Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches: Branches, Schisms, and Heresies

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Catholic Church

World Encyclopedia | 2005 | Copyright

Catholic Church Term used in Christianity with one of several connotations: (1) It is the Universal Church, as distinct from local Churches. (2) It means the Church holding ‘orthodox’ doctrines, defined by St Vincent of Lérins as doctrines held “everywhere, always, and by all” – in this sense the term is used to distinguish the church from heretical bodies. (3) It is the undivided Church as it existed before the schism of East and West in 1054. Following this, the Western Church called itself ‘Catholic’, the Eastern Church ‘Orthodox’. (4) Since the Reformation, the term has usually been used to denote the Roman Catholic Church, although the Anglican Communion and the Old Catholics use it for themselves as well.

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catholic church

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. | 2011 | Copyright

catholic church [Gr.,=universal], the body of Christians, living and dead, considered as an organization. The word catholic was first used c.110 to describe the Church by St. Ignatius of Antioch. In speaking of the time before the Reformation in Western Europe, Catholic is technically used to mean orthodox (i.e., those who accept the tradition as mediated by the Roman Church). Today in English it usually means the Roman Catholic Church . Protestants use the word catholic in its original sense to designate the Christian Church taken as a whole.

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"catholic church." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

"catholic church." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-catholic.html

"catholic church." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-catholic.html

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Old Roman Catholic Church

The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church | 2000 | | Copyright

Old Roman Catholic Church. A small community tracing its episcopal orders to A. H. Mathew.

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E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Old Roman Catholic Church." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Old Roman Catholic Church." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O95-OldRomanCatholicChurch.html

E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Old Roman Catholic Church." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O95-OldRomanCatholicChurch.html

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Free newspaper and magazine articles

	The Eastern Catholic Churches in America. Magazine article from: Contemporary Review; 4/1/2004
	Catholic churches look to expand.(Neighbor) Newspaper article from: Daily Herald (Arlington Heights, IL); 12/14/1997
	Shakopee Catholic churches uncertain about future; Although not on the list... Newspaper article from: Star Tribune (Minneapolis, MN); 12/8/2010