Research topic:Abraham

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Abraham

The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions | 1997 | | © The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions 1997, originally published by Oxford University Press 1997. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

Abraham (originally named Abram). Patriarch of the Israelite people whose story is told in Genesis.

In the aggadah, Abraham is seen as an ideal figure who kept the oral law even before it had been revealed. As the first to recognize God, he is the father of all proselytes.

In Christianity, Abraham is an exemplar of the efficacy of faith without law (Romans 4, Galatians 3. 6–9) and of faith as such (Hebrews 11. 8 ff.). In James 2. 20–4, his faith (in his willingness to sacrifice Isaac) is an illustration of justification by works. He was believed to have been one of the just liberated by Christ on his descent into hell. See also ABRAHAM'S BOSOM.

In Islam, his name (in the Qurʾān) is Ibrāhīm. He is seen as a prophet and the one who together with his son Ismāʿīl (Ishmael) restored the original monotheistic worship at the Kaʿba in Mecca. (Qurʾān 2.125). Ibrāhīm is considered as the original Muslim, who submitted to Allāh as a ḥanīf (monotheist) and muslim (3. 67). Islam is itself referred to as the ‘religion of Ibrāhīm’ (millat Ibrāhīm, 2. 130).

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