Srinagar

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Srinagar

The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition | 2008 | The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Copyright 2008 Columbia University Press. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

Srinagar or Serinagar , city (1981 est. pop. 588,000), Jammu and Kashmir, India, historic capital of Kashmir , on the Jhelum River. Situated in the Vale of Kashmir, Srinagar is one of the most beautiful summer resorts of Asia. Seven wooden bridges cross the Jhelum and connect the sections of the city. There are many canals, and transportation is chiefly by boat. Houseboats on the canals and nearby lakes serve as vacation hotels. In place of the hand-woven shawls (cashmeres) for which the city was famed, machine-made silks, woolens, and carpets are now manufactured. The city was founded in the 6th cent., and the 7th-century Sankaracharya temple may be its oldest historic remain. There is a 16th-century fort built by Akbar . The Hazratbal mosque has a putative hair of Muhammad. Extensive Buddhist ruins are also near the city. In 1948, Srinagar became the summer capital of the Indian sector of the disputed state of Jammu and Kashmir. The Univ. of Kashmir is in the city.

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FOREIGNISM

Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language | 1998 | | © Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language 1998, originally published by Oxford University Press 1998. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

FOREIGNISM. A foreign WORD or expression, as in the headline ‘No more Antagonismo’ (Time, 15 Aug. 1988). Foreign expressions in English (as opposed to BORROWINGS or LOANWORDS proper) are generally used for special effect, for ‘local colour’, or to demonstrate special knowledge. In print, they typically appear in italics and are usually glossed:
In the bazaars the shops were silently shuttered. In place of the turmoil of hawkers, scooters and vans pedestrians shrouded in the phiran, the long woollen winter coat, wandered or lounged in good humoured idleness, clutching under their wraps the kongri, a basket containing an earthenware bowl full of hot charcoal to keep them warm (‘Letter from Srinagar’, The Times, 23 Jan. 1984). There tends to be a gradation in English from less to more foreign. French expressions range from the integrated (but variously pronounced) garage through elite/élite and coup d'etat/état to fin de siècle and pâtisserie. In such a spread, it is difficult to specify precisely where the ‘properly’ foreign begins: all the items are foreign, but some are more foreign than others, and more foreign for some than for others. Non-native words are used in English to a vast and unmeasurable extent. Many varieties of the language have everyday usages that in others would be foreignisms: Maori expressions in NZE, Hawaiian elements in AmE, and Gallicisms in the English of Quebec. See HARD WORD, LOAN, NATIVIZATION.

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TOM McARTHUR. "FOREIGNISM." Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language. 1998. Encyclopedia.com. 5 Jul. 2009 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

TOM McARTHUR. "FOREIGNISM." Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language. 1998. Encyclopedia.com. (July 5, 2009). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O29-FOREIGNISM.html

TOM McARTHUR. "FOREIGNISM." Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language. 1998. Retrieved July 05, 2009 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O29-FOREIGNISM.html

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Pfleiderer Track Systems, Germany, has formed a joint venture with sleeper manufacturer, Patil Rail Infrastructure, to supply the Rheda 2000 ballastless track system developed by Pfleiderer for sections of the 300km Jammu-Udhampur-Srinagar line in Kashmir, which is due for completion in 2007.(India)
Magazine article from: International Railway Journal; 5/1/2004; 55 words ; ...Infrastructure, to supply the Rheda 2000 ballastless track system developed by Pfleiderer for sections of the 300km Jammu-Udhampur-Srinagar line in Kashmir, which is due for completion in 2007. The line will include numerous tunnels up to 11km in length. Read more
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Newspaper article from: IPR Strategic Business Information Database; 12/31/2002; 89 words ; ...services in Jammu and Kashmir on April 13 with cities of Jammu, Srinagar and Vaishno Devi to be covered in the first phase, said Chief...communication among the cities and along the entire length of Srinagar-Pathankot national highway. Kumar said the 12 district headquarters... Read more
INDIA: EIGHTH MEETING OF THE INTER-STATE COUNCIL.
Newspaper article from: IPR Strategic Business Information Database; 8/26/2003; 115 words ; The eighth meeting of the Inter-State Council is being held at Srinagar on August 27-28, 2003. The meeting is being held at the prestigious Sher-i-Kashmir International Conference Centre (SKICC) on the... Read more
SLIDESHOW: Our man's Passage To India: The final episode.
Newspaper article from: Herald & Post (Luton, England); 10/25/2007; 700+ words ; ...trip's highlights. On the way back to Srinagar we stopped to take some photographs...have been a number of car bombings in Srinagar. Jammu City and its immediate environs...attack on a police HQ based in a hotel in Srinagar injured three officers while an explosion... Read more
Indian Airlines aircraft involved in false hijack alert.
Magazine article from: Airline Industry Information; 8/20/2003; 101 words ; ...a false hijack alarm. The aircraft was scheduled to fly to Srinagar, Kashmir when a hijack alarm was triggered. Airport police...triggered by a technical problem. According to Reuters, flights to Srinagar are subject to intense security over fears of possible hijacks... Read more
Mercy trip hell.
Newspaper article from: Linlithgowshire Journal & Gazette (Linlithgowshire, Scotland); 1/27/2006; 700+ words ; ...a regular occurance. Douglas flew to Srinagar on the Indian side of the disputed mountain...shocked by the security situation in Srinagar. He said: On the taxi that took us from...region. ? Dr Gautham left Douglas in Srinagar with no clear task, no emergency proceedures... Read more
Surface late reports.
Magazine article from: Monthly Climatic Data for the World; 11/1/2005; 700+ words ; ...14500W 3 OCTOBER 2005 ASIA INDIA 42027 SRINAGAR 3405N 07450E 1587 42071 AMRITSAR 3138N...1017.1 OCTOBER 2005 ASIA INDIA 42027 SRINAGAR 844.0 1518 Y 42071 AMRITSAR 984.4 1011...0 23.2 OCTOBER 2005 ASIA INDIA 42027 SRINAGAR 14.3 .2 11.0 42071 AMRITSAR 23.8 .0 18... Read more
Airline News - Asia / Pacific.
Magazine article from: Airguide Online; 3/23/2009; 207 words ; ...India's low-cost subsidiary Air India Express added its 21st aircraft last week, a 737-800. It will use the plane on a weekly Srinagar-Dubai flight scheduled to start Feb. 14. IX now operates 176 weekly flights to 16 Indian and 14 international destinations... Read more
Airport News - Asia / Pacific.
Magazine article from: Airguide Online; 3/23/2009; 308 words ; ...India's low-cost subsidiary Air India Express added its 21st aircraft last week, a 737-800. It will use the plane on a weekly Srinagar-Dubai flight scheduled to start Feb. 14. IX now operates 176 weekly flights to 16 Indian and 14 international destinations... Read more

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