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Sciuridae

A Dictionary of Zoology | 1999 | Copyright

Sciuridae (squirrels; order Rodentia, suborder Sciuromorpha) A family of diurnal, mainly arboreal but also terrestrial or burrowing rodents, in which the tail is fully haired and often bushy, there are four digits on the fore limbs and five on the hind limbs, all with sharp claws, and the eyes and ears are relatively large. The cheek teeth are low-crowned and lophodont. Squirrels are distributed widely in Eurasia and N. America, but do not occur in Australasia or Madagascar. In addition to the familiar arboreal squirrels (e.g. Sciurus vulgaris, red squirrel of Eurasia and Petaurista alborufa, red-and-white giant flying squirrel of southern Asia) the family includes ground squirrels (e.g. Tamias and Eutamias, N. American chipmunks, Cynomys ludovicianus and C. leucurus, prairie dogs of N. America, and Marmota marmota, marmot or woodchuck). Squirrels reached S. America during the Pleistocene but are not found in the southern part of the continent. There are 47 genera, with about 250 species.

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MICHAEL ALLABY. "Sciuridae." A Dictionary of Zoology. 1999. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2010 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

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