stipendiary magistrates
stipendiary magistrates are paid magistrates who are professional lawyers. The normal mode of trial of minor criminal offences is by a bench of lay magistrates, but in the 18th cent. the problem of crime in London, exacerbated by the lack of a police force, led to the establishment in 1792 of paid magistrates for the metropolis. In 1813 a stipendiary magistrate was appointed for Manchester and later legislation provided that boroughs and urban areas could request the appointment of a stipendiary. In 1839 those appointed were to be barristers; since 1949 solicitors may also be appointed.
Maureen Mulholland
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stipendiary magistrates