Linus Carl Pauling
The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition | Date: 2008
Linus Carl Pauling , 1901-94, American chemist, b. Portland, Oreg. He was one of the few recipients of two Nobel Prizes, winning the chemistry award in 1954 and the peace prize in 1962. His scientific career centered around the California Institute of Technology, where he received his doctorate in 1925 and became professor of chemistry in 1931 after a period of study abroad with Arnold Sommerfeld , Niels Bohr , and Erwin Schrödinger . He was among the first to apply the quantum theory to calculations of molecular structures; his book The Nature of the Chemical Bond (1939, 3d ed. 1960) is still the classic in the field. He developed the concept of resonance to explain covalent bonds in certain organic compounds (see chemical bond ). His later work concerned molecular biology; using physical techniques, he determined the three-dimensional structures of many antitoxins, amino acids, and proteins. He was the first recipient of two honors awarded by the American Chemical Society: the Langmuir prize (1931) and the Lewis medal (1951). Outside of his scientific work, Pauling took a vital interest in public affairs, especially the movement for world disarmament. His No More War (1958) was a plea for international peace. In addition to receiving the Nobel Peace Prize, he was among seven awarded the 1968-69 International Lenin Peace Prize. He also championed the use of large quantities (megadoses) of vitamin C for controlling the common cold and the use of chemotherapy in general for the cure of mental diseases such as schizophrenia.
Bibliography: See T. Hager, Force of Nature: the Life of Linus Pauling (1995); T. Goertzel and B. Goertzel, Linus Pauling: A Life in Science and Politics (1995); B. Marinacci, ed., Linus Pauling in His Own Words (1995).
Author not available, PAULING, LINUS CARL.,
The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition 2008
The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Copyright 2008 Columbia University Press
Related newspaper, magazine, and journal articles from HighBeam Research
|
Stamps of approval for four U.S. scientists; Carl Sagan next?(NEWS AND COMMENT)(Linus Pauling, John Bardeen, Gerry Cori, and Edwin Hubble)
Skeptical Inquirer; 7/1/2008; 507 words
; ... twentieth-century scientists John Bardeen, Gerry Cori, Edwin Hubble, and Linus Pauling. They recognize four extraordinary individuals who pushed ... back of each stamp. Artist Victor Stabin and art director Carl Herrman created a painted portrait plus representations ... Physics. A remarkably versatile ...
Read more
|
|
Obituary: Professor Linus Pauling
The Independent - London; 8/22/1994; MANSEL DAVIES; 787 words
; Linus Carl Pauling, chemist, peace campaigner: born ... University 1969-74 (Emeritus); President, Linus Pauling Institute of Science and Medicine ... within the science of chemistry than Linus Pauling. He had a keenly focused but wide-rangi ... simple preparative items had made ...
Read more
|
|
Linus Pauling and the Chemistry of Life.(Review)
Science Activities; 3/22/1999; Schack, Markham B.; 409 words
; Linus Pauling and the Chemistry of Life. Tom Hager ... women of science--Albert Einstein, Carl Sagan, Jonas Salk, Marie Curie, Linus Pauling--were conspicuously absent from this list. Linus Pauling was one of the most influential people ... contributions to science and humanity? ...
Read more
|
|
Two-Time Nobel Winner Linus Pauling Dies at 93
The Washington Post; 8/21/1994; Bart Barnes; 787 words
; Linus Pauling, 93, a brilliant and controversial ... Big Sur, Calif. He had cancer. Pauling was one of only two persons ... proteins. In the political arena, Pauling was an outspoken opponent of ... most influential scientists. Pauling was awarded the Soviet Union ... of the birth of V.I. Lenin ... .
Read more
|
|
|
Nobel Prize Winner Linus Pauling Dies
The Washington Post; 8/20/1994; 309 words
; Two-time Nobel Prize winner Linus C. Pauling, a leader in the fight against nuclear weapons and an advocate of vitamin C to prevent cancer, the common cold and other diseases, died Friday. He was 93. Pauling died at his ranch in the Big Sur area about 7:20 p.m. Pacific time, according to the Linus ...
Read more
|
