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Tinian
TINIANTINIAN (from 24 July to 1 August 1944). The invasion of Tinian by American forces was necessary to secure the occupation of its neighbor Saipan, captured the previous month. Landing beaches on northern Tinian were chosen to take advantage of field artillery based on Saipan. On the morning of 24 July, following several days of bombardment, the Fourth Marine Division came ashore and pushed rapidly inland, surprising the Japanese force of 8,000. Reinforcements from the Second and Fourth Marine Divisions landed on 25 July and swept to the southern tip by 1 August, killing most of the Japanese garrison. American casualties were 328 killed and 1,571 wounded. Tinian became a major U.S. Air Force base for the strategic bombardment of Japan. BIBLIOGRAPHYCrowl, Philip. Campaign in the Marianas. Washington, D.C.: Office of the Chief of Military History, Dept. of the Army, 1960. Hoffman, Carl W. The Seizure of Tinian. Washington, D.C.: Historical Division, Headquarters, U.S. Marine Corps, 1951. Hoyt, Edwin P. To the Marianas: War in the Central Pacific, 1944. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1980. Philip A.Crowl/a. r. See alsoAir Power, Strategic ; Marine Corps, United States ; Philippine Sea, Battle of the ; Saipan ; Trust Territory of the Pacific ; World War II ; World War II, Air War against Japan . |
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"Tinian." Dictionary of American History. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Tinian." Dictionary of American History. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3401804207.html "Tinian." Dictionary of American History. 2003. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3401804207.html |
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Tinian
Tinian. One of the Pacific Mariana Islands chain, this island 16 km. (10 mi.) long, which lies just 5 km. (3 mi.) from Saipan, was garrisoned by 8,350 Japanese troops during the Pacific war. Following a 43-day air and sea bombardment, 2nd and 4th US Marine Divisions of Maj-General Harry Schmidt's 5th Amphibious Corps (see also amphibious warfare) landed there on 24 July 1944. They overcame all organized opposition in twelve days, though it took three months to eliminate pockets of resistance. So well did the marines fight and co-ordinate with the supporting forces that the commanding general of the Marianas Expeditionary Troops, Lt-General Holland Smith (1882–1967), considered it the best amphibious operation in the Pacific war. It was from Tinian that B29 bombers delivered the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
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I. C. B. DEAR and M. R. D. FOOT. "Tinian." The Oxford Companion to World War II. 2001. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. I. C. B. DEAR and M. R. D. FOOT. "Tinian." The Oxford Companion to World War II. 2001. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O129-Tinian.html I. C. B. DEAR and M. R. D. FOOT. "Tinian." The Oxford Companion to World War II. 2001. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O129-Tinian.html |
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Tinian
Tinian , island (2000 pop. 3,540), 39 sq mi (101 sq km), W Pacific, one of the Northern Mariana Islands . The island lies immediately SW of Saipan. The inhabitants are of mixed Micronesian, Filipino, and Spanish descent. Tinian's once large phosphate deposits have been depleted. Vegetable gardening is now the main occupation, but attempts have been made to raise large numbers of cattle. In World War II Tinian was taken (1944) by U.S. forces and made into an important military base for attacks on the Japanese mainland. The planes that dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki were flown from Tinian. |
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"Tinian." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Tinian." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Tinian.html "Tinian." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Tinian.html |
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Tinian
Tinian one of the Marianas Islands, first taken from the Japanese by the Marines in 1944 and thereafter developed as an airbase for bombing raids on Japan. The components of the “Little Boy” bomb were assembled here.
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Cite this article
"Tinian." The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military. 2001. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Tinian." The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military. 2001. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O63-Tinian.html "Tinian." The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military. 2001. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O63-Tinian.html |
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