Paris, treaty of
The Oxford Companion to British History
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2002
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© The Oxford Companion to British History 2002, originally published by Oxford University Press 2002. (Hide copyright information)
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Paris, treaty of, 1814. The treaty was concluded between France and the victorious allies (Austria, Great Britain, Portugal, Prussia, Russia, Spain, and Sweden) on 30 May. Napoleon Bonaparte had abdicated on 6 April and the allies wished to offer a generous peace to help the restored king, Louis XVIII. France was allowed to keep her frontiers as on 1 January 1792, thus retaining some of the gains of the revolutionary period. With some exceptions, she regained her colonies. She was to return archives but not the looted art treasures to the countries she had conquered. By a secret clause, the former Austrian Netherlands (Belgium) were to be united with Holland, under the Dutch king. Switzerland was to be neutral. Germany and Italy, which had been reconquered from the French, were to be reconstituted as mosaics of separate states. Details of the territorial settlement were to be determined at a congress to meet shortly in Vienna.
Muriel Evelyn Chamberlain
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