|
Search over 100 encyclopedias and dictionaries: |
Research categories | Follow us on Twitter |
Research categories
View all topics in the newsView all reference sources at Encyclopedia.com |
|||
Toltec
Toltec , ancient civilization of Mexico. The name in Nahuatl means "master builders." The Toltec formed a warrior aristocracy that gained ascendancy in the Valley of Mexico c.AD 900 after the fall of Teotihuacán. Their early history is obscure but they seem to have had ancient links with the Mixtec and the Zapotec . Their capital was Tollán (see Tula ). In architecture and the arts they were masters; they were influenced by Teotihuacán and the Olmec culture. Cholula is considered to be a Toltec site. Toltec civilization was materially far advanced. They smelted metals, and their stonework was highly developed. Their polytheistic religion in later days seems to have centered about Quetzalcoatl . Their ceremonies included human sacrifice, sun worship, and a sacred ball game, tlatchli. They are said to have discovered pulque (a fermented drink), and they had considerable astronomical knowledge, as shown in their calendar cycle of 52 years of 260 days each. A period of southward expansion began c.1000 and resulted in Toltec domination of the Maya of Yucatán from the 11th to the 13th cent. Nomadic peoples (collectively termed the Chichimec ) brought about the fall of Tula and of the Toltec empire in the 13th cent., thus opening the way for the rise of the Aztec . See also pre-Columbian art and architecture . |
|
|
Cite this article
"Toltec." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Toltec." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Toltec.html "Toltec." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Toltec.html |
|
Toltec
Toltec (Nuhuatl, master-builder) Ancient Native American civilization, whose capital was Tollán (Tula), Mexico. The Toltec were the dominant people in the region from ad 900 to 1200. Their architecture is characterized by pyramid building. Although theirs was considered a polytheistic culture, images of Quetzalcóatl predominate. In the 12th century, the civilization was gradually supplanted by the Aztec.
|
|
|
Cite this article
"Toltec." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Toltec." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-Toltec.html "Toltec." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-Toltec.html |
|
Toltec
Tol·tec / ˈtōlˌtek; ˈtäl-/ • n. 1. a member of an American Indian people that flourished in Mexico before the Aztecs. 2. the language of this people. • adj. of or relating to this people. DERIVATIVES: Tol·tec·an / tōlˈtekən; täl-/ adj. |
|
|
Cite this article
"Toltec." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Toltec." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O999-toltec.html "Toltec." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O999-toltec.html |
|
Toltec
Toltec
•beck, bedeck, check, cheque, Chiang Kai-shek, crosscheck, Czech, deck, dreck, exec, fleck, heck, hitech, keck, lek, neck, peck, Québec, rec, reck, sec, sneck, spec, speck, spot-check, tec, tech, Toulouse-Lautrec, trek, wreck
•Hayek • Baalbek • pinchbeck
•Steinbeck • Warbeck
•Brubeck, Lübeck
•Uzbek • Beiderbecke • hacek
•soundcheck • Dubcek • foredeck
•sundeck • afterdeck • quarterdeck
•Dalek, Palekh
•fartlek • Chichimec • Olmec • redneck
•breakneck • V-neck • bottleneck
•swan-neck • roughneck • rubberneck
•halterneck • leatherneck • turtleneck
•henpeck • kopek • shipwreck • Hasek
•Aztec • Mixtec • Toltec • infotech
•discothèque • Zapotec
|
|
|
Cite this article
"Toltec." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Toltec." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-Toltec.html "Toltec." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-Toltec.html |
|
|
Search over 100 encyclopedias and dictionaries:
HighBeam™ Research, Inc. © Copyright 2012. All rights reserved.
The Encyclopedia.com advertising network includes:
