clay minerals
clay minerals Members of the
phyllosilicates (sheet silicates) with related chemistry, all are hydrous aluminium silicates with layered structure; layers of [SiO
4] tetrahedra of composition [Si
4O
10]
4− are joined to Al-O layers (gibbsite-type layers) or (Mg,Fe)-O layers (brucite-type layers). 1:1 sheet silicates have one Si-O layer coupled to one brucite or gibbsite layer and include the
serpentine group and the
kaolinite or kandite group of clays; 2:1 sheet silicates have two Si-O layers joined to one brucite or gibbsite layer and include the
smectite and
illite groups of clays,
bentonite and
montmorillonite, as well as
talc and the
mica group; 2:2 sheet silicates have two Si-O layers joined to two brucite or gibbsite layers and include the
chlorite group. It is difficult to distinguish clay minerals by hand or under the microscope, so sophisticated techniques of
X-ray diffraction and
scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are used to determine the precise clay mineral under investigation.
Cite this article
Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography.
|
Altar on Greek summit seems to predate Zeus Pottery scraps perhaps 5,000 years old
Newspaper article from: International Herald Tribune; 2/6/2008; ; 700+ words
; ...literature and previous archaeological research. The Greek traveler Pausanias, writing in the second century A.D., described...and from it most of the Peloponnesus can be seen," Pausanias wrote. "Before the altar on the east stand two pillars...
|
|
|
Altar appears to predate Zeus Evidence of devotion to another deity is found in Greece
Newspaper article from: International Herald Tribune; 2/6/2008; ; 700+ words
; ...literature and previous archaeological research. The Greek traveler Pausanias, writing in the second century A.D., described...and from it most of the Peloponnesus can be seen," Pausanias wrote. "Before the altar on the east stand two pillars...
|
|
A tour of the city.(Mycenaen civilization)
Magazine article from: Calliope; 9/1/2002; ; 700+ words
; ...as the "Tomb of Agamemnon" or "Treasury of Atreus." The latter name traces its origin to the ancient Greek traveler Pausanias, who mistook the monumental building for an underground treasure-chamber. The tomb was looted in antiquity...
|
|
Ancient myths and avian pestilence.(ABOUT THE COVER)
Magazine article from: Emerging Infectious Diseases; 8/1/2005; ; 700+ words
; ...crooked like the ibis," wrote ancient Hellene traveler and writer, Pausanias (1). He was referring to large flocks of metal...men wear is pierced by the birds," elaborated Pausanias (1). Pets of Ares, god of war, these birds...
|
|
The road to ancient Helike
Magazine article from: Natural History; 11/1/2000; ; 700+ words
; ...warships anchored in the harbor disappeared. All that showed of Helike above water, according to Pausanias, a Greek geographer and traveler writing in the same century as Aelian, were the tops of trees from a sacred grove dedicated to Poseidon...
|
|
|
The Road to Ancient Helike.(astronomer Steven Sorer's participation in geological research that lead to discovery of ancient Greek city)
Magazine article from: Natural History; 11/1/2000; ; 700+ words
; ...warships anchored in the harbor disappeared. All that showed of Helike above water, according to Pausanias, a Greek geographer and traveler writing in the same century as Aelian, were the tops of trees from a sacred grove dedicated to Poseidon...
|
|
Resource-based tourism: an emerging trend in tourism experiences.
Magazine article from: Parks & Recreation; 9/1/1997; ; 700+ words
; ...current academic and popular interest in the topic, resource-based tourism is not a new phenomenon. Greek traveler and geographer Pausanias' second-century A.D. Guide to Greece, one of the earliest travel guides discovered, described natural...
|
|
Sports and politics: goodbye Sydney 2000--Hallo Athens 2004.
Magazine article from: East European Quarterly; 3/22/2004; ; 700+ words
; ...Milos and Leonidas of Rhodos, winners of the 540 to 516 B.C. Olympiads and those of 164 to 152 B.C. respectively, has each won a niche in the Olympic museum in Lausanne. The traveler and writer Pausanias refers to an interesting cas
|
|
Apollo and the Archaic temple at Corinth.
Magazine article from: Hesperia; 6/22/2004; ; 700+ words
; ...with its bronze statue that Pausanias (2.3.6) saw on his right...beacon and focus for early travelers, the first excavators of...related to the description of Pausanias, and by 1898 Rufus B. Richardson...the particular passage in Pausanias that relates to this issue...
|
|
Travel by the Book.
Magazine article from: Newsweek International; 5/26/2003; ; 700+ words
; ...one day.) It's unlikely Pausanias could have imagined the trend...his compatriots' works, Pausanias' tome transformed civilization...books are going online. In Pausanias' day, the adventurous most...information and chat rooms where travelers can compare notes. Some...a 63-year-old worldly ...
|
|
Pausanias
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
Pausanias fl. AD 150, traveler and geographer, probably b. Lydia. His Description of Greece is an invaluable source for the topography, monuments, and legends...
|
|
Ictinus
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Biography
...would have been more unobstructed space than ever before for witnessing the most secret rites of the Mysteries. The traveler Pausanias states that the temple at Bassae was a votive offering to Apollo for aid in averting the plague of 430/429 B...
|
|
|
Sir James George Frazer
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Biography
...editing Sallust's Catilina et lugurtha (1884), translating Pausanias's Description of Greece (1898), and editing and translating...He obtained ethnographic information from the accounts of travelers, missionaries, and colonial administrators. To obtain desired...
|
