The Indo-European Family of Languages
The Indo-European Family of Languages
| The Indo-European Family of Languages |
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| Subfamily
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Group
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Subgroup
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Languages and Principal Dialects
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Asterisk indicates a dead language.
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| Anatolian
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Hieroglypic Hittite , Hittite (Kanesian) , Luwian , Lycian , Lydian , Palaic
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| Baltic
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Latvian (Lettish), Lithuanian , Old Prussian
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| Celtic
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Brythonic
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Breton, Cornish, Welsh
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| Continental
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Gaulish
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| Goidelic or Gaelic
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Irish (Irish Gaelic), Manx , Scottish Gaelic
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| Germanic
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East Germanic
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Burgundian , Gothic , Vandalic
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| North Germanic
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Old Norse (see Norse ), Danish , Faeroese, Icelandic , Norwegian , Swedish
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| West Germanic (see Grimm's law )
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High German
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German , Yiddish
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| Low German
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Afrikaans , Dutch , English , Flemish , Frisian , Plattdeutsch (see German language )
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| Greek
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Aeolic , Arcadian , Attic , Byzantine Greek , Cyprian , Doric , Ionic , Koinē , Modern Greek
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| Indo-Iranian
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Dardic or Pisacha
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Kafiri, Kashmiri, Khowar, Kohistani, Romany (Gypsy), Shina
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| Indic or Indo-Aryan
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Pali , Prakrit , Sanskrit , Vedic
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| Central Indic
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Hindi , Hindustani , Urdu
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| East Indic
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Assamese, Bengali (Bangla), Bihari, Oriya
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| Northwest Indic
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Punjabi, Sindhi
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| Pahari
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Central Pahari, Eastern Pahari (Nepali), Western Pahari
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| South Indic
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Marathi (including major dialect Konkani), Sinhalese (Singhalese)
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| West Indic
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Bhili, Gujarati, Rajasthani (many dialects)
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| Iranian
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Avestan , Old Persian
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| East Iranian
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Baluchi, Khwarazmian , Ossetic, Pamir dialects, Pashto (Afghan), Saka (Khotanese) , Sogdian , Yaghnobi
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| West Iranian
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Kurdish, Pahlavi (Middle Persian) , Parthian , Persian (Farsi), Tajiki
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| Italic
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(Non-Romance)
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Faliscan , Latin , Oscan , Umbrian
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| Romance or Romanic
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Eastern Romance
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Italian , Rhaeto-Romanic , Romanian , Sardinian
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| Western Romance
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Catalan , French , Ladino, Portuguese , Provençal, Spanish
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| Slavic or Slavonic
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East Slavic
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Belarusian (White Russian), Russian , Ukrainian
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| South Slavic
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Bulgarian , Church Slavonic , Macedonian, Serbo-Croatian , Slovenian
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| West Slavic
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Czech , Kashubian, Lusatian (Sorbian or Wendish), Polabian , Polish , Slovak
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| Thraco-Illyrian
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Albanian, Illyrian , Thracian
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| Thraco-Phrygian
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Armenian , Grabar (Classical Armenian) , Phrygian
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| Tokharian (W China)
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Tokharian A (Agnean) , Tokharian B (Kuchean)
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