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Drogheda
Drogheda, Co. Louth, the largest urban centre within a day's ride of Dublin. Two walled settlements on the estuary of the Boyne were established in the 1170s by Anglo‐Norman grantees on opposite banks of the river, with the principal fortification, Millmount, a converted Viking fort, located within the smaller town on the south side. The boroughs were united into a single corporation in 1412 by which point they were linked by a bridge. Exceptionally strong fortifications were erected, with walls of over 1.5 miles in length; the surviving barbican known as St Laurence's Gate gives a hint of their scale. At the south‐eastern tip of the archdiocese of Armagh, Drogheda was for long the main episcopal residence for the primate at a time when much of his jurisdiction lay outside English control. Drogheda merchants, however, enjoyed a privileged trading position in late medieval Gaelic Ulster. Drogheda became in effect the second centre of the Pale; Poynings's Law (1494) was promulgated in one of the many 15th‐century parliaments held in the town.
Its role as outport of Ulster extended into more recent centuries, with the maritime links to Chester and later Liverpool underpinning the town's prosperity. During the Confederate War Drogheda remained in royalist hands; its fall to Cromwell in September 1649 (see drogheda, siege of) became the most notorious event of the Cromwellian reconquest. Drogheda's resurgence as a commercial and manufacturing centre was delayed until the second half of the 18th century when it benefited from the attentions of its then political patron, Speaker John Foster. Coarse linen manufacture helped swell the population to over 15,000 by 1821, and the grain trade, flour milling, and brewing sustained prosperity until the mid‐19th century. Thereafter, despite preserving a diverse industrial base and good port facilities, it lost ground to its northern competitor, Dundalk, and remained in second place to it throughout the 20th century. Bibliography Casey, Christine, and and Rowan, Alisdair , The Buildings of Ireland: North Leinster (1993) David Dickson |
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"Drogheda." The Oxford Companion to Irish History. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Drogheda." The Oxford Companion to Irish History. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O245-Drogheda.html "Drogheda." The Oxford Companion to Irish History. 2007. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O245-Drogheda.html |
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Drogheda
Drogheda is 30 miles north of Dublin at the mouth of the river Boyne. It was the first garrison to be attacked by Oliver Cromwell when he invaded Ireland in 1649. Its royalist defenders included many English protestants as well as catholic Irish. They were no match for Cromwell's 12,000-strong army and heavy siege guns. When Sir Arthur Aston rebuffed the summons to surrender, Cromwell blasted two holes in the southern wall and on 10 September ordered his men into the breach. Only after the second assault, led by Cromwell himself on foot, did the parliamentarians overrun the town, at which point ‘in the heat of action’ he ordered ‘any that were in arms’ put to the sword. Dismayed, some of his soldiers let their prisoners escape. Much of the ensuing massacre, totalling 3,500 soldiers, clergy, and civilians, was carried out in cold blood the next day. Cromwell's intention was that the terrible example of Drogheda would bring Irish catholic resistance to a speedy end. Events proved him wrong.
Ian Gentles |
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JOHN CANNON. "Drogheda." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Drogheda." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-Drogheda.html JOHN CANNON. "Drogheda." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-Drogheda.html |
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Drogheda
Drogheda , town (1991 pop. 24,656), Co. Louth, E central Republic of Ireland, on the Boyne River. The town has a port that exports agricultural products (especially to Liverpool). Industries include cement-processing works, breweries, ironworks, and linen, cotton, and lumber mills. Salmon are caught in the Boyne. Drogheda was a Danish stronghold in the 10th cent. In 1394 the Irish princes of Leinster and Ulster submitted there to Richard II. Poynings's Law (see under Poynings, Sir Edward ) was enacted in Drogheda in the 15th cent. Oliver Cromwell stormed the town in 1649 and massacred the inhabitants. The battle of the Boyne was fought at Drogheda in 1690. Of the ancient town gates, St. Lawrence's Gate on the east side remains. Magdalen Steeple is the only part left of the Dominican abbey founded in 1224. There are ruins of a priory from the time of Edward I. |
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"Drogheda." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Drogheda." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Drogheda.html "Drogheda." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Drogheda.html |
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Drogheda
Drogheda is north of Dublin at the mouth of the river Boyne. It was the first garrison to be attacked by Cromwell when he invaded Ireland in 1649. When Sir Arthur Aston refused to surrender, Cromwell blasted two holes in the wall and on 10 September sent his men into the breach. Only after the second assault did the parliamentarians overrun the town, at which point he ordered ‘any that were in arms’ put to the sword. Cromwell's intention was that the example of Drogheda would bring Irish catholic resistance to a speedy end. Events proved him wrong.
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Cite this article
JOHN CANNON. "Drogheda." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Drogheda." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-Drogheda.html JOHN CANNON. "Drogheda." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-Drogheda.html |
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Drogheda
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JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Drogheda." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Drogheda." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-Drogheda.html JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Drogheda." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-Drogheda.html |
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Drogheda
Drogheda a port in the NE Republic of Ireland, where in 1649 the inhabitants were massacred after refusing to surrender to Oliver Cromwell's forces.
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ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Drogheda." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Drogheda." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-Drogheda.html ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Drogheda." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-Drogheda.html |
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Drogheda
Drogheda (Droichead Átha) Louth. ‘Bridge of the ford’.
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A. D. MILLS. "Drogheda." A Dictionary of British Place-Names. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. A. D. MILLS. "Drogheda." A Dictionary of British Place-Names. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O40-Drogheda.html A. D. MILLS. "Drogheda." A Dictionary of British Place-Names. 2003. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O40-Drogheda.html |
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Drogheda
Drogheda
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"Drogheda." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Drogheda." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-Drogheda.html "Drogheda." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-Drogheda.html |
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