James Lind

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James Lind

James Lind 1716-94, English naval surgeon. Considered the founder of naval hygiene in England, Lind observed on a ten-week cruise (1746) that 80 seamen of 350 came down with scurvy . In his Treatise of the Scurvy (1753) he emphasized the preventive effect of ingesting fresh fruit or lemon juice, thus reviving a practice of Dutch and English seafarers of the 16th cent. However, it was not until 1795, and through the efforts of Sir Gilbert Blane (1749-1834), that lemon juice was officially ordered as part of naval rations by the Admiralty. Lind also improved sanitary conditions aboard ships of the line, advocated the distilling of seawater for drinking purposes on long journeys, and, through his writings on tropical diseases, helped prevent much unnecessary loss of life during British campaigns.

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Lind, James

A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition | 2005 | | Â© A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition 2005, originally published by Oxford University Press 2005. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

Lind, James (1716–94) British naval surgeon; published Treatise on the Scurvy (1753) demonstrating the value of fresh fruit and lemon juice to prevent or cure scurvy.

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DAVID A. BENDER. "Lind, James." A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 9 Dec. 2009 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

DAVID A. BENDER. "Lind, James." A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (December 9, 2009). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O39-LindJames.html

DAVID A. BENDER. "Lind, James." A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition. 2005. Retrieved December 09, 2009 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O39-LindJames.html

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Free newspaper and magazine articles

	Southwestern Law School has granted professorships to Danielle Kie Hart, James M. Fischer and Robert C. Lind for 2005-06.(Education)(Brief Article) Magazine article from: Los Angeles Business Journal; 6/13/2005
	Hamilton's Republic: REadings in the American Democratic Nationalist Tradition. Magazine article from: National Review; 1/26/1998
	The Alamo: An Epic. Magazine article from: National Review; 6/16/1997

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	Writing After Hitler: The Work of Jakov Lind.(Brief Article)(Book Review) Magazine article from: The Modern Language Review; 10/1/2003; ; 700+ words ; ...interesting to contextualize Lind's work within the works of...more recently Maxim Biller. Lind's case would thus also open...Laub, Lawrence Langer, and James Young. It is to be hoped that...more forceful consideration of Lind's work within the developing...
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	HELEN BENWAY LIND.(CAPITAL REGION) Newspaper article from: Albany Times Union (Albany, NY); 2/21/1994; 448 words ; ...Club in Albany. Survivors include her husband, James E. Lind; three sons, Brian E. Lind of Binghamton, Jeffrey E. Lind of Schenectady and James E. Lind Jr. of New York City; two sisters, Pauline...
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