Vientiane

Vientiane

Vientiane , city (1990 est. pop. 140,000), administrative capital and largest city of Laos, N central Laos, on the Mekong River, c.130 mi (210 km) southeast of the former royal capital of Luang Phabang . Vientiane possesses diverse light industry and is a trading center for forest products, textiles, and hides. Many commodities are ferried across the Mekong to Thailand, where they are transported by rail to Bangkok. Chinese and Vietnamese minorities dominate retailing and commerce in Vientiane. The city is noted for its canals, its houses built on stilts, and its numerous pagodas, one of which now houses an architectural museum. There is an international airport. Vientiane was the capital of a Lao kingdom from 1707. It was sacked by the Siamese in 1827. It passed under French rule in 1893 and became the capital of the French protectorate of Laos in 1899. The ruins of the old capital are near the modern city.

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"Vientiane." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

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Vientiane

Vientiane (Viangchan) Capital and chief port of Laos, on the River Mekong, close to the Thai border, n central Laos. It was the capital of the Lao kingdom (1707–1828). The city became part of French Indochina in 1893, and in 1899 became the capital of the French Protectorate. It is a major source of opium for world markets. Industries: textiles, brewing, cigarettes, hides, wood products. Pop. (1996) 189,600.

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"Vientiane." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

"Vientiane." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-Vientiane.html

"Vientiane." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-Vientiane.html

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Vientiane

Vientiane (Viangchan), Laos ‘Sandalwood City’. Vientiane is the French transliteration of the local name from viang ‘city’ or ‘town’ and chan ‘sandalwood’. It was the capital in 1520–45 and then from 1560 to the present day, being moved from Louangphrabang because of the threat from the Burmese.

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JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Vientiane." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Vientiane." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-Vientiane.html

JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Vientiane." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-Vientiane.html

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Vientiane

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"Vientiane." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

"Vientiane." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-Vientiane.html

"Vientiane." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-Vientiane.html

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Free newspaper and magazine articles

Vientiane: Transformations of a Lao Landscape.(Book review)
Magazine article from: Contemporary Southeast Asia; 12/1/2007
Vientiane: Transformations of a Lao Landscape.
Magazine article from: ASEAN Economic Bulletin; 12/1/2008
Hanoi delegation visits Vientiane for stronger cooperation.
News Wire article from: Vietnamese News Agency; 9/15/2008

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