|
Search over 100 encyclopedias and dictionaries: |
Research categories | Follow us on Twitter |
Research categories
View all topics in the newsView all reference sources at Encyclopedia.com |
|||
Wrocław
Wrocław , Ger. Breslau, city (1993 est. pop. 644,000), capital of Dolnośląskie prov., SW Poland, on the Oder (Odra) River. A railway center and river port, the city is also an industrial center with manufactures of heavy machinery, electronics, computers, iron goods, textiles, copper, and food products. Wrocław probably was a Slavic settlement when it was made (c.1000) an episcopal see subordinate to the archbishop of Gniezno. It became (1163) the capital of the duchy of Silesia, ruled by a branch of the Polish Piast dynasty. Sacked by the Mongols in 1241, the city was rebuilt by German settlers and developed as a trade center. Passing (1335) to Bohemia, it became a member (1368-1474) of the Hanseatic League. It was ceded to the Hapsburgs in 1526 and to Prussia in 1742. The city grew considerably in the 19th cent., both in commercial and industrial importance, and was the site of two large semiannual trade fairs. Its university was founded in 1811, when it absorbed the university formerly at Frankfurt-an-der-Oder. Wrocław was badly damaged during a Soviet siege in World War II. After 1945 the German inhabitants were expelled and replaced by Poles. Historic buildings include a 13th-century cathedral, several Gothic churches, and a Gothic town hall that houses a historical museum. |
|
|
Cite this article
"Wrocław." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Wrocław." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Wroclaw.html "Wrocław." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Wroclaw.html |
|
Wrocław
Wrocław (formerly Breslau) Industrial city and port on the River Oder, sw Poland; capital of lower Silesia and Poland's fourth-largest city. Originally a Slavic settlement, it was destroyed by the Mongols in 1241, rebuilt by the Austrians from 1526 and ceded to Prussia in 1741. It developed as a trade centre in the 19th century and was badly damaged in World War 2. It became part of Poland under the terms of the Potsdam Conference (1945). Industries: heavy machinery, processed food, electrical equipment, textiles, paper, timber, chemicals. Pop. (1993) 643,600.
|
|
|
Cite this article
"Wrocław." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Wrocław." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-Wrocaw.html "Wrocław." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-Wrocaw.html |
|
Meyerowitz, Jan
Meyerowitz, Jan [ Jan Hans-Hermann] (b Breslau [now Wroclaw, Poland], 1913; d Colmar, nr Labaroche, 1998). Ger.-born composer (Amer. cit. 1951). Settled in USA 1946, teaching at Tanglewood 1948–51, Brooklyn 1954–61, and in NY from 1962. Works incl. 9 operas, e.g. Esther (1957); choral works incl. The Glory Around His Head (1955), Stabat Mater, e. e. cummings Cantata (1949–56), Emily Dickinson Cantata (1948), Robert Herrick Cantata (1948–54); Sym. Midrash Esther (1957); fl. conc., vc. sonata, songs, etc.
|
|
|
Cite this article
MICHAEL KENNEDY and JOYCE BOURNE. "Meyerowitz, Jan." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music. 1996. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. MICHAEL KENNEDY and JOYCE BOURNE. "Meyerowitz, Jan." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music. 1996. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O76-MeyerowitzJan.html MICHAEL KENNEDY and JOYCE BOURNE. "Meyerowitz, Jan." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music. 1996. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O76-MeyerowitzJan.html |
|
Wrocław
Wrocław, Poland Wrotlizla, Vratislavia, Vretslav, Presslaw, Breslau, Boroszló A city with more than 50 names during its recorded history, Wrocław is named after Braslav, the last Slav leader of the Great Moravian Empire. See Bratislava.
|
|
|
Cite this article
JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Wrocław." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Wrocław." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-Wrocaw.html JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Wrocław." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-Wrocaw.html |
|
Wroclaw
Wroclaw
•Algarve, calve, carve, grave, Graves, halve, Slav, starve, suave, Zouave
•Wroclaw
•Jugoslav, Yugoslav
•moshav • Gustave
|
|
|
Cite this article
"Wroclaw." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Wroclaw." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-Wroclaw.html "Wroclaw." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-Wroclaw.html |
|
Search over 100 encyclopedias and dictionaries:
HighBeam™ Research, Inc. © Copyright 2012. All rights reserved.
The Encyclopedia.com advertising network includes:
