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anion

The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
anion , atom or group of atoms carrying a negative charge. The charge results because there are more electrons than protons in the anion. Anions can be formed from nonmetals by reduction (see oxidation and reduction ) or from neutral acids (see acids and bases ) or polar compounds by ionization. Anionic species include Cl - , SO 4 -- , and CH 3 COO - . Highly colored intermediates in organic reactions are often radical anions (anions containing an unpaired electron). Salts are made up of anions and cations . See ion . Author not available, ANION.... Read more
anion
anion ( an -I-ŏn) n. a negatively charged ion, which moves towards the anode (positive electrode) when an electric current is passed... Read more
anion channel
anion channel n. An ion channel across a cell membrane permitting the transport of anions across it. Read more

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Spatial Distribution of Maxi-Anion Channel on Cardiomyocytes Detected by Smart-Patch Technique
; ABSTRACT Spatial distribution of maxi-anion channels in rat cardiomyocytes were studied...also exhibited a similar pattern. The maxi-anion channel activity could not be detected...observed, for the first time, the maxi-anion events. Smart-patching different regions... Read more
Plasma Membrane Depolarization Induced by Abscisic Acid in Arabidopsis Suspension Cells Involves Reduction of Proton Pumping in Addition to Anion Channel Activation, Which Are Both Ca^sup 2+^ Dependent
; ...triggered by abscisic add (ABA). Activation of anion channels was shown to be a component leading...two different processes: activation of anion channels and inhibition of H+-ATPases...increase in [Ca^sup 2+^]^sub cyt^ enhanced anion channels and impaired H+-ATPases. Abscisic... Read more
The Regulation of Anion Loading to the Maize Root Xylem1[w]
; The regulation of anion loading to the shoot in maize (Zea mays...isolated from the root stele. Two distinct anion conductances were identified. In protoplasts...mays xylem-parenchyma quickly-activating anion conductance (Zm-X-QUAC) was the most prevalent... Read more
A patch-clamp study on the physiology of aluminum toxicity and aluminum tolerance in maize. Identification and characterization of Al3+-induced anion channels
; ...Identification and Characterization of Al"-Induced Anion Channels' The presence of Al" in the rhizosphere...from root apical cells as the deprotonated anion, we used the patch-clamp technique in protoplasts...the activation of an inward Cl- current (anion efflux). Studies with excised membrane... Read more
The serum anion gap
; Objective.-To compare the anion gap (calculated as the sodium concentration...The mean and standard deviations of the anion gaps measured by each method were calculated...while it may be appropriate to lower the anion gap reference interval to 5 to 10 mmol... Read more
Ca^sup 2+^-Dependent and -Independent Abscisic Acid Activation of Plasma Membrane Anion Channels in Guard Cells of Nicotiana tabacum1
; ...with the activation of plasma membrane anion channels in guard cells, by the phytohormone...concentration. In Vicia faba, however, guard cell anion channels activate in a Ca^sup 2+^-independent...sup 2+^ closely matched the activation of anion channels, while the Ca^sup 2+^ rise was... Read more
Wide Nanoscopic Pore of Maxi-Anion Channel Suits its Function as an ATP-Conductive Pathway
; ...The newly proposed function of the maxi-anion channel as a conductive pathway for ATP...to permit passage of a bulky ATP^sup 4-^ anion. We found a linear relationship between...therefore conclude that the nanoscopic maxi-anion channel pore provides sufficient room to... Read more
Characterization of Anion Channels in the Plasma Membrane of Arabidopsis Epidermal Root Cells and the Identification of a Citrate-Permeable Channel Induced by Phosphate Starvation1
; ...electrophysiological characterization of anion channels in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) root epidermal cells and show that anion channels represent a pathway for citrate...Using SO^sub 4^^sup 2-^ as the dominant anion in the pipette, voltage-dependent whole-ce... Read more
The Sodium-Coupled Neutral Amino Acid Transporter SNAT2 Mediates an Anion Leak Conductance that Is Differentially Inhibited by Transported Substrates
; ...acids. Here, we report the existence of a leak anion pathway associated with SNAT2. The leak anion conductance was increased by, but did not require...945;-(methylamino)isobutyrate inhibited the anion leak conductance, each with different potency... Read more
Metabolic acidosis with an elevated anion gap.
; Metabolic Acidosis with an Elevated Anion Gap Determining the cause of metabolic acidosis with a high anion gap may present a diagnostic challenge. Possible...room with metabolic acidosis with a high anion gap may create a diagnostic problem for the... Read more

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