Italian Physical Geography

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Further reading

Saint Bernard

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. | 2008 | Copyright

Saint Bernard two Alpine passes, both used since antiquity. The Great Saint Bernard (alt. 8,110 ft/2,472 m), on the Italian-Swiss border, links Valais canton, Switzerland, with Valle d'Aosta, Italy. Frequented by the Gauls and Romans, the pass also was crossed by Charlemagne, Emperor Henry IV, Frederick Barbarossa, and Napoleon I. The hospice, founded by St. Bernard of Menthon, is in the charge of Augustinian friars. The St. Bernard dogs bred by them were formerly used to search for lost travelers. A ruined temple of Jupiter stands at the summit. Nearby are a hotel, a church, a library, and a scientific institute. The Great St. Bernard Road Tunnel, c.4 mi (6.4 km) long, linking Switzerland and Italy, was opened in 1964. The Little Saint Bernard (alt. 7,178 ft/2,188 m) connects Savoie dept., France, with Valle d'Aosta, Italy. It also has a hospice founded by St. Bernard of Menthon.

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Saint Bernard

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. | 2008 | Copyright

Saint Bernard see Bernard of Clairvaux, Saint ; Bernard of Menthon, Saint . For the two Alpine passes, see Saint Bernard .

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"Saint Bernard." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-X-BernardSt.html

"Saint Bernard." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-X-BernardSt.html

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