episome

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episome

episome , unit of genetic material composed of a series of genes that sometimes has an independent existence in a host cell and at other times is integrated into a chromosome of the cell, replicating itself along with the chromosome. Episomes have been studied in bacteria. One group of episomes are actually viruses that infect bacteria. As autonomous units they destroy host cells, and as segments integrated into a chromosome they multiply in cell division and are transferred to daughter cells. Episomes called sex factors determine whether chromosome material will be transferred from one bacterium to another. Other episomes carry genes that make bacteria resistant to the inhibitory action of antibiotics. See recombination .

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episome

A Dictionary of Biology | 2004 | Â© A Dictionary of Biology 2004, originally published by Oxford University Press 2004. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

episome A genetic element that can exist and replicate either independently of its host cell's chromosomes or as an integrated part of the chromosomes. Examples include certain bacterial plasmids.

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	CE test on LABORATORY-BASED INVESTIGATIONS OF IM AND EBV.(CONTINUING EDUCATION)(Epstein-Barr virus)(Infectious mononucleosis) Magazine article from: Medical Laboratory Observer; 1/1/2007

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	KSHV latent nuclear antigen disruption leads to abortive episome persistence. Newspaper article from: Immunotherapy Weekly; 12/29/2004; 700+ words ; ...nuclear antigen disruption leads to abortive episome persistence. "Latent nuclear antigen...sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) episome persistence. LNA colocalizes with KSHV...study, we examined the function of LNA in episome persistence in the context of full-length...
	Scientists at University of North Carolina publish new data on nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Newspaper article from: Cancer Weekly; 12/16/2008; 700+ words ; ...little is known about how this viral episome is lost, scientists writing in the International...see also Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma). Episome loss occurs naturally in nasopharyngeal...found evidence for 2 different pathways of episome loss: (i) rapid loss of the entire...
	Investigators at Harvard University have published new data on sarcoma. Newspaper article from: Cancer Weekly; 6/16/2009; 700+ words ; ...DNA to mitotic chromosomes to mediate episome persistence in dividing cells. C-terminal...chromosomes, and this binding is essential for episome persistence. We now investigate the role...reduce LANA chromosome association or episome persistence. However, when N-terminal...
	Episomal constructs drive long-term integration under selective conditions. Newspaper article from: Biotech Week; 2/4/2004; 589 words ; ...We have developed a telomere-based episome by large-scale amplification in Escherichia coli cells. This episome consists of a PAC vector in which a 6...maintenance of clone 106 into human cells as an episome and its ability to integrate transiently...
	HEMOGLOBIN GENE CONSTRUCT WORKS IN VITRO, PROMISING IN MICE. Magazine article from: BIOWORLD Today; 9/23/1998; 700+ words ; ...ability to maintain itself as a circular episome, or plasmid, in certain human cells...with the ability to maintain a very large episome in bacteria as a circular plasmid - five...doing now," he added, "is putting the episome with the beta-globin gene into globin...
	New gene therapy research from University of California described. Newspaper article from: Gene Therapy Weekly; 5/14/2009; 700+ words ; ...recombined to form a circular plasmid. This episome includes two elements from EBV: an EBV...considerable genetic stability to the episome in replicating cells while avoiding insertional...Quantitative PCR analysis confirmed that the EBV episome was stable at approximately 30 copies...
	Second hit in cervical carcinogenesis process: involvement of wnt/beta catenin pathway.(Review)(Clinical report) Magazine article from: International Archives of Medicine; 7/7/2008; ; 700+ words ; ...viral genome is replicated actively as episome and early genes (E1-E7) are expressed...the maintenance of the viral genome as episome [13]. In turn, E2 is involved in the...LGSIL) the viral genome replicates as an episome and is encapsidated in the nucleus of...
	Epstein-Barr virus latency switch in human B-cells: a physico-chemical model.(Research article) Magazine article from: BMC Systems Biology; 8/31/2007; ; 700+ words ; ...nucleus of the host cells as an extra-chromosomal circular episome. Twelve viral genes can be expressed in different combinations...viral protein is EBNA-1; responsible for viral replication, episome partitioning as well as functioning as regulator of gene transcription...
	Establishment and mitotic stability of an extra-chromosomal mammalian replicon.(Research article)(Report) Magazine article from: BMC Cell Biology; 8/6/2007; ; 700+ words ; ...chromatin function [5, 6, 7, 8, 9]. In this system, episome function depends on a transcription unit linked to an efficient...absence of selection over hundreds of generations [7, 8]. The episome pEPI interacts with the prominent 'nuclear matrix' protein...
	Search for safe and gentle method. Newspaper article from: Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week; 12/4/2004; 700+ words ; ...to further develop a certain type of DNA element, called an episome, for this purpose. The European Union is contributing financial...research consortium are focusing on a new type of vector called an episome. Episomes are DNA elements that do not combine themselves...