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chauvinism

chauvinism

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. | 2008 | Copyright

chauvinism , word derived from the name of Nicolas Chauvin, a soldier of the First French Empire. Used first for a passionate admiration of Napoleon, it now expresses exaggerated and aggressive nationalism. As a social phenomenon, chauvinism is essentially modern, becoming marked in the era of acute national rivalries and imperialism beginning in the 19th cent. It has been encouraged by mass communication, originally by the cheap newspaper. Chauvinism exalts consciousness of nationality, spreads hatred of minorities and other nations, and is associated with militarism, imperialism, and racism. In the 1960s, the term "male chauvinist" appeared in the women's liberation movement; it is applied to males who refuse to regard females as equals.

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Chauvinism

Allusions--Cultural, Literary, Biblical, and Historical: A Thematic Dictionary | 1986 | Copyright

104. Chauvinism (See also Bigotry, Patriotism.)

  1. Chauvin, Nicolas soldier who passionately admired Napoleon; whence, ultranationalism. [Fr. Hist.: NCE, 518]
  2. Helmer, Torvald treats wife Nora as an inferior being. [Nor. Lit.: A Doll’s House ]
  3. Jingo legendary second-century empress of Japan, victorious invader of Korea and hence the conjectural eponym of jingoism. [Jap. Hist.: EB (1963) XIII, 69]
  4. Jingoes nickname of 19th-century English pro-war party. [Br. Hist.: EB (1963) XIII, 69]
  5. male chauvinist pig denigrating designation for a man who treats women as inferiors. [Am. Pop. Culture: Misc.]
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"Chauvinism." Allusions--Cultural, Literary, Biblical, and Historical: A Thematic Dictionary. 1986. Encyclopedia.com. 13 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

"Chauvinism." Allusions--Cultural, Literary, Biblical, and Historical: A Thematic Dictionary. 1986. Encyclopedia.com. (February 13, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-2505500113.html

"Chauvinism." Allusions--Cultural, Literary, Biblical, and Historical: A Thematic Dictionary. 1986. Retrieved February 13, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-2505500113.html

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chauvinism

The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English | 2009 | Copyright

chau·vin·ism / ˈshōvəˌnizəm/ • n. exaggerated or aggressive patriotism. ∎  excessive or prejudiced loyalty or support for one's own cause, group, or gender: a bastion of male chauvinism. ORIGIN: late 19th cent.: named after Nicolas Chauvin, a Napoleonic veteran noted for his extreme patriotism, popularized as a character by the Cogniard brothers in Cocarde Tricolore (1831).

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chauvinism

The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable | 2006 | | Copyright

chauvinism exaggerated or aggressive patriotism; excessive or prejudiced support or loyalty for one's own cause, group, or sex. The word dates from the late 19th century and is named after Nicolas Chauvin, a Napoleonic veteran noted for his extreme patriotism, popularized as a character by the Cogniard brothers in Cocarde Tricolore (1831).
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ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "chauvinism." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. 13 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "chauvinism." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. (February 13, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-chauvinism.html

ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "chauvinism." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Retrieved February 13, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-chauvinism.html

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chauvinism

The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology | 1996 | | Copyright

chauvinism bellicose patriotism. XIX. — F. chauvinisme, f. name of Nicolas Chauvin, a veteran of the First Republic and Empire, noted for demonstrative patriotism, and popularized as the name of a character in ‘La Cocarde tricolore’ (1831) by the brothers Cogniard; see -ISM.
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T. F. HOAD. "chauvinism." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology. 1996. Encyclopedia.com. 13 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

T. F. HOAD. "chauvinism." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology. 1996. Encyclopedia.com. (February 13, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O27-chauvinism.html

T. F. HOAD. "chauvinism." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology. 1996. Retrieved February 13, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O27-chauvinism.html

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Free newspaper and magazine articles

Against consciousness chauvinism.(Report)
Magazine article from: The Monist; 4/1/2008
Karunanidhi warns against linguistic chauvinism.
News Wire article from: PTI - The Press Trust of India Ltd.; 12/9/2009
School head fights 'ethnic chauvinism'; Says Arizona classes divide students...
Newspaper article from: The Washington Times (Washington, DC); 7/28/2009

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