Scandinavian Physical Geography

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Surtsey

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. | 2011 | Copyright

Surtsey volcanic island, c.1.25 sq mi (3.2 sq km), S of Iceland in Vestmannaeyjar (Westman Islands). The island was formed by the eruption (Nov., 1963) of Sutur, an underwater volcano named for a giant of Icelandic legend. For four months the fissure, estimated to be c.1,500 ft (460 m) long, emitted explosions of ash, cinders, and pumice in a column rising more than 1,000 ft (305 m). Lava flowed from Apr., 1964, to May, 1965, forming a shell that guaranteed the existence of the island. Scientists have been able to study the formation of tornadoes, waterspouts, hail, and lightning—all manifestations of the volcano itself—as well as the first evidence of life on the new island. Surtsey was designated a nature reserve in 1965.

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"Surtsey." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

"Surtsey." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Surtsey.html

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Surtsey

Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names | 2005 | | Copyright

Surtsey, Iceland An island which began to erupt out of the waters of the Atlantic Ocean in 1963 in a blaze of fire and smoke. It was named ‘Surt's Island’ in 1965 after Surtur, the fire god of Icelandic mythology, with ey ‘island’.

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JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Surtsey." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Surtsey." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-Surtsey.html

JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Surtsey." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-Surtsey.html

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Surtsey

The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable | 2006 | | Copyright

Surtsey a small island to the south of Iceland, formed by a volcanic eruption in 1963, and named for the fire-giant Surtr of Scandinavian mythology, who at Ragnarök will lead the forces of evil from the east to do battle with the gods.

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ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Surtsey." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Surtsey." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-Surtsey.html

ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Surtsey." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-Surtsey.html

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Free newspaper and magazine articles

	Surtsey Productions Inc.(Anniversaries)(Brief Article) Magazine article from: Detroiter; 1/1/2002
	Surtsey: Ecosystems Formed.(Brief Article)(Book Review) Magazine article from: SciTech Book News; 6/1/2006
	Erosion shrinks Icelandic island.(of Surtsey)(Brief Article) Newspaper article from: Nordic Business Report; 10/17/2002