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Campania

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. | 2011 | Copyright

Campania , region (1991 pop. 5,191,468), 5,249 sq mi (13,595 sq km), central Italy, extending from the Apennines W to the Tyrrhenian Sea and from the Garigliano River S to the Gulf of Policastro. It includes the islands of Capri, Ischia, and Procida. Naples is the capital of Campania, which is divided into Benevento, Caserta, Naples, and Salerno provs. (named for their capitals).

The central coast of the region is mostly high and rocky, with volcanic ridges and the crater of Vesuvius . The northern and southern coastal areas are fertile plains, famous since ancient times for their agricultural output. The interior of Campania is mountainous. The area had significant out-migration in the late 19th and early 20th cent., particularly to the United States. Overpopulation continues to be a problem, as the per capita income is far below the Italian average.

The region's farm products include grapes, citrus fruit, olives, apricots, grain, and vegetables. Industry is mostly clustered along the shore of the Bay of Naples; manufactures include textiles, shoes, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, refined petroleum, metal goods, wine, and processed food. There is also a thriving tourist industry.

Various Italic tribes, Greek colonists, Etruscans, and Samnites lived in the region before it was conquered (4th–2d cent. BC) by Rome. In Roman times the term Campania referred mainly to Naples and its surrounding area. After the fall of Rome, the Goths and the Byzantines occupied the region; it later became part of the Lombard duchy of Benevento (except Naples and Amalfi, which were independent republics). In the 11th cent. the Normans conquered Campania, and in the 12th cent. it became part of the kingdom of Sicily. Naples soon rose to prominence, and after the Sicilian Vespers revolt (1282) it was made the capital of a separate kingdom. For the later history of Campania, see Naples, kingdom of and Two Sicilies, kingdom of the . In World War II there was heavy fighting around Naples after the Allied landing (Sept., 1943) at Salerno .

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"Campania." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

"Campania." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Campania.html

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Campania

Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names | 2005 | | Copyright

Campania, Italy A region whose name is derived from the Campani, the pre‐Roman name for the inhabitants of Capua, the area's most important city in ancient times, and of the Campanian plain. Campani is probably an Oscan name and it may be associated with the later Latin campus ‘plain’. Campania was colonized by the Greeks from c.750 bc and by the Etruscans, and only in the late 4th century bc was it conquered by the Romans.

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JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Campania." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Campania." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-Campania.html

JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Campania." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-Campania.html

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Campania

The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable | 2006 | | Copyright

Campania territory in ancient Italy south of Latium, lying between the Apennines and the Tyrrhenian Sea, and extending south to the Surrentine promontory (Sorrento). A volcanic plain, it is exceptionally fertile, and many wealthy Romans had villas there.

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ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Campania." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Campania." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-Campania.html

ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Campania." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-Campania.html

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Free newspaper and magazine articles

	AMONG GOOD CAMPANIA.(Taste) Newspaper article from: The Santa Fe New Mexican (Santa Fe, NM); 9/16/2009
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