Johan van Oldenbarneveldt , 1547-1619, Dutch statesman. He aided William the Silent in the struggle for Dutch independence from Spain and opposed the dictatorial policy set by Robert Dudley, earl of Leicester , chosen by the States-General as governor-general in 1586. After Leicester's departure (1587) he helped to concentrate military power in the hands of Maurice of Nassau . Made permanent advocate of Holland in 1586, Oldenbarneveldt controlled the civil affairs of the United Provinces (in which Holland was prominent). He represented the patrician manufacturing and commercial oligarchies that ruled the states of Holland; and during his administration Dutch commerce expanded spectacularly, and the Dutch East India Company was founded. He negotiated (1609) a 12-year truce with Spain, despite the objections of Maurice of Nassau, and thus secured virtual recognition of Dutch independence. As leader of the party favoring control of state affairs by the States-General, Oldenbarneveldt was increasingly opposed by the house of Orange. This conflict was aggravated by the fierce struggle of the Remonstrants and the strict Calvinists; in this quarrel, Oldenbarneveldt and Maurice of Nassau found themselves in opposing camps. In 1618, Maurice, determined to crush the Remonstrants, convoked the Synod of Dort, which condemned their doctrine. Oldenbarneveldt was arrested and, after a highly irregular trial for treason, was sentenced to death. His execution was a judicial murder brought about by his personal enemies; no incriminating evidence has ever been found against Oldenbarneveldt, who was one of the ablest and most patriotic statesmen in the history of the Dutch.
Author not available, OLDENBARNEVELDT, JOHAN VAN.,
The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition 2008
The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Copyright 2008 Columbia University Press
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The Lakonia tragedy: No short cut to safety
Sea Classics; 6/1/2002; Keene, Tony; 1115 words;
... her to cruising. At 20,238 tons, the Greek diner LAKONIA had been built in 1929 for a Dutch firm, and named JOHAN VAN OLDENBARNEVELDT. By the early 1960s, as the days of transatlantic passenger service were coming to an end, it was a toss-up ...
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Anniversaries
The Independent - London; 5/13/1996; 335 words;
... Lady Browning), author, 1907; Joe Louis (Joseph Louis Barrow), heavyweight boxing champion, 1914. Deaths: Johan van Oldenbarneveldt, statesman, executed 1619; Sir James Thornhill, painter, 1734; Georges, Baron Cuvier, zoologist and statesman ...
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The Excommunication of Spinoza: Trouble and Toleration in the "Dutch Jerusalem".
Shofar; 6/22/2001; Nadler, Steven; 6190 words;
... Daniel Levi de Barrios als Geschiedschrijver van de Portugees-Israelitische Gemeente te Amsterdam ... Beem and Dan Michman, PINKAS: Geschiedenis van de joodse gemeenschap in Nederland (Amsterdam ... Spinoza's early life is A. M. Vaz Dias and W. G. van der Tak, Spinoza, Merchant and Autodidact ...
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