Indian Political Geography

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Cawnpore

The Oxford Companion to British History | 2002 | | Copyright

Cawnpore (Kanpur) was the scene of a bitter struggle during the Indian mutiny and became a symbol of the violence of that conflict. Its British garrison, besieged for nineteen days, was obliged to surrender to Nana Sahib who, on hearing of the approach of Sir Henry Havelock's relieving army, ordered all prisoners to be killed. Havelock retook the town and his forces wreaked a fearful revenge. However, the garrison he left behind proved unable to hold on and Tatya Tope, Nana Sahib's general, effected a reoccupation. It was not until December 1857 that Sir Colin Campbell's army achieved the final reconquest.

David Anthony Washbrook

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JOHN CANNON. "Cawnpore." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

JOHN CANNON. "Cawnpore." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-Cawnpore.html

JOHN CANNON. "Cawnpore." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-Cawnpore.html

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Cawnpore

A Dictionary of British History | 2004 | | Copyright

Cawnpore (Kanpur) saw a bitter struggle during the Indian mutiny. Its British garrison was obliged to surrender to Nana Sahib who, on hearing of the approach of Sir Henry Havelock's relieving army, ordered all prisoners to be killed. Havelock retook the town and his forces wreaked a fearful revenge. However, the garrison he left behind proved unable to hold on and Tatya Tope, Nana Sahib's general, effected a reoccupation. It was not until December 1857 that Sir Colin Campbell's army achieved the final reconquest.

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JOHN CANNON. "Cawnpore." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

JOHN CANNON. "Cawnpore." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-Cawnpore.html

JOHN CANNON. "Cawnpore." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-Cawnpore.html

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Cawnpore

The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable | 2006 | | Copyright

Cawnpore earlier variant spelling of Kanpur in northern India, the site of a massacre of British soldiers and European families in July 1857, during the Indian Mutiny.

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ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Cawnpore." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Cawnpore." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-Cawnpore.html

ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Cawnpore." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-Cawnpore.html

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Cawnpore

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. | 2011 | Copyright

Cawnpore India: see Kanpur .

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"Cawnpore." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

"Cawnpore." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-X-Cawnpore.html

"Cawnpore." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-X-Cawnpore.html

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Free newspaper and magazine articles

	MUTINY AND MUTILATION IN THE EMPIRE; Our Bones Are Scattered: The Cawnpore... Newspaper article from: Daily Mail (London); 8/10/1996
	TIDE OF BLOOD; Jails ankle-deep in the gore of butchered women and children.... Newspaper article from: Daily Mail (London); 8/24/2002
	WEEKEND LIFE: I've no more sons to give ..; She had a remarkable life marred... Newspaper article from: Daily Record (Glasgow, Scotland); 3/25/2000