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HIV

The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus), either of two closely related retroviruses that invade T-helper lymphocytes and are responsible for AIDS . There are two types of HIV: HIV-1 and HIV-2. HIV-1 is responsible for the vast majority of AIDS in the United States. HIV-2, seen more often in western Africa, has a slower course than HIV-1. There are many strains of both types and the virus mutates rapidly, a trait that has made it especially difficult for researchers to find an effective treatment or vaccine. In many cases, a person's immune system will fight off the invasion of HIV for many yea... Read more

HIV
HIV HIV, the human immunodeficiency virus, is the virus that causes AIDS, a debilitating and deadly disease of the human immune system. HIV is one of the world's most serious health problems: at the end of 2001, more... Read more

HIV Infection and AIDS
HIV infection and AIDS Definition Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a retrovirus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome...helper T cells of the immune system. The most common serotype, HIV-1, is distributed worldwide, while HIV-2 is primarily confined... Read more

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	HIV Vaccine Knowledge and Beliefs among Communities at Elevated Risk: Conspiracies, Questions and Confusion ; HIV vaccines offer the best long-term hope of controlling the AIDS pandemic. We explored HIV vaccine knowledge and beliefs among communities at elevated risk for HIV/AIDS. Participants (N=99; median age=33 years; 48% female; 22% African-American; 44... Read more
	The growing HIV pandemic ; HIV DIAGNOSES Well into the third decade of the HIV pandemic, there is still no cure on the horizon and recent results of preventive vaccine studies have been disappointing. HIV diagnoses continue to escalate and a significant proportion... Read more
	Impact of genetic diversity of HIV-1 on diagnosis, antiretroviral therapy & vaccine development ; HIV-1 strains have diversified extensively through mutation and recombination since their initial transmission to human beings many decades ago in central Africa. The high error rate of HIV reverse transcriptase combined with the estimated in vivo HIV-1 replication rate of ten billion new virions each day ... Read more
	HIV-TB co-infection: Epidemiology, diagnosis & management ; HIV/AIDS pandemic has caused a resurgence of TB, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality worldwide. HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis have a synergistic interaction...progression of the other. Clinical presentation of TB in early HIV infection resembles that observed in immunocompetent persons... Read more
	Dr Miriam Stoppard's Health FocusFour ways to be wise to AIDS; Our weekly advice page. Today: Teen special on the truth about HIV.(Features) ; HIV is usually transmitted through SEXUAL activity. It's hard to catch HIV, but if you do, it's INCURABLE. AIDS is the terminal stage of HIV infection. Here's how you can make sure you have a healthy sex life. WHEN you are armed... Read more
	Consider prognosis in HIV with comorbidities: clinicians need to decide which comorbidities are worth worrying about in the HIV-positive population.(Infectious Diseases) ; WASHINGTON -- More HIV patients are living long enough to die of non-HIV causes, and clinicians who treat these patients will need to juggle the management of HIV with the management of other medical conditions, said... Read more
	Acceptance of HIV Testing among African-American College Students at a Historically Black University in the South ; Purpose: Routine HIV testing on college campuses has the potential to increase students' awareness of their HIV status. Testing targeted only at persons reporting HIV risk behaviors will not identify infected persons who... Read more
	Isolation & preliminary characterization of two HIV-2 strains from Pune, India ; Two HIV-2 strains were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of two HIV-2 seropositive patients with pulmonary tuberculosis...replication pattern. The isolates were confirmed as HIV-2 by nested PCR using HIV-1 and HIV-2 specific oligonucleotide... Read more
	Rise in HIV infection a shock for the West ; Hiv infections have risen by 14 per cent in the region, according to new figures. And about 600 people in the South West could be living with HIV but do not know it. Last year 2,017 people needed HIV care in the South West - a 14 per cent increase on 2005. But sexual health charity the Terrence... Read more
	Anal Condyloma: A Comparison Between HIV Positive and Negative Patients ; HIV positive and negative patients with anal condylomata were compared to determine an association with squamous...1992 to 2003, 61 patients were diagnosed with anal condylomata by anal biopsy. Thirty-four patients were HIV+ and 27 patients were considered HIV-. Upon retrospective chart review, details on ... Read more

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	Management of HIV-infected children.(More about ... Community paediatrics)(Report)
	Update: HIV-2 infection - United States. (AIDS-related disease)
	HIV infection reporting - United States.

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