alkali metals
From: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
|
Date: 2008
alkali metals metals found in Group 1 of the periodic table . Compared to other metals they are soft and have low melting points and densities. Alkali metals are powerful reducing agents and form univalent compounds. All react violently with water, releasing hydrogen and forming hydroxides. They tarnish rapidly even in dry air. They are never found uncombined in nature. In order of increasing atomic number the alkali metals are lithium , sodium , potassium , rubidium , cesium , and francium .
Author not available, ALKALI METALS.,
The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition 2008
The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Copyright 2008 Columbia University Press
For permission to reuse this article, contact Copyright Clearance Center.
Related articles from HighBeam Research:
|
Alkali Soil Reclamation with Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum in China and Assessment of Metal Content in Corn Grains
Soil & Sediment Contamination; 1/1/2004; Sakai, Yuji; Matsumoto, Satoshi; Sadakata, Masayoshi; 5134 words;
... and saline-alkali soil is very ... transition metals are easily ... Comparing the metals in FGDG with those in this alkali soil, the contents of most metals in the alkali soil were higher ... indigenous heavy metals in alkaline sodic and acidic ...
|
|
Vertical distribution of alkali and alkaline earth metals in the soil profile of a wetland-terrestrial ecosystem complex in India.(Report)
Australian Journal of Soil Research; 11/1/2007; Prusty, B. Anjan Kumar Azeez, P.A.; 6051 words;
... nutrients including alkali and alkaline earth metals is important for proper management ... respectively, in Figs 2 to 4. Among alkali metals, Na was found in the range 40-45 ... Table 1. Concentration range for alkali metals in soils of Keoladeo National ...
|
|
THE ABSOLUTE ENTROPIES OF ALKALI METAL BORIDES. SIMPLE PATTERNS AND HIGH-LEVEL CALCULATIONS
Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications; 2/1/2007; Cernusák, Ivan; Cukovicová, Martina; Asiama, Alexandra A; Gregurick, Susan K; Et al; 2509 words;
... validity for the series of yet unexplored alkali metal borides MeB (Me = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs). Keywords: Entropy; Pair additivity; Alkali metal borides; Diatomics; Thermodynamics ... diatomic species containing boron and alkali metal and defer also consideration of ...
|
|
Alkali-metal induced molecular assembly in photoirradiated films
Photochemistry and Photobiology; 5/1/2003; Simon, John D; 133 words;
... 572-575) explore the effect of alkali metal ions on the photochromic ... the films in the absence of metals results in the photoreduction of viologen. In the presence of alkali cations, the optical properties ... cation. The model that alkali metals can enhance the "folding" of ...
|
|
|
COUPLED-CLUSTER STUDY OF SPECTROSCOPIC CONSTANTS OF THE ALKALI METAL DIATOMICS: GROUND AND THE SINGLET EXCITED STATES OF Na^sub 2^, NaLi, NaK, and NaRb
Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications; 7/1/2005; Neogrády, Pavel; Szalay, Péter G; Kraemer, Wolfgang P; Urban, Miroslav; 7706 words;
... calculations of spectroscopic constants of alkali metal diatomics. The equilibrium bond ... low-lying singlet excited states of some alkali metal diatomic molecules, Na^sub 2^, NaLi ... cases for our method. In the last decades alkali diatomics have been a focus of intensive ...
|
|
Alkali metal thermal to electric conversion. (includes related article)
Mechanical Engineering-CIME; 10/1/1995; Sievers, Robert K. Ivanenok, Joseph F., III Hunt, Thomas K.; 4247 words;
... fuel flexibility for aerospace and ground power applications. Alkali metal thermal to Electric Conversion (AMTEC), a direct power-conversi ... Performance of the Terrestrial Power Generation Plant Using the Alkali Metal Thermo-Electric Conversion (AMTEC), E. Sasakawa, M. Kanzaka ...
|
|
Using Nanotechnology to Tame Alkali Metals
Chemical Engineering Progress; 1/1/2006; Anonymous; 904 words;
Sodium and other alkali metals readily give up ... that combines an alkali metal with a porous ... clean hydrogen gas. "Alkali metals are truly enabling ... either as a neat alkali metal in porous oxides or as an alkali metal suicide, their ...
|
|
|
Rapid communication: Effect of alkali metal ions on photochromic behavior of bisviologen-incorporated oligo-oxyethylene units[para]
Photochemistry and Photobiology; 5/1/2003; Kuwabara, Tetsuo; Yabuzaki, Akira; 3078 words;
... behavior in the absence and the presence of alkali metal ions in a thin polymer film could ... to the radical cation. The addition of alkali metal ions, especially, K^sup +^ and Na ... conformational change of 1 and 2, in which the alkali metal ion is surrounded by the oligo-oxyethylene ...
|
|
Alkalies, Chlorides, Seawater, and ASR
Concrete International; 8/1/2007; Hime, William G; 1280 words;
... 4 defines alkali as "salts of alkali metals, principally sodium and potassium ... for ASR: "the hydroxides of the alkali metals and of ammonium."7 It's perfect ... Sodium and potassium are well known alkali metals; lithium a little less well known ...
|
|
Investigation of mixing ratio and restraint condition effects on alkali--silica gel pressure in mortar by using a uniaxial alkali-silica gel pressure measuring device (ASGPM-D).
Construction and Building Materials; 6/1/2007; Binal, Adil; 5404 words;
Abstract A pressure of alkali silica gel which is the product of alkali-silica reaction causes pattern crack development and ... based materials. This paper examines the measurement of alkali-silica gel pressure in cylindrical mortar specimen ...
|
|
Effect of Confinement on Properties and Characteristics of Alkali-Silica Reaction Gel
ACI Materials Journal; 5/1/2007; Ostertag, Claudia P; Yi, ChongKu; Monteiro, Paulo J M; 4666 words;
Alkali-silica reaction (ASR) can develop between certain types ... products, respectively. Viscosity measurements of the liquid alkali-silicate solution were also performed. The experimental ... and the reactivity of the reactive aggregate. Keywords: alkali-silica reaction; confinement; cracking. INTRODUCTION ...
|
|
Aggregating experience on concrete.(testing standards should prevent alkali silica reaction)
Chemistry and Industry; 5/21/2001; WOOD, JANET; 2491 words;
The alkali silica reaction can devastate concrete ... reason was identified in the mid-1970s: alkali silica reaction (ASR) was causing the concrete ... concrete between aggregate material and the alkali hydroxides of sodium and potassium that ...
|
|
|
Effects of lithium hydroxide on alkali silica reaction gels created with opal.
Construction and Building Materials; 8/1/2007; Qi, Yin Zi-yun, Wen; 2513 words;
... solution indicated that the reaction of alkali with opal was inhibited in the presence ... application of lithium compounds as ASR (Alkali-silica reaction) ameliorating admixtures ... measuring osmotic pressures developed during alkali-aggregate reaction, Verbeck and Gramlich ...
|
|
Electrochemical behaviour of alkali treated and hydroxyapatite coated 316 LVM.
Trends in Biomaterials and Artificial Organs; 1/1/2005; Thamaraiselvi, T.V. Rajeswari, S.; 1557 words;
... industry. The present study focuses on alkali treatment of 316 LVM using sodiumhydroxide ... The results demonstrated that alkali treatment reduced its corrosion ... authors have studied the effect of alkali on titanium and its alloys. Kokubo ... hydrogel after treatment with alkali and there after, ...
|
&type=1 "ORian (Portland, OR)")
|
Toxic wastes at Alkali Lake pose headache for Oregon.
ORian (Portland, OR); 12/29/2004; 1418 words;
Byline: Mark Larabee Dec. 29--From the air, Alkali Lake looks like most of the dry mudflats that ... empty landscape. The state owns 420 acres of Alkali Lake and has surrounded it with nearly four ... shallow underground water, spreading to 40 acres. Alkali Lake is now one of Oregon's worst ...
|
See all results from premium newspaper and magazine articles, images, maps and more at HighBeam Research.
Related articles from newspapers, magazines and other sources:
|
|