Research topic:Edward I

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Edward I

World Encyclopedia | 2005 | © World Encyclopedia 2005, originally published by Oxford University Press 2005. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

Edward I (1239–1307) King of England (1272–1307), son and successor of Henry III. His suppression of the Barons' War, led by Simon de Montfort, made him king in all but name. In 1270 Edward joined the Ninth Crusade, and was crowned on his return (1274). His foreign policy was aggressive. He conquered Wales and incorporated it into England (1272–84). In 1296 he captured the Scottish coronation stone from Scone, but William Wallace and Robert I (the Bruce) led Scottish resistance. Edward's domestic reforms are central to Britain's legal and constitutional history. The Statutes of Westminster codified common law. Edward's foreign ambitions led to the formation of the Model Parliament (1295). His son, Edward II, inherited high taxation and the enmity of Scotland.

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