Surtsey

Surtsey volcanic island, c.1.25 sq mi (3.2 sq km), S of Iceland in Vestmannaeyjar (Westman Islands). The island was formed by the eruption (Nov., 1963) of Sutur, an underwater volcano named for a giant of Icelandic legend. For four months the fissure, estimated to be c.1,500 ft (460 m) long, emitted explosions of ash, cinders, and pumice in a column rising more than 1,000 ft (305 m). Lava flowed from Apr., 1964, to May, 1965, forming a shell that guaranteed the existence of the island. Scientists have been able to study the formation of tornadoes, waterspouts, hail, and lightning—all manifestations of the volcano itself—as well as the first evidence of life on the new island. Surtsey was designated a nature reserve in 1965.

Surtsey a small island to the south of Iceland, formed by a volcanic eruption in 1963, and named for the fire-giant Surtr of Scandinavian mythology, who at Ragnarök will lead the forces of evil from the east to do battle with the gods.