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plein air

The Oxford Dictionary of Art | 2004 | | Copyright

plein air (French: ‘open air’). Term used to characterize paintings (usually landscapes) done outdoors rather than in the studio, or more generally to describe pictures that give a strong feeling of the open air. Although there are earlier instances, painting outdoors did not become common until the 19th century, when the development of portable equipment made it much easier in practical terms. It became a central feature of Impressionism and is especially associated with Monet.

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IAN CHILVERS. "plein air." The Oxford Dictionary of Art. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (May 29, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O2-pleinair.html

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plein air

The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists | 2003 | | Copyright

plein air (Fr.: ‘open air’). Term used to characterize paintings (usually landscapes) done outdoors rather than in the studio, or more generally to describe pictures that give a strong feeling of the open air. Although there are earlier instances, painting outdoors did not become common until the 19th century, when the development of portable equipment made it much easier in practical terms. It became a central feature of Impressionism and is especially associated with Monet.

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IAN CHILVERS. "plein air." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. 29 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

IAN CHILVERS. "plein air." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. (May 29, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O3-pleinair.html

IAN CHILVERS. "plein air." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists. 2003. Retrieved May 29, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O3-pleinair.html

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plein-air

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. | 2011 | Copyright

plein-air [Fr.,=open-air], term used for paintings or drawings made directly from nature and infused with a feeling of the open air. Painting outdoors is a relatively recent practice; the impressionists and the painters of the Barbizon school made plein-air painting an important dimension of their landscape work.

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"plein-air." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 29 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

"plein-air." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 29, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-pleinair.html

"plein-air." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 29, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-pleinair.html

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Free newspaper and magazine articles

	Plein Air Pleasures.(Brief Article) Magazine article from: Art Business News; 6/1/2001
	Ahhhh! En plein air: making art "in the open air" is a simple concept. Doing... Magazine article from: Art Business News; 10/1/2006
	TAOS WELCOMES PLEIN-AIR PAINTERS; THIRTY ARTISTS FROM NEW MEXICO AND COLORADO... Newspaper article from: Taos News (Taos, NM); 5/7/2009