tympanum

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tympanum

tympanum . In architecture, the triangular space of a pediment , or low-pitched gable, above a portico, door, or window. Its boundaries are generally cornice moldings. The term also designates the solid wall space above an arched window or door. Sculptured tympana of this type, within round or pointed arches, occurred above the doors of the recessed portals in the medieval churches. They were universal in both Romanesque and Gothic periods, and were especially fine in France. The usual subjects are biblical and symbolic, often arranged in horizontal tiers with numerous figures to illustrate a complete legend. Over the central doorway of Notre-Dame de Paris is a depiction of the Last Judgment. In Italy tympana were sometimes decorated with mosaic or fresco.

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"tympanum." The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Dec. 2009 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

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The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music | 1996 | | Â© The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music 1996, originally published by Oxford University Press 1996. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

tympanum, tympana. The kettledrum(s) as spelt in medieval documents (sometimes tymbal), but the modern spelling timpani is now standard.

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MICHAEL KENNEDY and JOYCE BOURNE. "tympanum." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music. 1996. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Dec. 2009 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

MICHAEL KENNEDY and JOYCE BOURNE. "tympanum." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music. 1996. Encyclopedia.com. (December 1, 2009). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O76-tympanum.html

MICHAEL KENNEDY and JOYCE BOURNE. "tympanum." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music. 1996. Retrieved December 01, 2009 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O76-tympanum.html

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A Dictionary of Biology | 2004 | Â© A Dictionary of Biology 2004, originally published by Oxford University Press 2004. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

tympanum (tympanic membrane; eardrum) The membrane that separates the outer ear from the middle ear. It vibrates in response to sound waves and transmits these vibrations via the ear ossicles of the middle ear to the site of hearing (the cochlea of the inner ear). In amphibians and some reptiles there is no external ear and the tympanum is exposed at the skin surface.

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	A new method of studying the anatomy of the posterior tympanum. Magazine article from: Ear, Nose and Throat Journal; 4/1/2004
	Attic cholesteatoma with extension into the tympanum. Magazine article from: Ear, Nose and Throat Journal; 5/1/2000
	CME test. Magazine article from: Ear, Nose and Throat Journal; 4/1/2004

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	A new method of studying the anatomy of the posterior tympanum. Magazine article from: Ear, Nose and Throat Journal; 4/1/2004; ; 700+ words ; ...The anatomic position of the posterior tympanum compromises direct visualization and...measure the structures in the posterior tympanum, thereby allowing for further definition...mechanical barriers to the posterior tympanum, which allows for direct visualization...
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