artery

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artery blood vessel that conveys blood away from the heart . Except for the pulmonary artery, which carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs, arteries carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the tissues. The largest arterial trunk is the aorta , branches of which divide and subdivide into ever-smaller tubes, or arterioles, until they terminate as minute capillaries , the latter connecting with the veins (see circulatory system ). Other important arteries are the subclavian and brachial arteries of the shoulder and arm, the carotid arteries that lead to the head, the coronary arteries that nourish the heart itself, and the iliac and femoral arteries of the abdomen and lower extremities. The walls of the large arteries have three layers: a tough elastic outer coat, a layer of muscular tissue, and a smooth, thin inner coat. Arterial walls expand and contract with each heartbeat, pumping blood throughout the body. The pulsating movement of blood, or pulse , may be felt where the large arteries lie near the body surface.

artery A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart towards the other body tissues. Most arteries carry oxygenated blood (the pulmonary artery is an exception). The large arteries branch to form smaller ones, which in turn branch into arterioles. All arteries have muscular walls, whose contraction aids in pumping blood around the body. The accumulation of fatty deposits in the walls of the arteries leads to atherosclerosis, which limits and may eventually block the flow of blood. Compare vein.

artery One of the blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart. The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs, but all other arteries, such as the aorta, carry oxygenated blood to the body's tissues. An artery's walls are thick, elastic, and muscular, and pulsate as they carry the blood. A severed artery causes major haemorrhage. A general term for degenerative diseases of the arteries is arteriosclerosis.

ar·ter·y / ˈärtərē/ • n. (pl. -ter·ies) any of the muscular-walled tubes forming part of the circulation system by which blood (mainly that which has been oxygenated) is conveyed from the heart to all parts of the body. Compare with vein (sense 1). ∎  an important route in a system of roads, rivers, or railroad lines: the east-west artery.

artery (ar-ter-i) n. a blood vessel carrying blood away from the heart. The walls of arteries contain smooth muscle fibres, which contract or relax under the control of the sympathetic nervous system. See illustration overleaf. See also aorta, arteriole.
—arterial adj.

artery XIV. — L. artēria — Gr. artēríā, prob. f. base *ar- raise, repr. in AORTA, ARSIS.
So arterial XV. — F. †artérial (mod. -el).

artery A blood vessel that conveys blood away from the heart.

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