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HIV
HIV
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) The
retrovirus that causes
AIDS in humans. It has a specific affinity for the helper
T cells of its host, binding to
CD4 antigens on the cell surface and thereby disabling these cells. The membrane envelope glycoproteins encasing the virus show great variability in their amino-acid sequences, hence the difficulty of preparing an effective AIDS vaccine. Two varieties (serovars) are known: HIV-1 and HIV-2. The latter, which is less virulent, is found chiefly in Africa. HIV is thought to have originated from chimpanzees in central Africa.
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HIV Vaccine Study First to Show Some Effectiveness in Preventing HIV.
Newspaper article from: AIDS Vaccine Week; 10/5/2009; 700+ words
; ...has demonstrated that an investigational HIV vaccine regimen was safe and modestly effective in preventing HIV infection. According to final results released...the prime boost combination of ALVAC[R] HIV and AIDSVAX[R] B/E lowered the rate...
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HIV Vaccine Knowledge and Beliefs among Communities at Elevated Risk: Conspiracies, Questions and Confusion
Magazine article from: Journal of the National Medical Association; 12/1/2005; ; 700+ words
; HIV vaccines offer the best long-term hope of controlling the AIDS pandemic. We explored HIV vaccine knowledge and beliefs among communities at elevated risk for HIV/AIDS. Participants (N=99; median age=33 years...
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HIV transmission among black women--North Carolina, 2004.
Newspaper article from: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report; 2/4/2005; ; 700+ words
; ...virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/ AIDS) cases in the United States; approximately...is now the most commonly reported mode of HIV transmission among women (1). In North...up a growing proportion of newly reported HIV infections and, in 2003, the HIV-infection...
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HIV/AIDS epidemic in India: risk factors, risk behaviour & strategies for prevention & control
Magazine article from: Indian Journal of Medical Research; 4/1/2005; ; 700+ words
; Since the first report of HIV infection in India in 1986, the virus...estimated 5.1 million people infected with HIV with an overall estimated adult prevalence...yielded prevalence estimates, but data on HIV incidence are limited. Both HIV serotypes...
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HIV/AIDS among Minority Races and Ethnicities in the United States, 1999-2003
Magazine article from: Journal of the National Medical Association; 7/1/2005; ; 700+ words
; ...and ethnicities. Methods: We analyzed HIV/AIDS data for 2000-2003 reported by...had confidential name-based reporting of HIV infection since 1999. For analysis of AIDS...50 states and the District of Columbia. HIV/AIDS and AIDS data were statistically...
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HIV testing: an update.(Cover story)
Magazine article from: Medical Laboratory Observer; 2/1/2008; ; 700+ words
; ...able to: 1. List the new CDC recommendations for HIV testing. 2. Describe the virology of HIV. 3. List and explain the methodology of the different screening assays used to detect HIV. 4. List common symptoms of patients who have...
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Advancing HIV Prevention: New Strategies for a Changing Epidemic - United States, 2003
Newspaper article from: Westside Gazette; 7/9/2003; 700+ words
; ...increases in newly diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections among MSM and among heterosexuals have created concern that HIV incidence might be increasing. In addition, declines in HIV morbidity and mortality during the late 1990s attributable...
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HIV testing among pregnant women--United States and Canada, 1998-2001.
Newspaper article from: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report; 11/15/2002; 700+ words
; ...perinatal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission and maternal treatment has resulted in a greater emphasis on prenatal HIV testing and substantial increases in prenatal...data indicated that 766 (93%) of 824 HIV-infected women in 25 states knew their...
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HIV testing becomes more routine with new guidance.
Newspaper article from: Hospital Employee Health; 11/1/2006; 700+ words
; HIV testing becomes more routine with new guidance Change aids HCWs with exposure Routine HIV screening of patients could benefit health care workers who need to know the HIV status of patients following a bloodborne pathogen...
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HIV infection and children: A medical overview
Magazine article from: Child Welfare; 3/1/1998; ; 700+ words
; ...CWLA) National Task Force on Children and HIV Infection published its Initial Guidelines on HIV Infection, a monograph that evolved in response...the social, medical, and legal challenges of HIV/AIDS continue to affect children, families...
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HIV
Book article from: Genetics
HIV HIV, the human immunodeficiency virus, is the virus that causes AIDS, a debilitating and deadly disease of the human immune system. HIV is one of the world's most serious health problems: at the end of 2001...
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HIV Infection and AIDS
Encyclopedia entry from: Gale Encyclopedia of Children's Health: Infancy through Adolescence
HIV infection and AIDS Definition Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a retrovirus that causes acquired immune deficiency...cells of the immune system. The most common serotype, HIV-1, is distributed worldwide, while HIV-2 is primarily...
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HIV/AIDS
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Public Health
HIV/AIDS Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, or AIDS, is the final...stage of infection with any of the human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV-1, its many subtypes, or HIV-2), which are transmitted from person to person sexually (including...
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People with HIV/AIDS
Book article from: AIDS/HIV
Chapter 7 People with HIV/AIDS Staggeringly large numbers of people are afflicted with HIV/AIDS in the United States. An increasing proportion of the population lives with HIV infection. By the early 2000s more Americans than...
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HIV and AIDS Worldwide
Book article from: AIDS/HIV
Chapter 9 HIV and AIDS Worldwide SCOPE OF THE PROBLEM Few...as the pandemic (worldwide epidemic) of HIV/AIDS. As an illustration of this statement...number by more than one hundred million. The HIV/AIDS pandemic is actually many separate...
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