Art: General

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture Further reading

manueline

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. | 2008 | Copyright

manueline , sumptuous, composite Portuguese style of architectural ornamentation of the early 16th cent. It combined contemporary Portuguese, Spanish, Italian, and Flemish elements and was named for King Manuel I of Portugal (reigned 1495-1521). The Chapter House of the Convent of Christ at Tomar, Portugal (early 16th cent.), with its large-scale windows surrounded with sculptured organic and twisted rope forms, is the major monument of the manueline style. The style was extended to the decorative arts and spread to Spain, Mexico, and India.

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Manueline

A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture | 2000 | | Copyright

Manueline. Portuguese late-Gothic style of the reign of King Manuel I (1495–1521). Highly decorative, it included ropes, corals, twisted piers, and the Cross of the Military Order of Christ, best seen at the Cristo Monastery at Tomar (from 1510).

Bibliography

Cruickshank (ed.) (1996);
Lewis & and Darley (1986);
D. Watkin (1986)

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JAMES STEVENS CURL. "Manueline." A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

JAMES STEVENS CURL. "Manueline." A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O1-Manueline.html

JAMES STEVENS CURL. "Manueline." A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture. 2000. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O1-Manueline.html

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Free newspaper and magazine articles

	Belem bastion. (cultural center, Belem, Portugal) Magazine article from: The Architectural Review; 1/1/1998
	In a rich riot of colour and ornament, Portuguese Azulejos animate buildings... Magazine article from: The Architectural Review; 7/1/2004
	LISBON In 60 seconds. Newspaper article from: Daily Mail (London); 5/14/2008