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Saint John
Saint John city (1991 pop. 74,969), S N.B., Canada, at the mouth of the St. John River on the Bay of Fundy. A major year-round port, it has an excellent harbor, large dry docks, and terminal facilities and maintains extensive shipping connections with Europe, North and South America, and the West Indies. The city is the commercial, manufacturing, and transportation center of New Brunswick, though it is being challenged by Moncton. It has pulp and paper mills, oil and sugar refineries, and food-processing plants. Lumbering and fishing are important. The site was visited (1604) by Champlain, and a fort and trading post was built (1631–35) by Charles de la Tour. In the struggle between France and England for possession of Acadia , the fort was captured and recaptured several times, finally becoming British in 1758. Growth of the city dates from 1783, when a large party of Loyalists from the United States established themselves there on land grants. The settlement was called Parr Town and in 1785 was incorporated with Carleton and named St. John, becoming the first incorporated city in Canada. Benedict Arnold lived and conducted a business there from 1786 to 1791. Much of the old city was destroyed by fire in 1877. Among notable features in St. John are Market Slip (1783), the old Loyalist Burying Ground (1783), Martello Tower (fortification; built 1812), the old court house (1830), the Roman Catholic cathedral and bishop's residence (1853), the New Brunswick Mus., and the Reversing Falls rapids on the St. John River. A branch of the Univ. of New Brunswick is in the city. |
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"Saint John." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Saint John." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-StJohnCan.html "Saint John." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-StJohnCan.html |
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St John
St John3 there are a number of other saints of this name.
St John Chrysostom (c.347–407), bishop of Constantinople, a Doctor of the Church. He attempted to reform the corrupt state of the court, clergy, and people; this offended many, including the Empress Eudoxia, who banished him in 403. His name means ‘golden-mouthed’ in Greek. His emblem is a bee, and his feast day is 27 January. St John of God (1495–1550), the Portuguese founder of the Brothers Hospitallers, who fought as a mercenary for Spain against the French and Turks and later worked as a shepherd and a pedlar. His feast day is 8 March. St John of Nepomuk (c.1345–93), priest and martyr, put to death by Wenceslas IV of Bohemia by being thrown into the river Moldau. He was later regarded as a martyr for the seal of the confession, since the story grew up that he had incurred the king's anger for refusing to reveal the contents of the queen's confession. His feast day is 16 May. St John of the Cross (1542–91), a Spanish mystic and poet. A Carmelite monk and priest, he joined with St Teresa of Ávila in founding the ‘discalced’ Carmelite order in 1568. He also wrote mystical poems. His feast day is 14 December. |
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ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "St John." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "St John." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-StJohn.html ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "St John." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-StJohn.html |
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John, St
John, St, Apostle. According to tradition, the author of the Fourth Gospel, of Revelation, and of three of the Catholic Epistles. Together with his brother St James and St Peter, he belonged to the inner group of disciples who were present at the raising of Jairus's daughter, the Transfiguration, and the Agony in Gethsemane. In Acts he is several times mentioned with Peter, and he was present at the Apostles' council in Jerusalem (Gal. 2: 9).
In the Fourth Gospel John is never mentioned by name, but tradition identifies him with the disciple ‘whom Jesus loved’, who reclined on His bosom at the Last Supper, to whom He entrusted His Mother at the foot of the Cross, who ran with Peter to the tomb on the morning of the Resurrection, and who recognized the Lord at the Sea of Tiberias. The identification of the ‘beloved disciple’ with John has been contested in modern times. According to tradition, John settled at Ephesus, was exiled to Patmos, where he wrote Rev., and returned to Ephesus and there wrote the Gospel and Epistles. Feast day in the E., 26 Sept. (also 8 May); in the W., 27 Dec. See also following entries. |
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E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "John, St." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "John, St." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O95-JohnSt.html E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "John, St." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O95-JohnSt.html |
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Saint John
Saint John one of the Twelve Apostles, traditional author of the fourth Gospel, three letters, and the Book of Revelation (see John, Gospel according to Saint ; John , letters; Revelation ); it is highly unlikely, however, that all five works were written by the same author. In the Gospels he and his brother, St. James (the Greater), are identified as sons of Zebedee; Jesus called them Boanerges or Sons of Thunder. The two brothers, together with Peter, were the three apostles closest to Jesus; they witnessed the Transfiguration and accompanied Jesus to Gethsemane. John has been thought to have been the disciple "whom Jesus loved." Jesus, in his dying moments, committed Mary to John's care. He is mentioned occasionally in the Acts of the Apostles, and Paul refers to him in Galatians. According to 2d-century authorities John died at an advanced age at Ephesus (c.AD 100). However, many scholars believe that John the apostle and John of Ephesus were two different persons. He is variously called John the Evangelist, John the Divine, and the Beloved Disciple. His symbol as evangelist is an eagle. |
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"Saint John." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Saint John." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-John-St.html "Saint John." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-John-St.html |
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Saint John
Saint John river, 418 mi (673 km) long, rising in N Maine and flowing NE to New Brunswick, Canada, then SE below Edmundston, past St. Leonard, Grand Falls, Woodstock, and Fredericton to the Bay of Fundy at St. John. It forms part of the border between Maine and New Brunswick. Its chief tributaries are the Aroostook and Tobique rivers. At Grand Falls the river drops 75 ft (23 m) in a great cataract. At its mouth, within the city of St. John, are the Reversing Falls Rapids, caused by the strong tides of the Bay of Fundy, which force the river to reverse its flow at high tide. The river was visited (1604) by the French explorers Samuel de Champlain and Sieur de Monts. In the 17th and 18th cent. it was an important route for French, Native American, and English traders, and several trading posts were established on its banks. It later became a major lumber transportation route. There are major hydroelectric power plants at Grand Falls, Beechwood, and Mactaquac. The river is navigable to Fredericton. The valley of the St. John is fertile, and potatoes are raised there. |
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"Saint John." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Saint John." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-StJohnRiv.html "Saint John." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-StJohnRiv.html |
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Saint John
Saint John, Canada, Channel Islands, Guinea‐Liberia, USA, US Virgin Islands 1. Canada (New Brunswick): a fort was built here after Samuel de Champlain† visited the area in 1604. After the British arrival the fort was refurbished as Fort Frederick. A settlement took root in 1783 which was called Parr Town after Colonel John Parr (1725–91), governor of Nova Scotia. Together with a community called Carleton, Parr Town was renamed St John in 1785 after the river of that name, at the mouth of which it lies (see 4).2. Canada (Quebec): a lake called Lac St‐Jean and originally Piekouagami ‘Flat Lake’, which was discovered in 1647 by Father Jean de Quen, a Jesuit missionary, and named after him.3. Guinea‐Liberia: a river rising in Guinea and named after St John the Baptist because it was discovered on his feast day, 24 June, by the Portuguese.4. USA‐Canada: a river rising in Maine, USA, which was discovered in 1604 by de Champlain on the feast day of St John the Baptist and named after him.
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JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Saint John." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Saint John." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-SaintJohn.html JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Saint John." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-SaintJohn.html |
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John, St
John, St2 usually known as John the Baptist. A Jewish preacher and prophet, son of St Elizabeth and Zacharias, seen as the forerunner of Jesus: ‘There was a man sent from God, whose name was John…He was not that Light, but was sent to bear witness of that Light’ (John 1:6–8).
In c.27 ad he was preaching and baptizing on the banks of the River Jordan, and among those whom he baptized was Christ; John is reported to have said, ‘I saw the Spirit descending like a dove, and it abode with him’ (John 1:32). He was beheaded by Herod Antipas after denouncing the latter's marriage to Herodias, the wife of Herod's brother Philip, and at the request of Herodias's daughter Salome. During his ministry John is said to have lived in the desert wearing camel's hair and eating locusts and wild honey (Matthew 3:4), and this is how he is typically represented. His feast day is 24 June. |
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ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "John, St." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "John, St." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-JohnSt1.html ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "John, St." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-JohnSt1.html |
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John, St
John, St1 an Apostle, son of Zebedee and brother of St James the Great; also known as St John the Evangelist or St John the Divine, said to have been persecuted under Domitian but to have survived into old age.
St John was present at the Crucifixion and it was to him that care of the Virgin Mary was confided by the dying Jesus; he is traditionally identified with the beloved disciple. He has traditionally been credited with the authorship of the fourth Gospel, Revelation, and three epistles of the New Testament. In Christian art he is represented with a book (for the Gospel) and his symbol of an eagle; he may also be shown with a cup holding a viper, recalling the challenge to him by a priest of Diana at Ephesus to drink poisoned wine. His feast day is 27 December. |
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Cite this article
ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "John, St." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "John, St." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-JohnSt.html ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "John, St." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-JohnSt.html |
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John, St
John, St. One of the twelve Apostles and traditionally author of the fourth gospel, three epistles, and the book of Revelation (attributions increasingly questioned). John was the son of Zebedee (Matthew 4. 21), one of Jesus' inner circle of disciples (Matthew 17. 1), and one of the ‘pillar’ apostles (Galatians 2. 9). Traditionally, he settled at Ephesus, whence he was temporarily exiled to Patmos under Domitian, and died a natural death as an old man. Feast day in the E., 26 Sept. (also 8 May); in the W., 27 Dec.
The Acts of John belongs to the New Testament Apocrypha. It is a 3rd-cent. work notable for the ‘Hymn of Jesus’ (set to music by Gustav Holst) and for colourful stories of John's later life in Ephesus. |
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JOHN BOWKER. "John, St." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN BOWKER. "John, St." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-JohnSt.html JOHN BOWKER. "John, St." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-JohnSt.html |
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John, Saint
John, Saint (active 1st century ad) Apostle of Jesus Christ, one of the original 12 disciples. Known also as St John the Apostle and St John the Evangelist, he is widely believed to be the author of the fourth gospel and the three New Testament epistles of John. He is also identified with Saint John the Divine, the author of the Book of Revelation. John was the brother of another apostle, Saint James the Greater. Together with his brother and Saint Peter, John belonged to the inner group of disciples. His feast day is December 27.
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"John, Saint." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "John, Saint." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-JohnSaint.html "John, Saint." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-JohnSaint.html |
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St John
St John ♂ Name expressing devotion to St John, generally pronounced ‘sin-jen’ it has been in use in the English-speaking world, mainly among Roman Catholics, from the last two decades of the 19th century up to the present day.
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PATRICK HANKS, KATE HARDCASTLE, and FLAVIA HODGES. "St John." A Dictionary of First Names. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. PATRICK HANKS, KATE HARDCASTLE, and FLAVIA HODGES. "St John." A Dictionary of First Names. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O41-StJohn.html PATRICK HANKS, KATE HARDCASTLE, and FLAVIA HODGES. "St John." A Dictionary of First Names. 2006. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O41-StJohn.html |
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Saint John
Saint John Virgin Islands: see Virgin Islands of the United States. |
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"Saint John." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Saint John." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-X-StJohnVI.html "Saint John." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-X-StJohnVI.html |
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