Wheaton, IL), 1984.

"THE BRADFORD FAMILY ADVENTURE" SERIES

Daniel's Big Surprise, Standard Publishing (Cincinnati, OH), 1984.

Two Runaways, Standard Publishing (Cincinnati, OH), 1984.

The Clubhouse Mystery, Standard Publishing (Cincinnati, OH), 1984.

The Kidnapping, Standard Publishing (Cincinnati, OH), 1984.

Marty's Secret, Standard Publishing (Cincinnati, OH), 1985.

Blizzard!, Standard Publishing (Cincinnati, OH), 1985.

Fourteen Days to Midnight, Standard Publishing (Cincinnati, OH), 1985.

Good Sport/Bad Sport, Standard Publishing (Cincinnati, OH), 1985.

In Deep Water, Standard Publishing (Cincinnati, OH), 1986.

Mystery at Raider Stadium, Standard Publishing (Cincinnati, OH), 1986.

Daniel's Big Decision, Standard Publishing (Cincinnati, OH), 1986.

Before the Judge, Standard Publishing (Cincinnati, OH), 1986.

"DALLAS O'NEIL AND THE BAKER STREET SPORTS CLUB" SERIES

The Secret Baseball Challenge, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1986.

The Scary Basketball Player, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1986.

The Mysterious Football Team, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1986.

The Weird Soccer Match, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1986.

The Strange Swimming Coach, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1986.

The Bizarre Hockey Tournament, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1986.

The Silent Track Star, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1986.

The Angry Gymnast, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1986.

Mystery of the Phony Murder, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1989.

Mystery of the Skinny Sophomore, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1989.

"TARA CHADWICK" SERIES

Time to Tell, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1990.

Operation Cemetery, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1990.

Scattered Flowers, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1990.

Springtime Discovery, Moody (Chicago, IL), 1990.

"LEFT BEHIND" SERIES, WITH TIM F. LAHAYE

Left Behind: A Novel of the Earth's Last Days, Tyndale House (Wheaton, IL), 1995.

Tribulation Force: The Continuing Drama of Those Left Behind, Tyndale House (Wheaton, IL), 1996.

Nicolae: The Rise of Antichrist, Tyndale House (Wheaton, IL), 1997.

Soul Harvest: The World Takes Sides, Tyndale House (Wheaton, IL), 1998.

Apollyon: The Destroyer Is Unleashed, Tyndale House (Wheaton, IL), 1999.

Assassins: The Great Tribulation Unfolds, Tyndale House (Wheaton, IL), 1999.

The Indwelling: The Beast Takes Possession, Tyndale House (Wheaton, IL), 2000.

Desecration: Antichrist Takes the Throne, Tyndale House (Wheaton, IL), 2001.

The Mark: The Beast Rules the World, Tyndale House (Wheaton, IL), 2001.

The Remnant: On the Brink of Armageddon, Tyndale House (Wheaton, IL), 2002.

Armageddon, Tyndale House (Wheaton, IL), 2003.

Glorious Reappearing: The End of Days, Tyndale House (Wheaton, IL), 2004.

"GLOBAL AIR TROUBLESHOOTERS" SERIES:

Terror in Branco Grande, Multnomah Books (Sisters, OR), 1996.

Disaster in the Yukon, Multnomah Books (Sisters, OR), 1996.

Crash at Cannibal Valley, Multnomah Books (Sisters, OR), 1996.

"LEFT BEHIND—THE KIDS" SERIES; WITH TIM F. LAHAYE:

The Vanishings, Tyndale House (Wheaton, IL), 1998.

Second Chance, Tyndale House (Wheaton, IL), 1998.

Through the Flames, Tyndale House (Wheaton, IL), 1998.

Facing the Future, Tyndale House (Wheaton, IL), 1998.

(And with Chris Fabry) The Underground, Tyndale House (Wheaton, IL), 1999.

Nicolae High, Tyndale House (Wheaton, IL), 1999.

(And with Chris Fabry) Death Strike, Tyndale House (Wheaton, IL), 2000.

(And with Chris Fabry) Busted!, Tyndale House (Wheaton, IL), 2000.

OTHER:

Also author of Off the Map, 1991. Contributor to periodicals, including Moody Monthly, Power, Contact, Coronet, Saturday Evening Post, and Campus Life.

ADAPTATIONS: Left Behind: A Novel of the Earth's Last Days was adapted for a feature film by Cloud Ten Pictures, 2001. Books in the "Left Behind" series have been adapted to audio cassette, interactive computer games, mugs, T-shirts, and other marketing merchandise.

WORK IN PROGRESS: A prequel and sequel, volumes thirteen and fourteen, to the "Left Behind" series.

SIDELIGHTS: Jerry B. Jenkins is the author of over one hundred titles, most of them religious and inspirational works. The best known of these are the dozen titles of the "Left Behind" series, penned with Tim F. LaHaye. With over sixty-two million copies of that series in print, the Jenkins-LaHaye team is, according to Newsweek's David Gates, "arguably, the most successful literary partnership of all time." Gates further noted that "their Biblical techno-thrillers about the end of the world are currently outselling Stephen King, John Grisham, and every other pop novelist in America." The books in the hugely popular series are "old-time religion with a sci-fi sensibility," wrote Gates; they combine "the ultimate certainty the Bible offers with the entertainment-culture conventions of rock-jawed heroism and slam-bang special effects." Yet Jenkins continues to describe himself in interviews as "the most famous writer no one's ever heard of." Part of the reason for this lack of name recognition is the fact that over seventy per cent of the sales of the "Left Behind" series are from the South and Midwest, only six percent from the urban Northeast. A full eighty-five per cent of the readership of the series terms themselves "born again" Christians. As Gates put it, the typical buyer of the books is a "forty-four-year-old born-again Christian woman, married with kids, living in the South."

A native of Michigan, Jenkins worked as a journalist and publishing executive before turning to authorship in the 1970s. He wrote in a variety of nonfiction genres, but all his books were grounded in his evangelical Christian faith. The author also earned a reputation as the writing talent behind celebrity memoirs; his "as told to" autobiographies include those of sports heroes Henry Aaron, Orel Hershiser, and Brett Butler. But Jenkins told a Marriage Partnership interviewer, "fiction was always my first love. I wrote nonfiction to pay the bills, in the hopes that the fiction would hit."

The fiction did hit—first with a set of youth-oriented mysteries, then with the debut of the "Left Behind" books. The books were conceived by LaHaye, a well-known evangelical minister who left the pulpit in 1981 to devote time to writing and politics. According to a People article by Thomas Fields-Meyer, LaHaye was inspired to storytelling during his travel days: "Sitting on airplanes and watching the pilots," he commented to Fields-Meyer, "I'd think to myself, 'What if the Rapture occurred on an airplane'?" LaHaye searched for three years for someone to shape his idea into a novel, and fellow evangelical Jenkins was his selection. Though nearly twenty-five years apart in age, the two were comfortable working together. "It's like a father-son thing," Jenkins said in People. Jenkins is the author of the novels; LaHaye serves as consultant for prophetic accuracy.

In 1995 Left Behind was published by Tyndale House. True to LaHaye's vision, the novel opens on an airplane en route to London. Pilot Rayford Steele, who is contemplating an extramarital affair with flight attendant Hattie Durham, is surprised when Hattie bursts into the cockpit with startling news: several of the passengers have disappeared in an instant, leaving only their clothes and other possessions piled on their seats. Making an emergency landing in his hometown of Chicago, Rayford returns home to find his wife and son, both recently born-again Christians, vanished as well. The conclusion: Christian true-believers have been spirited to heaven (the Rapture) while those back on Earth are faced with the biblical prophesy of war and pestilence leading to the Apocalypse, as heralded by the rise of the Antichrist.

Among those "left behind" is crusading journalist Cameron "Buck" Williams, who takes on the story for his magazine. His investigation leads to a charismatic Romanian politician, Nicolae Carpathia, who quickly rises to power by advocating a one-world government. Nicolae, appointed secretary general of the United Nations, has the power to control all but the unsaved; he reconstructs the nations of the Earth as the Global Community and plans to reign supreme over the world. When it becomes apparent that Nicolae is the Antichrist incarnate, it is up to Rayford, Buck, and their band of believers, who dub themselves the Tribulation Force, to defend their world. As the last line of Left Behind puts it, the rebels' task was clear: "their goal was nothing less than to stand and fight the enemies of God during the seven most chaotic years the planet would ever see."

Left Behind was followed by a steady stream of sequels, one every six months, all advancing the Apocalyptic plot. While few mainstream critics praised the stylistic aspects of the novels, many acknowledged that Jenkins's tales had value as thought-provoking page-turners. "I found [the first novel] rattling good reading, professionally terse yet fluid," commented J. C. Furnas of American Scholar. "Suppose the late Ian Fleming [of James Bond fame] had got End-Times religion and built on it a portentous Scripture-based epic in 007 style, only with a certain paucity of toothsome women." While Atlantic Monthly reviewer Joseph Gross noted Jenkins' reliance on easy characterization—"everyone in the books is above average. The characters' brains and physical beauty are sometimes described with clumsy cultural references"—National Review contributor Matthew Scully had a different view. He thought Jenkins had "a gift for plot and dialogue" which would serve the author well through the book series.

Some criticism of the "Left Behind" books focused on the way non-evangelicals were portrayed. "The authors' perception of the Jews as a great people gone wrong streaks the books with a queasy, forced amiability teetering on contempt," stated Commonweal writer Richard Alleva. The Catholic church "takes its lumps, too," Alleva continued. "The latest pope is raptured, but that is because he had stirred up controversy in the church with a new doctrine that seemed to coincide more with the 'heresy' of Martin Luther than with historic orthodoxy." "Catholics' chances of making the Rapture are slim," noted Teresa Malcolm in a National Catholic Reporter piece, but in her opinion the saving of the fictional pope reflected that "overt anti-Catholicism was deliberately toned down to give the novels a wider appeal."

But the books' severest barbs are aimed at the United Nations, "which practically hands itself over to the Antichrist and becomes the arm of his will," according to Alleva. "And what is his will? A world government, a world capital called New Babylon, a world army, and a world religion—all the usual suspects placed at the service of Satan's minion. In a country like ours, where fear of centralization and government interference has led to bombings, mass slaughter, and the creation of various thug militia-groups, how could the 'Left Behind' series fail?"

The timing of a tale about the Rapture coincided with the end-of-the-millennium mood in the United States. Worldwide political unrest and "Y2K" technological concerns fueled the interest in end-times literature, and the "Left Behind" series played into that interest. Jenkins and LaHaye's books, promotional items and Web site have drawn massive attention, leading a Publishers Weekly editor to tell People's Fields-Meyer that the stories comprise "the most successful Christian-fiction series ever." "Left Behind is truly newsmaking stuff," remarked Alleva. Still, Jenkins maintains that money is not the primary force propelling the series, even though it has been reported that each author has earned over fifty million dollars on the series. "Neither [LaHaye] nor I grew up in families where success was defined by money," he said in the Marriage Partnership interview. His ministry, he said, was always more important. And he takes pleasure in writing the novels: "Discovering what happens is as much fun for me as it is for readers. I don't kill my characters off; I find them dead."

Any thought that the "Left Behind" series was simply a manifestation of millennial fever was put to rest with the continued success of the series after the year 2000. And with the terrorist attacks of 2001 in New York and Washington, and the ensuing war in Iraq, many of the fans of the series felt that the world in fact was entering the last days as prophesied in the Book of Revelation. The series came to its final volume—though a prequel and sequel are planned—with volume twelve, Glorious Reappearing: The End of Days, in which Jesus reappears. That book sold over two million copies even before its publication date.

It has been noted, especially with the George W. Bush White House, that the series functions not just as fiction but also as a subtle form of propaganda for the conservative Christian interpretation of the Bible. According to Gates, "The many critics of the series see a resonance between its apocalyptic scenario and the born-again President Bush's apocalyptic rhetoric and confrontational Mid East policies." These same critics see a LaHaye's far-right political agenda in topics in the books such as the United Nations acting as an evil institution. Other criticism continues to come from Christians themselves who "find the books more interested in God's wrath than God's love—as well as scripturally questionable," as Gates further observed. Critics also point to the "pedestrian writing and . . . gruesome violence" in the books, as Malcolm Jones pointed out in Newsweek. According to Jones, "Characterization is minimal and when Christ isn't spouting Scripture, he sounds like a traffic cop."

Yet detractors aside, the success of the series is its own justification. As Melani McAlister commented in a Nation article on the "Left Behind" franchise, "The astonishing success of the . . . series suggests that the conservative obsession with biblical prophecy is increasingly shaping our secular reality." Responding to critics of the vengeful God presented in their books, however, Jenkins noted to Gates that he and LaHaye read the Bible with this interpretation and "we sort of have a responsibility to tell what it seems to say to us." Speaking with David D. Kirkpatrick of the New York Times, Jenkins also acknowledged that his warrior, judgmental, vengeful Jesus "might not please everyone." However, Jenkins concluded, "that is the way it is in the Bible."

BIOGRAPHICAL AND CRITICAL SOURCES:

PERIODICALS

American Scholar, winter, 2000, J. C. Furnas, "Millennial Sideshow," p. 87.

Atlantic Monthly, January, 2000, Joseph Gross, "The Trials of Tribulation," p. 122.

Booklist, February 1, 1992, review of Off the Map, p. 1005; November 1, 1995, John Mort, review of Left Behind: A Novel of the Earth's Last Days, p. 455; October 1, 1996, John Mort, review of Tribulation Force: The Continuing Drama of Those Left Behind, p. 304; March 1, 1997, John Mort, review of The Rookie, p. 1111; July, 1997, John Mort, review of Nicolae: The Rise of Antichrist, p. 1775, Ray Olson, review of Homecoming: The Story of Southern Gospel Music through the Eyes of Its Best-Loved Performers, p. 1788; June 1, 1998, John Mort, review of Soul Harvest: The World Takes Sides, p. 1669; October 15, 1998, Toni Hyde, review of 'Twas the Night Before, p. 374; February 1, 1999, John Mort, review of Apollyon: The Destroyer Is Unleashed, p. 940; August, 1999, John Mort, review of Assassins: The Great Tribulation Unfolds, p. 1987; January 1, 2000, John Mort, review of Though None Go with Me, p. 874; December 15, 2000, Bonnie Smothers, review of The Mark: The Beast Rules the World, p. 763; July, 2001, John Mort, review of Hometown Legend, p. 1951, Jeanette Larson, review of The Indwelling: The Beast Takes Possession, p. 2029; November 15, 2001, Judy Morrissey, review of The Vanishings, p. 591.

Christianity Today, September 1, 1997, Michael Maudlin, review of Left Behind, p. 22.

Christian Reader, September, 2000, review of The Indwelling, p. 7; November, 2000, review of The Mark, p. 6.

Commonweal, January 12, 2001, Richard Alleva, "Beam Me Up: A Repackaged Apocalypse," p. 17.

Electronic News, November 28, 1994, Grace Zisk, review of Verbal Judo: The Gentle Art of Persuasion, p. 34.

Free Inquiry, spring, 2001, Edmund Cohen, "Turner Diaries Lite," p. 58.

Insight on the News, August 26, 2002, Sheila R. Cherry, "Tour Guides to the Tribulation," pp. 36-39.

Kirkus Reviews, December 1, 1991, review of Off the Map, p. 1514; September 15, 1998, review of 'Twas the Night Before, p. 1330.

Library Journal, June 1, 1996, Henry Carrigan, Jr., review of Left Behind, p. 92; September 1, 1996, Henry Carrigan, Jr., review of Tribulation Force, p. 164; October 1, 1997, Michael Colby, review of Homecoming, p. 84; June 1, 1998, Melissa Hudak, review of Soul Harvest, p. 94; November 1, 1998, review of 'Twas the Night Before, p. 127; May 15, 1999, Melissa Hudak, review of Left Behind, p. 147; September 1, 1999, Melanie Duncan, review of Assassins, p. 172; November 1, 2000, Melanie Duncan, review of The Mark, p. 62.

Los Angeles Times Magazine, April 25, 2004, Nancy Shepherdson, "Waiting for Godot; the Bible Foretold It," p. 16.

Marriage Partnership, fall, 2000, review of The Indwelling, p. S4; summer, 2000, "Riding the Wave," p. S1; fall, 2001, review of Desecration: Antichrist Takes the Throne, p. S4; spring, 2002, review of Desecration, p. S4.

Nation, September 22, 2003, Melani McAlister, "An Empire of Their Own," p. 31.

National Catholic Reporter, June 15, 2001, Teresa Malcolm, "Fearful Faith in End Times Novel," p. 13.

National Review, December 21, 1998, Matthew Scully, "Apocalypse Soon," p. 62.

Newsweek, April 12, 2004, Malcolm Jones, "The Twelfth Book of Revelation," p. 60; May 24, 2004, David Gates, "Religion: The Pop Prophets," p. 44.

New York Review of Books, October 12, 1989, Wilfred Sheed, review of Out of the Blue, p. 49.

New York Times, February 11, 2002, David D. Kirkpatrick, "A Best-Selling Formula in Religious Thrillers," p. C2; March 29, 2004, David D. Kirkpatrick, "In the Twelfth Book of Best-Selling Series, Jesus Returns," p. A1; April 4, 2004, David D. Kirkpatrick, "The Return of the Warrior Jesus," p. D1.

New York Times Book Review, June 4, 1989, Charles Salzberg, review of Out of the Blue, p. 23.

People, December 14, 1998, Thomas Fields-Meyer, "In Heaven's Name," p. 139.

Publishers Weekly, September 14, 1998, review of 'Twas the Night Before, p. 50; November 15, 1999, review of Though None Go with Me, p. 56; November 13, 2000, review of The Mark, p. 88; May 7, 2001, Cindy Crosby, "Left Behind Fuels Growth at Tyndale House," p. 18; July 16, 2001, review of Hometown Legend, p. 156; August 20, 2001, Daisy Maryles and Dick Donahue, "Making a Mark," p. 23; April 21, 2003, Daisy Maryles and Dick Donahue, "Armageddon Has Arrived," p. 16.

Today's Christian Woman, November, 2000, "Five Minutes with Jerry B. Jenkins," p. 78; March, 2001, "Down the Fiction Aisle," p. S4; September, 2001, review of Desecration, p. S4.

Voice of Youth Advocates, December, 1991, review of The Rookie, p. 312.

Wall Street Journal, July 14, 2000, Susan Lee, "Something of a Revelation," p. W11.

West Coast Review of Books, February, 1991, review of The Rookie, p. 7.

ONLINE

Official Jerry Jenkins Web site,http://www.jerryjenkins.com (March 15, 2002).*